ICTE 2011

The study focuses on the hypothesis that lifecycle effects are suppressed by the built environment, and this can be examined using the repeated cross-sectional data collected over the last three decades. The fraction of automobile trips for each lifecycle stage in the different residence area over time is first reviewed using descriptive statistical analysis. The effects of lifecycle, residence area and year and their interaction effects are examined by using three-way ANOVA analysis. The results show that even within each lifecycle stage, change in the fraction of auto trips over time is suppressed in commercial and mixed commercial/residential areas. However, the fraction of auto trips for autonomous areas, suburbs and unurbanized areas increased over time in the range of 2 to 7 times depending on the lifecycle stage.

Former lateral warning algorithms are fixed, can't adapt to different type of drivers. To warn doze off or inattention drivers, amend unconscious lane deviation and reduce lane departure accident, an adaptive driver characteristics lateral warning algorithm was designed. The algorithm was based on Time to Lane Crossing(TLC) algorithm, judged driver intention and the time to sound the alarm with vehicle running parameters, its' logic meets to driver response characteristics, and distinguished the driver unconscious lane deviation and the normal lane change behavior. Real road vehicle test data verified the algorithm, the results show that the algorithm is close to driver characteristics, driver subjective feeling to algorithm effect is fairly good, the algorithm can adapt to different type of drivers and different type of roads.

By analyzing the dynamic behavioral characteristics of motor vehicles and bicycles at Beijing road intersection, this paper established micro-behavior models of mixed traffic flow at intersection and this paper presented a dynamic parallel simulation algorithm for mixed traffic at intersection based on Multi-Agent system, then class functions for motor vehicles and bicycle Agent have constructed in this paper. The dynamic behavior and characteristics of mixed traffic flow reproduced through computer simulation. The research results have solved the mixed traffic flow dynamic simulation problems of traditional simulation methods, at the same time, the research results have provide a new simulation methods to ease the traffic interference and congestion at road intersection of China's urban.

Today with the rapid development of information technology, it is becoming more and more important to be able to share traffic information between various traffic management administrations. The purpose of this paper is to discuss a data fusion algorithm based on Self Organizing Maps (SOMs) for Integrated Traffic Information System (ITIS), which is one of an essential part of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and is being implemented in many metropolises in China recently. In this paper, the architecture of SOMs network is first described; secondly, the learning and training rules of SOMs are briefly addressed; in the third place, a data fusion algorithm based on SOMs neural network is validated with quantitative traffic data collected on urban expressway. Through the test in a certain area in the city of Shenzhen, we got the conclusion that data fusion algorithm studied in this paper can provide precise and comprehensive traffic information in ITIS for travelers and decision-makers so to improve the safety and efficiency of the surface transportation system.

Identified and detailed time-series model according to transport volume impact factor combined with ACF, PACF Legend, estimated parameter and diagnosed by logistic regression and ARIMA technology. The results showed that model 1 is not sensitive to external factors while model 2 is, model 2 is the best one.

Urban rail transport, which is an efficient and green transportation mode, is bound to become increasingly popular in China. Urban rail network evaluation problem, as a new type of multi-target logic and decision problem, has large theoretical and practical significance. This study illustrated the potential of analytic network process (ANP) in rail network evaluation with multiple objectives. In this paper, the decisions software "Super Decisions" (SD) was applied to solve the problem, which indicates that the ANP method can effectively optimize the multiple targets evaluation process. This method basically solves the rail network evaluation problem in rail planning, especially when the factors are interdependent.

The operation for placing-in and taking-out of freight cars on branch-shaped sidings is analyzed and categorized into a similar traveling salesman problem (TSP), so as to determine a function to calculate the minimum car-hours (car-kilometers) consumed. Corresponding mathematically optimized dynamic programming model is built and it is tested in combination with a case. According to the result, the model is feasible and effective.

With the rapid development of economy and the pace of urbanization in our country, the passengers gradually increase their requirements for travelling. The construction of integrated passenger transit system (IPTS) has become an inevitable choice for transport development. On the basis of a brief introduction, the paper points out the way and method to realize IPTS. Since many feasible results of application of ITS have obtained in railway transport system, in the following parts, the paper discusses the promotion of these results from railway transport to urban rail transit, that is, horizontal development strategy of ITS in urban rail transit. In the end, recommendations and suggestions are given for the integrations of ITS in other traditional transport methods.

This article presents to shorten the travel time consumption for passengers, considering the building cost and operational efficiency of the coach station; we also build the mathematical model of the coach station location and distribution of transit lines. Calculate the example by genetic algorithm, the result should be assessed and corrected by experts, gaining the way for the coach station location and optimal allocation scheme.

The public transport cost is one of the problems that both citizens and the government are most concerned about. On the basis of investigation and analysis of the public transportation system in Shanghai, this paper calculates the index of Shanghai public transport cost. The trip cost of private transport and public transport were compared, and public transport price elasticity of demand was studied in the paper. In the end, the strategy which can lower the cost of public transport was introduced. The result of the research can provide the basis of decision making for urban transportation sustainable development.

With the rapid development of transport, PDL (passenger dedicate line) construction has entered a period of rapid development and more and more PDLs will be introduced into the existing rail hub. The PDL comprehensive transportation hub, which served as the convergence point of various modes of transport, plays an extremely important role in the development of the urban. This paper mainly focuses on the coordination between PDL comprehensive transportation hub and the urban planning, layout, traffic and urban roads.

A combinatorial optimization model of congestion pricing for toll levels and toll locations in multi-class network is proposed with the number of toll links unknown. This model is a bi-level programming model where the upper level program aims to maximize the net social welfare and the lower level proposes a multi-class network equilibrium model with elastic demand. The hybrid GA-SA method is presented in order to solve the above-stated model containing mixed discrete and continuous variables. The feasibility and effectiveness of the model and its algorithm are illustrated with a numerical example.

With the traffic stream data collected in the exit ramp downstream of south Ruijin road locating in the Shanghai inner loop expressway, traffic parameters of traffic speed, density, occupancy and volume are analyzed. The time variation of speed and volume, the difference of traffic volume participating rate in the various lanes of road section downstream, the selection and evaluation of density-speed model and the relationship among traffic density, speed and volume are key-points analyzed. The research can provide data support and scientific basis for the design and planning of urban expressway.

The quality of railway daily and shift plans play has an important role for the dispatch efficiency of railway transportation. For a long time, railway daily and shift plans are made mainly by plan dispatcher, plan dispatcher plays the core of information exchange. By analyzing the preparation process of plans and work use case diagram of plan dispatcher, it can be inferred that the preparation of dispatch daily and shift plans need a multi-types of dispatchers to work together. So, learn from blackboard model of expert system, collaborative platform for the preparation of dispatch daily and shift plans is established for the information exchange between multi-types dispatchers. The platform has been completed, and has been deployed in railway administration. It has been proved that the platform for the preparation of dispatch daily and shift plans is an effective way to solve the problem of cooperative work between multi-types dispatchers.

Period Operating Method (POM), one way of train untwining in overcapacity section for speed-raising lines, is proposed. The basic principles of the period operating and the calculation method of carrying capacity utilization rate are enumerated. After that the general of period operating method is designed. The example analyzed indicates that under given number of trains, the utilization rate of carrying capacity goes down with the reduction of operating periods for freight trains and increase of the number of same type tracking passenger trains, which effectively alleviates the intense situation of the carrying capacity. Compared with group tracking method, this method has the advantages of higher travelling speed of passenger and freight trains, less interference and less arrival and departure tracks.

With the number of tourists increasing every year, there is a huge traffic pressure in Mount Emei scenic , so do the traffic jams and tourists stranded become increasing prominent in the area, which has become the bottleneck in Mount Emei's tourism development. Faced with the growing number of tourists, choosing the right mode of transport organization and rapidly transporting tourists is the key to improve the traffic situation. Based on the investigation and analysis of Mount Emei's traffic situation, using transportation planning theory and combined with operations research methods, established the linear optimization model of tourist bus operation plan whose target is minimize the total traffic time that tourists cost in the scenic. And using the simplex search method to obtain the optimal solution of the model, it is based on practical parameters which got from the surveys. The paper presents a operation plan of tourist bus that can rapidly transport passengers.

The paper presents an adaptive model based on the Kalman Filter Model (AKFM) for short-term traffic flow forecasting. Simultaneously, it expounds the basic principles and the implementation process of AKFM in detail. In addition, the paper has implemented AKFM and Classical Kalman Filter Model(CKFM) in C++ and evaluated them by three kinds of different ways. Experimental results show that AKFM integrates the advantages of the adaptive method, which can automatically adjust the parameters according to the model situations. Furthermore, the stability of AKFM is the better than CKFM. It can promote the prediction efficiency and lower the relative error of prediction in limited time. In a word, AKFM is effective and stable.

In the paper, the travel costs of electric bicycles, buses, private cars and bicycles were calculated using travel costs computational models. Through comparative analysis, the position of electric bicycles on urban traffic can be definited reasonably. The research can help government decision-makers to treat electric bicycle reasoningly and promote the rational development of electric bicycle.

After the construction of Qingdao cross-ocean bridge is completed, it will cause the flow of passengers between Qingdao to Huangdao to redistribute. As with the flow of passengers' distribution, we can take method of authentic proof analysis to carry on. The steps include analyze and judging whether the transportation is excellent or not. In addition, the steps consists of dividing the urban areas, investigating flow of passengers and carrying on statistical analysis. Compared to Jiaozhou Bay freeway, cross-ocean bridge is shorter distance and can go straight to the destination. Compared to the sea transportation, it has the economical characteristics of flexibility and speedy which is the feature of highway. Aimed at knowing passengers will take what kind of ways, the Qingdao will be divided into 6 regions. The kind of transportation passengers is procured through passenger flow questionnaire after Qingdao cross-ocean bridge completion. After the statistical analysis of the questionnaire, the probability distribution chosen by passengers can be calculated ferry, cross-ocean bridge and freeway. According to the probability distribution, the quantity of flow of passengers cross-ocean bridge is figured out.

The operation organization decided the system lines, design of station, reasonable configuration of various devices and rational use of equipments' capacity, which was an important part of urban rail transit. While the design of urban rail transit operation organization involved multiple elements, and the relations of various elements was quite complex, a feasible program would take a large amount of time by artificial, which was difficult to attain overall optimal. So the paper proposed to combine operation organization theories with computer, and constructed the computer assistant design system of urban rail transit operation organization to realize information and intelligence of operation organization.

In order to measure the degree of the train operation conflicts accurately and to improve the railway traffic control level, the work of static and dynamic classification for the train operation conflicts are carried out. Different types of conflicts are classified at macro level and micro level. The train operation conflicts are divided into 3 levels at the macro level and 7 levels at the micro level. The research process focuses on assessing the real-time status of the conflict trains and describes how to measure conflicts of the same type.

By researching the whole process of supply chain system logistics, from the general construction inside of the supply chain, this papers abstracts to draw out the supply chain logistics network diagram, and also summarizes the characteristics of the network diagram. Owing to the complexity of the logistics network of supply chain, and sets up the optimize models of the conveyance system of that network. Hopfield neural network map is utilized to solve traveling salesman problem. The arithmetic of software is given. Applying Neural Networks of Hopfield to optimize the model Balance of Supply-demand transportation.

With the development of the city, the parking trouble is becoming an outstanding social and transport problem. A reasonable parking pricing scheme makes contribution to improve the use efficiency of parking and to reduce traffic congestion. The paper employs the theories and methods of behavior science to analyze parking behavior spatial structure, and establish the parking pricing model based on parking choice behavior. An algorithm based on the method of restricted capacity and incremental assignment was designed.

Regard the total cost minimum of the carrying loaded and empty wagon flow as the objective, follow the principle of wagon-flow no separation and continue merging, consider railway line capacity restrain, collaborative optimization model is constructed integrating loaded wagon transportation and empty distribution of many categories in railway network. The model overcomes the separation defect between the traditional loaded wagon carrying optimization and empty distribution optimization. The result shows that the model is effective and feasibility.

There is a need for external benefits analysis of railway construction, and the application of externality theory to the national economy evaluation of railway construction projects. For the construction of railway project has an impact on railway industry, social and natural environment and brings external benefits. Through the study of the current method, this paper builds the index system of national economy evaluation of railway construction based on the externality theory. Though comparison, the new index system is better than the traditional method in defining clear targets and independence of indexes. The analysis of the instance shows the feasibility of externality theory and it provides a new system for national economy evaluation of railway construction.

Transit Metropolis, as a city development strategy, has become the direction of China's central cities. However, lack of implementation, the domestic researches on public transit city are mainly in introduction. By analysis the mechanism of foreign successful cases, based on three strategies, supply, demand and space, this paper establishes a model to build Transit Metropolis, which is applicable to China's central cities. Spatial layout of city along the axis of public transit and development around stations are the cores of space strategy. A city can be divided into three different areas, guide, adaptive and support. Combined with "Smart growth theory" and "TOD" theory, from three levels, macro, meso and micro, this paper gives thorough explanation of the space strategy. In the end, the application to the construction of Public Transit City of Shenzhen demonstrates that the model is scientific and feasible.

The paper empirically investigates the multi-anticipative car-following behavior using a multiple linear regression approach. Two important aspects of the multiple linear regression of a modified generalized linear multi-anticipative car-following model are addressed, e.g., multicollinearity between explanatory variables and serial correlation of time series data. Preliminary results show that a driver in stop-and-go traffic conditions is able to react to the stimuli of the first, second, and even the third leader. Moreover, it is found that a driver in normal traffic conditions only reacts to the stimuli of the first leader. Therefore, it is empirically showed that the stimuli a driver perceives may be different in different traffic condition with respect to multi-anticipative car-following behavior.

Aiming at the analysis of the interactions between port and economy, system dynamic model was used to construct a port-economy system and the causality among the key factors in port production and economy operation has been analyzed to establish a system dynamic flow and variable framework. By using a domestic port and its surrounding area as an example, the grade of the interaction between the port and economy was calculated, and results show that the system dynamic model is effective.

In continuous traffic flow theory, how do we include the interference in the traffic flow, especially the interference factors between vehicles into the model, and the model should not only have the reasonable physical significance, but also the simulation results of the model can more accurately predict and repeat the reality phenomenon of traffic and transport., which are the hot pot and difficult problem among transportation scholars. The paper analyzes the derivation process of the traditional car-following model, in which the brake distance of the leader and following cars are the same, so the car-following model can be simplified. But in the actual mixed traffic flow which is composed by different kinds of vehicles, the distance is different because of the difference of dynamic ability and brake ability among different vehicles, therefore it can not be simplified. And it is defined as the viscous term in high-order traffic flow model in this paper, through which the model is more precise and more reasonable, and the model has a clear understanding of physics. Finally, the paper presents a new kinetic model based on the new car-following model, which include the viscous resistance into the continuous traffic flow model successfully.

There are still some shortcomings of highway transportation information systems at present. The paper shows a more comprehensive and objective framework of database of statistical information for highway transportation, and points a core indicators-volume, which not only provides data according to the different demand, can also provide statistical analysis for data. It provides more scientific basis of decision and management for the rational allocation and control of transport capacity.

At present, periodic train timetable problem becomes one of the hot topics. On the basic of present mathematic programming theories and methods about periodic and non-periodic train timetable problems, this paper constructs a multi-objective model for periodic train timetable problem, transfers it into a single model with multi-priority structure, and proposes a heuristic algorithm based on precedence order of train-sections. Finally, the paper gives out a instance for Jingjin railroad to show the algorithm effectiveness.

Only a liberalized and interoperable rail system, that is open to competition, can meet its full potential as an indispensable passenger transportation network in the intermodal transport chain and as a competitive mode of its own. A key advantage in a liberalized environment is for railways to improve their service levels to those available in other transport modes. Based on the first author's experience in working in Europe as a rail intern, this paper aims at rail liberalization for passenger transportation in Europe, providing a summary of rail liberalization in Europe, and addressing key factors and lessons that may be useful for the operation and marketing of China's high speed railway network.

Based on the analysis of the short-term traffic flow, this paper aims to explore that the flow has a feather of randomness and nonlinearity, which has the chaotic characteristics meanwhile. As a result, the chaotic theory will probably be used to make a short-term traffic flow forecasting. Fractal interpolation is adopted in the paper to simulate data forecasting, which is based on the original data from Shanghai Metro Line 9. Compared with the actual results, the predicted data is closeto it within the error band, which shows that the fractal interpolation can be used in short-term traffic flow forecasting.

The paper develops the model of the shipyard ship shifting problem with Five-point Approach Method, and establishes the dynamic programming model of the topic problem, then discusses the basic solution principle of Five-point Approach Method(FPAM), finally solves the optimal approximate solution of the model through the Looking-Flower-Drawing (LFD) building. The paper provides a theory research of thinking for shipyard ship shifting scheduling problem for the shipyard.

Mode selection problem in multimodal transportation lies on combine each available transportation mode to transport freight on the premise of satisfying variable transportation requirements of consignors while the total cost composed of fixed transportation cost, variable transportation cost, transfer cost and service penalty cost are minimized. Based on transportation cost structure, a capacitated mode selection problem in multimodal transportation with time windows was presented. Taking the transportation capacity, time windows and so on as constraints, a more general purpose optimal model was proposed. The model was 0–1 nonlinear mathematical programming model, the small-scale problem instances could be solved by commercial optimization software and the large-scale ones could be handled by genetic algorithm. At last a small-scale computational test coded with LINGO demonstrated that if simultaneously considering the transportation fixed and variable cost, we could find better solution.

The intersection is an important part of the highway system. The operational efficiency, capacity, safety and cost of the system depended on design of roundabout intersection, especially in the urban area. The present study include analysis, evaluation and improvement of traffic operation for selecting roundabout, Kahtan Square (KS) in Baghdad city by using many alternatives under local exist conditions and found best proposal to enhance the performance at the required facility. To achieve these objectives, SIDRA traffic program is used for traffic analysis process. It has been concluded that, fly over at the main path of traffic movement at KS (Baya'a—Yarmok hospital) is the best proposal to improve the capacity and traffic operation for KS.

Railway Net is a typical Store-Forward Network. When trains arrive to the station, the process of preprocessing, waiting before departure and leaving the station is a queueing process. This process will be influenced by lines' carrying capacity, lines' number of trains, etc. The total operation results of all lines must try their best to ensure all the trains will finish the journey from the start to the end at the appointed time. This paper has introduced Store-Forward Model into Railway Transportation Net, while constructed Store-Forward Network Model of the Railway Net. The mathematical model for Carrying Capacity Optimum Design has been built according to this Model, and the algorithm to the overall optimal solution has been put forward. The basic carrying capacity of each line has been calculated. The correctness of this algorithm has been testified through the calculated carrying capacity. Through comparing the carrying capacity calculated by the model and the actual one, the assistant decision support will be provided.

Signal system is one of the most important electromechanical systems in urban rail transit, and is a guarantee for safe operation of metro. It radically influences metro operation efficiency, which is a key factor for improving metro service quality and has high requirements in security and reliability. ISCS centered on train operation is a developing trend of urban rail transit. By introducing the characteristics of ATS in metro and considering the different approaches for integrating ATS into an Integrated Supervision and Control System (ISCS), this paper analyzes the system architecture of ATS in operation control center and stations and studies in detail the coordinate functions of PIS in ISCS, with the application prospect of ATS in urban rail transit highlighted.

The paper analyzes the difference of operation control system between railway and maglev trains. Based on the construction of the train working diagram of railways, the model and knitting algorithm to compile the maglev train working diagram are put forward. The compilation model aims at the maximum running capacity of the lines and is solved using knitting algorithm. The knitting algorithm regards the stations, regions, switches and the tracks as critical resources, and goes along according to the step of "drawing-check-just-redrawing-readjust" at every station and region acting on two adjacent trains. The algorithm resolves the train conflicts by adapting the train routings and enlarging the train departing time interval.At last, the system gets the feasible and optimal maglev train working diagram. The computational examples indicate that the proposed knitting algorithm is able to work out the maglev train working diagram schemes quickly and effectively, the algorithm has the better effectiveness and practicability.

This paper discusses the embodiment of bounded rationality in travel choice. In classical utility functions based on hypothesis of fully rational consumers, travel time is assumed to be negative utility which is minimized by travelers, whereas the average travel time is observed to be relatively constant over the past 40 years. Thus, in order to further understand the incentives of travel choice, a survey was conducted in both London and Shanghai to collect data about individuals' perceptions of ideal travel time in relation to different travel purposes. The result implies that the bounded rationality characterize the probability distribution shape of ideal travel time which can be well fitted by generalized extreme value distribution.

Dispatching problem in marshalling yard is that one has uncertainty, multiple objectives, and it integrates synthetically. Its intelligent dispatching system is a complicated system too, difficult to describe with an accurate mathematics model. The integrated design principle and technology element of yard intelligent dispatching system (YIDS) have been analyzed by using system thought and theory, the comprehensive integrated framework was put forward, and then its complexity was analyzed from a lot of respects, such as system goal, system attribute, system environment, technology system, subsystem, etc., this has pointed out the direction for further research of yard intelligent dispatching system.

Urban public bicycle system is made up of rental stations and bicycle roads. In order to further study layout optimizing method of urban public bicycle rental stations, complex network theory was introduced. Basing on complex network theory, urban public bicycle rental stations network was converted into topology structure and the method of constructing complex network on urban public bicycle rental stations was put forward. Through analyzing the basic property index of public bicycle complex network, such as average shortest path length, clustering coefficient and degree distribution, it was ascertained network type of public bicycle rental stations. Then, the important hubs of rental stations could be found and the method of optimizing complex network of urban public bicycle rental station was put forward. The analysis result showed that the complex network type of the public bicycle rental stations was ascertained by analyzing of the network topology characteristic and the study method was used to optimize deployment of public bicycle rental stations. Taking an example for urban public bicycle rental stations of Qingshan district in Wuhan city, it is concluded that the method of analyzing urban public bicycle rental stations network based on the complex network is operable.

The parking fee of Park & ride facilities on the subway station was studied in this paper. Price sensitivity measurement (PSM) was applied to discuss the appropriate parking fee, and the corresponding questionnaire survey was carried out. The price of marginal cheapness, price of marginal expensiveness, indifference pricing point, optimal pricing point, range of supported price and range of acceptable price was calculated with the survey data. Moreover, a formula of choice behavior for the competitive price level was established with a Logit style PSM model and optimal price is obtained. The research result can be applied to price decision-making of Park & ride facilities on the subway station.

Intellectual traffic system (ITS) plays an important role to improve transportation efficiency when facing the condition of traffic crowd, especially how to decide the smallest impediment among the dots in the net model. Traditionally, transportation routing planning is mainly two dimensions which is also a space orientation. Time dimension is neglected easily. So both two dimension viewpoint and time dimension principle should be considered to set up the dynamic vehicle routing (DVR). Actually, it is not simply assembled but organic combination which it means that DVR should consider road actuality, time, even and traffic currency, crowd condition etc to carry out the shortest routing, smallest time and expenditure in transportation system. On the other hand, altitude training is a kind of training method in the modern athletic sports which is very efficient as it can improve athletes' achievement under the condition of anaerobic environment and sports loads. Many sports researchers think that high-low alternate training can promote all kinds of athletes' achievement, who are from plateau location and plain area, by plenty of researches and studies. However, altitude training resource is very limited. So, this paper provides short term traffic prediction through microscopic traffic model to use altitude training resource high efficiently and qualitatively. It also tries to adjust the algorithm to plan transportation path dynamically on the basis of grasping the actuality of traffic transportation to altitude training resource being used. The result is that the transportation routing planning of altitude training resource is more practical and valuable in combination with dynamic routing planning algorithm, which is a practical test to the microscopic traffic model and dynamic routing planning in reality. The conclusion is that microscopic transportation model benefits to the development of altitude training resource and provides some valuable reference.

Transportation industry is pillar industry and bridge of economy circular, annually oil consumption about is 1/3 of all social oil consumption, in order to make energy-saving and ejection-decreasing estimation better practical for transportation industry, need to draw typical driving cycles to simulate actual running status of vehicles. Now 4 and 6-mode was used not to satisfy the present economy estimation of vehicle. In the paper, operational vehicle of passenger-transport corporations is looked upon as research object in the road transportation corporations, sorted by vehicle length, 6–9 meter and 9–12 meter length passenger car, some representative vehicles are chosen in the each kind of vehicles, chose the character parameter of driving cycles with actual running process, optimized the character parameter of driving cycles, confirmed the representative driving cycles. On the typical driving cycles we estimate economy and emission of relevant vehicles by simulation technology, 3 percent is about the average relative error of estimation result and actual value, can satisfy demand of project technology, make economy and emission estimation more practical for transportation industry, be propitious to establish more reasonable economy and emission standard.

Shortest path problem is a common problem in traffic areas. In an actual traffic network, arc costs are usually time-varying functions, under such condition, the issue how to find a shortest path is called as time-varying shortest path problem, on which there are a few research so far, and these research are all aiming at the following situations: arc costs are discrete time-varying functions, piecewise functions, or probability distribution functions. However, arc costs are often continuous time-varying, and there is hardly any research on shortest path problem under this condition. Therefore, we establish a nonlinear programming model and design a corresponding dynamic Dijkstra algorithm on continuous time-varying path problem, whose correctness and effectiveness are verified through a case study.

Port is the core resource to bring up regional economic development. The paper uses the method of Date Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to evaluate the effect of port investment on regional economy. It establishes the evaluation model, taking Shanghai port as the example, to do the empirical analysis by using real data. The results show that all the effect value of Shanghai port on regional economy is 1 for recent 10 years which means it is very effective. Furthermore, it uses statistic model for the empirical test and regression analysis of the port investment with regional economy. It shows that the correlation coefficient is 0.935 between port investment and GDP of Shanghai, significance probability is less than 5% which means the liner regression is obvious.

Travel behavior analysis is a basic research to ensure reasonable, efficient and orderly urban transportation planning. In order to examine influences of household/individual socio-demographics on household trip-chaining, structural equation model (SEM) is applied in this study to model travel behavior of nuclear household. Data is from the activity-travel survey conducted in Suzhou, China, in 2009. Household/individual socio-demographics are employed as exogenous in SEM. Endogenous variables are nuclear households' trip-chaining characteristics. Model estimation results suggest that household/individual socio-demographics have significant effects on household trip-chaining generations. Relatively, male heads and female heads have obvious influence on different aspect of travel behaviors. In addition, trip-chaining characteristics are related to each other and substitution and complementation exist among various trip chains. The research may contribute to the further study of the establishment of household-level travel demand model.

As an important part of the metro station safety management, pedestrian organization has been widely researched, mainly through pedestrian simulation methods, but in this study, space syntax theory is introduced. We take East Nanjing Road Metro Station as an example, which seriously suffers from the huge pedestrian flow. By comparing the results of real situation and software analysis, we found the variables Integration and Gate Counts can explain and predict the pedestrian behavior properly. The conclusion of this study enriches and broadens the scope of the methods used in metro station pedestrian organization design.

The unblocked reliability of urban road network directly impacts the effectiveness of city traffic management. First, a bi-level programming model based on the urban road network unblocked reliability concept is presented, and its upper-level model is to minimize the total investment and make the network to be system optimization at the same time, the lower-level model is a standard network equilibrium model satisfying WORDRAP's first equilibrium rule. Then, a GA is adopted to solve this problem. Finally, the network of JinFu intersection in ChengDu has been regarded as an example to verify the validity and feasibility of model and algorithm, explaining the research of unblocked reliability can provide technology and decision-making support for urban road network planning management.

The coordination between PBN flight procedure design and aerodrome operating conditions (CBPFPDAOC) is related to the utilization of the aerodrome airspace, the medium and long-term flight procedures planning of aerodrome, the quality and the efficiency of air traffic management and even the safety of aircraft. In practice, the judgment about the CBPFPDAOC is usually made by the experts, based on their specialized domain knowledge and experience. This human-made judgment could be bias and arbitrary. To address this problem, we did research by applying the knowledge of interval evaluation. According to the features of PBN flight procedures and on the basis of the comprehensive consideration of the many factors on aerodrome operating conditions, we established a comprehensive evaluation index system about the CBPFPDAOC; and then based on the principle of interval evaluation, we constructed the comprehensive assessment model on the CBPFPDAOC which based on the determination of the evaluation level. We give details of this method in this paper, including constructing evaluation indicator system, obtaining values of each indicator, building comprehensive evaluation of mathematical model, and finding solution of the model, etc. At the last part of this paper, we present a numerical example to demonstrate this method is practical, reasonable, and feasible.

Based on the WC-OWA operator the traffic mode choice model is constructed in the paper. Assuming characteristic variables of traffic modes follow normal distribution, combining with 3σ principle, the values of the characteristic variables are transformed into random interval numbers and the optional decision matrix is established and standardized; Using the weighted least-square method of complementary judgment matrix ,the weight vector of characteristic variables is obtained .Then the integrative characteristic values of traffic modes are achieved by integrating the values of the characteristic variables based on the WC-OWA operator, and thus the sorting and selecting of traffic modes is realized. Finally a case shows that the model is feasible.

The maritime traffic situation is very important for the maritime safety authority to make appropriate and practical decisions. The method to appraise the maritime traffic situation affects greatly the appraisal results of real maritime traffic situation. Vessel's Automatic Identification System (AIS) contained rich ship movement information. Huge AIS within the port limit contains rich information of the real-time maritime traffic situation. Using the huge and real-time AIS information, this paper probed into the novel and practical method to appraise the maritime traffic situation. The comprehensive spatial and temporal distributions of change rate of ship's course and speed and ship encounter indicated the real-time maritime traffic situation area and their development trend in the given water. This method was applied to analyze of marine traffic situations of Xiamen bay and proved to be practical and useful to provide advices for marine traffic decision-making and management of marine authorities.

With the increasing demand for transportation, more low speed large-scale trucks get into expressway and force the following vehicles to decelerate, which leads to an inefficient traffic flow. In view of this, this paper attempts to determine, based on the traffic flow wave theory, the state changes of traffic flow caused by on-road large-scale trucks, through a quantitative analysis of the relationships among the length of lane occupied by large-scale trucks, the jamming time, and the blocked vehicles, indicates the extent to which the on-road trucks affect the traffic flow, and finally points out the importance of a clear division of large-scale truck lanes, the importance of the expressway minimum speed and that of the limited expressway truck proportion, with an aim to provide the basis for expressway mixed traffic flow management.

Nine indicators is selected to establish a compatibility evaluation system between BRT and conventional bus. The synthesis adaptability degree model with nonlinear characteristic is used as well as the corresponding procedure based on the improved AHP model, which utilizes the SVD method to improve the required precision of acceptable matrix of consistency and applies distance and approach degree to detect and amend the significant element in expert evaluation matrix. The compatibility evaluation between BRT and conventional bus in North Park Street, Jinan city, Shandong Province, provides a reference tool for further official sustainable development decision-making of urban and transportation system.

The option of toll road is observably influential on the results of road-based congestion charging. This paper adopts C-means clustering algorithm based on interval fuzzy numbers to confirm the roads charged collection in transport network. Firstly, the C-means clustering algorithm is used to classify the paths, and gain the optimum number of categories according to the traffic index values in rush hour. Then the social welfare of each category of toll road is calculated respectively by the model of congestion pricing. The road set with maximum social welfare is charging group. The rational option of toll road is meaningful for improving social welfare and effect of road charging.

Ship routing problem in liner transport not only refers to operating security of the shipping companies and the optimal allocation of resources, but also directly relates to its economic benefits and the status in competition. For the purpose of the minimum operating costs, we are trying to plan and deploy the ship resources rationally to satisfy all customer demand. Therefore, we establish the mixed integer linear programming model which involves travelling cost, time cost of waiting for service and opportunity cost of delay service. We use the immune genetic algorithm to solve the model and conduct a computational research. Finally, we analyze the sensitivity of the algorithm.

The forecasting of accurate short-term traffic flow is the key issue in intelligent transportation systems(ITS), and it is also an important prerequisite of real-time traffic signal control, traffic assignment, route guidance, incident detection, ect. In this paper, a SFLA-SVR forecasting model of short-term traffic flow is proposed combining with the support vector regression(SVR) and shuffled frog-leaping algorithm(SFLA), due to the features of nonlinearity, complexity and randomicity of short-term traffic flow. Support vector regression(SVR) has been successfully employed to solve regression problem of nonlinearity and small sample, but it is very crucial to select appropriate parameters of learning accuracy and generalization performance of SVR, then, shuffled frog-leaping algorithm(SFLA) is used to determine free parameters of support vector regression. Two adjacent intersections of the typical urban road network are selected for the study object, the experimental results demonstrate that SFLA-SVR outperforms the BP neural-network model in prediction accuracy.

With the rapid development of economy, time of urban residents constantly became more and more valuable, as a key indicator of service performance, travel time reliability has become increasingly important in today's world as businesses as well as households require on-time transportation for their activities, especially for public transport system. In order to reflect the traveler's satisfaction degree on bus operating service and route travel time, this paper redefined the bus route perceived travel time and travel time reliability according to traveler's psychological characteristics, and put forward the travel time reliability modal. Monte Carlo arithmetic is used to estimate the boundary of travel time reliability for heterogeneous risk averse travelers depart off at different time. The proposed travel time reliability not only reveals the service quality of the bus route for bus operation managers, but also provide decision-making basis for travelers to arrange their travel plan. At last, the case study is performed by a typical bus route in Nanjing.

The user equilibrium in traffic network is the result of users' competition and path distance, travel time and reliability are major factors that travelers consider when selecting paths. In the paper, from the point of view of users, the intrinsic cause of the change of path travel time is analyzed, the disutility function expression based on late arrival penalty factor is put forward, a user equilibrium assignment model built on risk preference is set up, and the equivalent of equilibrium conditions: variational inequality and its corresponding algorithm are offered as well. In the end the model is tested in a small-scale network, sensitivity analysis of the parameters is offered and rationality of the model and utility of the algorithm are proved by the outcome of a numerical experiment.

Origin-destination (OD) trip matrices can provide traffic patterns that are crucial for transportation planning and traffic operational analysis. This paper applies an operational based platform for conducting capacity constrained OD estimation. It is tested on a 13-mile freeway section of state highway in California with an exclusive HOV lane, truck restricted lane, and mixed SOV/HOV/truck lane. Based on seed matrices created by TransCAD ODME, the observed traffic datasets including automatic traffic recorder (ATR) on highways, turning counts at on- or off-ramps are fed into Paramics estimator for OD estimation. A hybrid approach is taken to iteratively train the OD matrices with multiple vehicle classes. Later, the estimated OD tables are checked in the simulation model to evaluate their accuracy. The close match between the simulated flow and the observed traffic attests to the superior performance of this proposed method for OD estimation.

Shared-use path reflects an effective mode of non-motorized traffic management. But there is lack of theoretical support to select the plan and design parameters, lack of a quantitative method to evaluate the traffic flow state of shared-use path. This paper proposes developing a multi-scale and multi-neighborhood-rule cellular automaton model to evaluate pedestrian-bicycle mixed traffics on the shared-use path beside streets. Here, a mixed traffic flow cellular automaton model has developed considering the difference of the geometric dimensions, status value and of neighborhood definition of bicycle-cell and pedestrian-cell. This model describes nicely the hindrance of bike and pedestrian. It is convenient to obtain evaluation parameters of traffic flow status like as hindrance probability, to provide a reliable theoretical basis to calculate the service level of traffic facilities.

Application of Intelligent Decision Support System (IDSS) in urban roadway traffic management is studied, and four parts are addressed in order to create a viable and useful decision-support system. Firstly, the implementation framework of Road Traffic Intelligent Decision Support System (RTIDSS) is put forward, more then; the model base, data base and method base are described in detail. Here, the data base of RTIDSS is developed based on Integrated Traffic Information Platform, which has the function of information collecting, processing, communication and information sharing. In the third part, with the knowledge of traffic engineering, especially traffic flow theories, traffic model base of RTIDSS is presented. And in the last the paper takes into account general strategies in urban expressway management such as road traffic monitoring, traffic signal control, ramp metering, variable traffic information guidance and incident management. The aim of the development of RTIDSS is to improve transportation efficiency and realize the intelligent management of urban roadway traffic.

Chengdu Metro, as the first joint venture of Railways Ministry and the Chengdu Municipal Government, the project itself is a major system and mechanism innovation which sets the precedent for the cooperation on the construction and operation of Metro between railway ministry and local government. This paper put forward suggestions about the options of Chengdu Metro investment and financing, business models, the integration of investment, construction and operation management on the basis of domestic and international rail traffic management system. By the introduction of the concept of the timeliness and quality which is based on the Entropy theory, the conclusion that Chengdu Metro should adhere to the flat structure strategy is draw from a comparative analysis of the degree of order between tower structure and the flat structure.

Shortest path problem is a basic problem in the research of combinatorial optimization. The transportation network is time-varying and stochastic affected by traffic, weather and other factors. The paper built a model for stochastic time-varying shortest path problem and proposed an algorithm to solve this problem. After discussing the complexity of the algorithm, and a case study is given.

This article investigated the stated-preferences in downtown Nanjing of travelers choice of trip mode and parking behavior under different parking charging standard, discussed the sensitivity of parkers to parking fees and the possibility of choosing an alternative parking lot nearby instead of the original one by different level of parking price to make a better distribution of parking demand and reduce the traffic pressure of its influence area.

Staggered Work Hours is one of the important measures of traffic demand management. The motivation and basic principles are analyzed. Implementation of Staggered Work Hours should satisfy three basic conditions: firstly, there exists obvious peak period of travel demand, second, the flow of road traffic or public transport also have significant peaks, third, during the peak period, either road traffic or public transport is very crowded. As an example, the traffic applicability of Staggered Work Hours in the City of Guangzhou is analyzed through relevant statistics and surveys. Peak period of travel demand is obvious, bus and metro are both crowded during the peak hours. But on the contrary, the variation of road flow and speed is not obvious in downtown area, traffic operation is under high load condition during daytime. Other characteristics, such as travel distance and time changes of residents, spatial distribution of traffic congestion, and the occupational structure are also considered. In the end, a conclusion is made that in the short term, Staggered Work Hours will have positive impact on public transport condition, but bring little improvement on road condition. It's suggested that measures of Staggered Work Hours can be implemented originally within a small scope of residents, and gradually adjust according to the effects.

During the rapid development of urbanization, many huge cities are in the sensitive period that adjustment of urban spatial structure should be brought about with transport. Through dissecting Shanghai URT's development process, the interaction between URT and urban spatial structure is focused on in this paper. On the one hand, URT and urban spatial development form are mutual restricted; on the other hand, URT will promote the benign development of urban space, to form a layout of bead-shaped radial axis, and to avoid the negative overspread of a "pie-type" mode. For the oversize cities (such as Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, etc) with strong economic power, after completing of URT' network layout in central areas, traditional mindset of transport planning should be changed, and the mode of TOD (Transit Oriented Development) should be adopt, thereby to achieve the object of coordinate development between a URT's network and a urban spatial structure in a city.

Applying the automatic store content ark principle, every parking space is considered as a separate storage, the parking lot is regarded as a complete system, the process of the driver save/take the car is regarded as the process of saving/taking the goods, and combining the best parking model, this paper proposes the parking lots guidance information system based on the automatic parking guidance system.. Based on distributing the free parking spot into the weighted directed graph, this paper calculates the shortest path with the ant colony algorithm, and offers sample designs of the parking space guidance system.

Development and programming of roads in cities has been highly saturated, but growing vehicles still make a huge pressure on urban transportation. The congestion pricing strategy can improve the structure of urban transportation and balance the traffic flow between O-D. Causes of congestion and basic principles and models of congestion pricing are analyzed in this paper, which shows its importance on the optimization of traffic management, resource utilization and economic development.

Ship waves are essential in three-dimensional simulation of ship navigation. But previous simulation-drivers don't have this module. This article uses the Kelvin arithmetic as the core algorithm of particles system simulation, builds the particles system model by OpenGL, and embeds the OpenGL statements to the OpenSceneGraph(OSG), to achieve ship waves simulation based on OSG.

The development of urban rail transit is a cause which should need huge investment. The current Chinese urban rail transit infrastructure is mainly manifested as an act of government investment. If inappropriately, it will not only cause a huge waste of money and a heavy financial burden upon the government, but also can be more likely to lead to a serious imbalance of the allocation of resources, so as to undermine the coordinated development of economic sectors, block social progress. From the perspective of sustainable urban development, the problems between the current urban rail transit and regional economic development was analyzed so as to reveal the relationship between the urban rail transit and regional economic development. The results show that the correct understanding of the economic construction of urban rail transit properties, promote and coordinate the relationship between the urban rail transit planning and economic development, can make China's urban rail transit construction and regional economic coordinated development realize.

As regard to the big shortcoming of the present theory and method system of comprehensive network,which is hard to be improved by partial revise or remedy, it trys to establish a new sort of theory and method system. The thinking of the establishment is based on the value flow theory in the pursuit of maximal interest for society and economy.It builds the platform in which different ways of transport are composited from the prospect of economy and research for the theory and method of the comprehensive transport network planning is also based on this.The main content includes several points as follows:to seek the plane shortest connected route by testing Fermat point to increase the amount as well as adopting multipal algorithm,to ensure the elementary traffic network and elementary transport flow by the shortest transport route according to the distribution of transport demand, to describe the technological and economic character according to the corridor transport flow,to choose the way of transport or a combination of several ways of transport so as to form the preliminary program in planning a comprehensive transport pattern,to revise the preliminary transport network pattern in whole consideration of construction investment,opportunity of land and transport expenses so that a theory network system can come into exist,to improve the storage structure and increment structure and do research on practical theory network system.

Optimal order of placing- in and taking- out of wagons is favor of reducing wagons non-productivity time in station, accelerating wagons turnaround,raising efficiency of wagons. In order to solve the order of placing- in and taking- out of wagons of through wagons,this paper adopts symbolic coding,proposing a chromosome presentation by random permutation,designing fitness function by minimizing the time of wagon's transfer time according to the analysis of characteristics of the operations on placing- in and taking- out of wagons in actinoid private line.And it realizes the genetic algorithm for the problem.The algorithm applies to solve problems like that. Combined with an example, the results illustrate that this algorithm can find the optimal or nearly optimal solution to the placing- in and taking- out of wagons in actinoid private line problem effectively.

From the view of economics, ticket speculation phenomena from the economic management and sales system defects, reveals train ticket selling institutions are not only inefficient but also in favor of ticket scalper. As rules of conduct for regulate trading activities between the railway authorities and passenger, real-name system for train ticket is a re-arrangement to the existing ticket system, the result of institutional change and the important measure for eradication the ticket speculation phenomena and improve the efficiency of ticket sales. In view of the overall efficiency of ticket sales is codetermined by supply and demand, ticket speculation and sales. From the economic perspective, based on the analysis the ticket supply and demand in different periods and the profit space of ticker scalper, this paper carries out feasibility demonstration to the real-name system reform. Through benefit evaluation, the contact and impact with supply and demand, ticket speculation and sales are summarized. It expounds the feasibility and necessity of the real-name system in our country.

The evaluation of transportation accessibility is of significant importance to the research of regional transportation systems and economical structures. This paper, measures one of the most developed regions in China with a heavily-loaded traffic network, the Yangtze River Delta. Based on the weighted mean travel time and gravity model, this paper discusses respectively the accessibility of railway transport network and highway transport network. It then evaluates the surface transportation accessibility as a whole. To the end, this paper analyses the potential effects of Yangtze River Delta's transportation planning.

Railway transportation has strict constraint for the pick-up time of goods in motor-rail multimodal transportation, logistics center also doesn t hope the goods arrive prematurely since it will cause additional storage fee. It is important to optimize the vehicle-routing of the goods transportation to ensure the pick-up and delivery of all goods can be finished within the deadline. This paper introduces time window concept, and puts forward the vehicle routing problem under the condition of motor-rail multimodal transportation, and establishes the optimization mode that the upper bound is hard time window limitation, while the lower limit is soft. So the residual-loading-capacity concept is defined, taking it as a constraint whether that of each task can meet its requirement for the goods transportation. A modified C-W algorithm is designed to solve the model. the empirical analysis confirm that the proposed model and algorithm can solve goods operations with pick-up and delivery at the same time and its extension problem.

On November 26, 2009, the Chinese government announced that by 2020, China's carbon dioxide emissions (CDE) per unit of GDP will be reduced by 40–45% from the 2005 level. In order to meet this target, it is necessary for the transport sector to substantially contribute to the reduction of CDE. So a strong focus on policies in a modal shift from road to rail for inland transport of international container (ITOIC) should be implemented, which is believed as a promising means to alleviate the ever increasing pressure of road freight transports on CDE. And the basic work is to identify what major factors will significantly influence the modal choice in ITOIC. The paper is aim to answer this question for simplifying the modal choice analysis. The influence factor analysis is conducted based on Revealed Preference/Stated Preference (RP/SP) Survey for Yiwu international container shippers. Considering the technology economic characteristic of road and rail and cargo features of international container, the factors influencing modal choice are analyzed and selected using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method with Statistic Package for Social Science (SPSS). In the process, the primary-secondary and association relationship of inter-factors is also distinguished, which provide a basis for further quantitative analysis and decision making. The visual and succinct selected factors can rationally and effectively reflect the modal choice for the international container shippers. Meanwhile, it is the foundation of developing a reasonable policy to prompt the modal shift from road to rail for ITOIC.

Port Logistics Park is a complex dynamic stochastic system. It consists of berths, container, ship, yard, cranes, transportation machinery, roads, parking areas, vehicles, staff and other elements which constraints and interacts with each other. Each of the operations within the port logistics park has the characteristics of discrete random. The ship arrival time, vehicle service time, facilities service time are all random and dynamic. Therefore, such a system is difficult to describe and evaluate by using conventionally single mathematical model. In this thesis, using Arena simulation software combined with loading and unloading system in port Logistics Park. Established model of loading and unloading operations and set the parameters related, in order to simulate the loading and unloading system of the port logistics park. By analyzing the simulation results, to adjust the parameters so that the waiting time and quantities are lower and the utilization rates of facilities are at a high level. At the same time, the total cost of the system is the lowest. The final objective is to work out the optimal loading and unloading system.

It's difficult for jobshop to adopt scheduling method which based on mathmatics algorithms for complicatity of manufacturing systems. According to the above characteristics, a realiztion theorem that a production scheduling method based on interactive simulation and expert system is brought up. Secondly, it achieved an expert knowledge collection method based on interactive simulation, and put forward reasoning machine of scheduling expert and realization method of interpretation mechanism. Finally, to the background of a certain production cell, it illustrates what mentioned about realization theorem and techinical method. Compared to artifical scheduling based on experices, based on expert system scheduling stragety has enhanced evidently on optimization of production goals.

Paper studied on that evaluation of the Intersection status by applying the capacity of the linking sections of the intersection. By detecting the in cars and out cars, we can know the car`s amount on the sections. To delimit the amount is the capacity of the sections. We can get the average space headway by using the length and the capacity of the sections. We will build on the relationship of the capacity and velocity by using the relationship of space headway and velocity. Finally we can determine the evaluation of the sections and the evaluation of the intersection status.

Factor analysis of the survey data found that perceptions service quality of taxi passengers could be divided into five dimensions: tangibles, assurance, reliability, responsiveness and empathy. In this paper, the author gets the weights of evaluation indexes with factor analysis, and calculates the taxi service quality from five dimensions with weighted SEVERPERE. Based on the survey of taxi service quality in Hangzhou, we find that the value of taxi service quality assurance, tangibles, responsiveness, empathy, and reliability reduce successively. The negative value of responsiveness, empathy and reliability indicates that the safety of taxi service facilities, personalized service and emergency response capabilities cannot meet the requirements of passengers.

The matching of urban denizens' trip structure and transportation structure is the precondition to promote its orderly development. Considering the whole trip process, this paper also constitutes the whole modes public trip time value function and then with the help of equal time point, the author establishes the equal time point function and then designs the algorithm. The example shows that this model can optimize urban comprehensive public transportation network and it can improve the service level under the condition that transit network density increases.

The study points out that: 1)the capacity of urban road network - and rail transit system are important factors that influence the employment density and commuters scale in CBD; 2) restricted by limited land resources and increased travel cost, the capacity of urban road network and parking lots will be expected to approach a limit, resulting in a definite upper limit of non-transit work trip density in CBD; 3) there is a significantly positive correlation of employment density in CBD with transit work trip density and its market share, illustrating that only mass transit system can sustain higher employment density in CBD with the advantage of saving land resources and expanding capacity.

Existing road network evaluation methods have shortcomings to delineate the topology of the network. This paper uses dual approach to analyze the topology of the road network. To use the approach, stroke is introduced as the basis of the network and its abstracting principles are presented. Based on the principle of direction continuity, a program is designed to automatically decompose the road network into linear strokes. Then concentration degree is proposed as an indicator to quantify the centralization of road network. Its calculation method is presented. Finally, an application demonstrates the use of the indicator. The results suggest its practical benefits to quantitatively evaluate road network.

Motivated by the importance of commuter behavior analysis this study intended to determine the roles of individual, household, housing and location area related characteristics on commute length choice behavior in a developing country context. The main objective of this paper is to find out who are the long, medium and short commuters and what characteristics and attributes contribute to the choice of commute length. An ordered-response probit model was developed with commute length choice of the commuter as endogenous variable. The research results provide useful insights into the effects of individual/household sociodemographics, housing and location characteristics on commuters' commute length choice in a highly urbanized environment in a developing country. This study also has important applications for predicting the changes in commuters' commute length choice as a result of the changes in sociodemographics and transportation scenarios. And analyzing the restrictions and preferences that lead an individual to be a particular type of commuters would help for making better policies to provide mobility options and job accessibility for different commuter segments.

With the rapid development of Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) in urban area, many residential communities are construction near or around the main stations of the MRT. These residential communities are said to Transit Oriented Development (TOD) community. The parking demand and place planning in TOD community is different to traditional community since their different land-use principal and mode. Analysising the main factors which influence the parking demand of TOD communities, combine with the land-use mode in TOD communities and a forecast model of shared parking for parking demand is proposed to TOD community in urban area. Based on this model, a method is presented to calculate parking lots in TOD district. Finally, a sample is used to identify this model and calculate method in a TOD planning project.

The study on the program of road intersection improvements is important for intersections are the bottleneck of urban traffic. Wengang Road - Jianjun Road crossing is an important intersection in Yancheng. Among them, Jianjun Road is an east-west main road, and there is a large number of motor vehicle traffic on it. Wengang Road is a north-south trunk road, many large-scale freight trucks go through the road. Therefore, there are heavy and frequent traffic in this road intersection and traffic disorder is brought out. To address the traffic problem on this intersection, we apply single signalized intersection traffic signal control theory as the basis, use urban roads organization and road intersection signal timing method, to study the improvements of this intersection. we achieve two projects of improvement. With analysis and evaluate, and we choose a better one at the end.

According to the characteristic of bus regional scheduling optimization problem, the multi-objective optimization model with the minimization of the total number of vehicles and the total vehicle idle running time as objects was established, considering time window, the driver and vehicle limits on constraints. And the improved genetic algorithm was developed to solve the model. Actual application shows that the model and algorithm can quickly obtain the satisfactory solution of bus regional scheduling optimization scheme, which being worthy of popularizing.

Two-wheeled traffic (referring to electric bikes and regular bikes in this paper) plays an important role in urban transport system of China. Their safety problems have become an issue of increasing public concern in recent years. Red light running (RLR) is one kind of frequent and highly dangerous behaviors for two-wheeled riders. The primary purpose of this research was to better understand this risky behavior using the planned behavior (TPB) framework. A questionnaire based on TPB approach, which measures two-wheeled riders' intentions to cross against red light in different situations, their attitude towards the behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, risk perception, utility perception and self-identity, was administered to 232 respondents. It was found that male riders had stronger RLR intentions than the females, and those riders who reported having an accident in the past three years also reported higher RLR intentions. A predictive model including traditional TPB variables, extended TPB variables and demographic measures could explain 33.3% of the variance in RLR intention. Subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, utility perception, self-identity, and gender all emerged as significant predictors. Finally, practical implications for these results were discussed.

Speeding is regarded as the main factors causing traffic accidents. A questionnaire study was conducted with speeding behaviors in Beijing to help understand the attitude, subjective norm, perceive behavioral control and intentions using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The direct and indirect factors involved in self-reported speeding behaviors are examined. Perceived behavioral control appears to be the best direct predictor of self-reported speeding behavior. Subjective norms and intentions have weaker direct links with speeding behavior. Past speeding experience is the obvious factor which greatly effects the attitudes, subjective norms, perceive behavioral control and intentions of the speeding behaviors. Subsequently, some advice on the avoiding of speeding behavior is suggested by increasing the traffic safety awareness of traffic participants, improving road safety design, consummating road infrastructures, and strengthening law enforcement strategies.

Although both the government and the firms are concerning about the development of cyclic economy for highway projects construction, the conflict of rational choice between the government and the firm appears due to both parties' different interests. This paper introduces the theory of the games of incomplete information to analyze their strategy profile and action. According to the establishment of Nash equilibrium under different conditions, it indicates clearly that the most effective measures to make sure the firms to develop the cyclic economy is that the government should strengthen penalties and increase supervising efficiency as well as provide technology support.

With the vehicle fleet continues to increase, the traffic problem is becoming worse and more complex. Traffic congestion also brings great inconvenience to the normal life. In order to solve these problems, many domestic cities began to learn traffic calming from foreign countries. Traffic calming means a combination of a series of measures with the purpose of reducing the negative effects caused by the use of motor vehicles, changing the driving behavior, and improving the street environment for non-motorized users. The theory and practice of traffic calming in foreign countries are relatively mature, but the domestic cities have not achieved the desired results in applications. Combining with the domestic situation, this paper summarized the current main measures of traffic calming at home and abroad, then discussed the design, advantages and disadvantages, application conditions of several commonly used measures, and gave some relative advices. This paper is of certain guidance significance to the domestic study and engineering application.

In the first a transit network representation and some useful concepts are introduced. Also, an actual link cost function of transit network is defined. Then, a minimization problem is formulated which yields a SUE assignment with elastic transit demand and bottlenecks model for public transport network. The solution algorithm for the model given in the first is proposed. A example is used to illustrate the applications of the SUE transit assignment model.

The supply-demand balance of the urban traffic mode structure means that the urban traffic mode structure should accord with sustainable development. That is, if the resources of the city permit, various modes of transportation in the whole transportation system should cooperate with each other, so that the traffic demand can be met, and people can reach destinations on time, safely, expediently, comfortably, and with the least time and money, and the total impact on environment caused by vehicles and transportation load in the system can be minimized. According to the traffic survey data of Nanchang, this paper establishes the efficiency optimization model of coordinated transportation based on sustainable development. And we, depending on the result of the model optimization, analyze the problem of the current traffic mode structure in Nanchang. Finally, we put forward related optimization solutions.

As an important method of information acquisition of intelligent transportation system, the difficult skill of license plate identification is license plate location, which affects the accuracy of the identification. In this system, a dot-matrix detector method, different from traditional method of image acquisition, is used for detecting vehicle license plate location. The method saves a lot of computing time and reduces the background interference for follow-up algorithm, and increases recognition accuracy of the system.

Based on the adaptive random testing algorithm which the data get difficult for the shortcomings. So quoting the floating vehicle systems, to related the traffic data obtained, including accurate vehicle speed, road development time and other parameters, and through the establishment of stochastic test models, the floating vehicle system and self-Adapted organic combination of test algorithm, and written with Matlab algorithm for adaptive random testing as a verification tool, the traffic parameters are analyzed for validation, to find the optimal path between the two purposes.

Performance of Parking Guidance and Information System (PGIS) is affected greatly by the demarcation of traffic control area. This research work relies on analyzing with real-time data of Shangcheng district. The methodology followed here is first to extract temporal and spatial characteristics of parking facilities by means of statistical methods. Then we analyze the correlation of parking lots with the characteristics. Lastly the demarcation of control area is proposed with the correlations, which makes the design of PGIS more reasonable.

Adopting the manner of questionnaire survey relief supply transport vehicles at Wide Highway toll-gate, sampling survey of the information of relief supply such as the relief goods categories, the vehicles' origin and destination, etc. which transported by highway through the export of Mianyang south, Mianyang north station to the worst-hit areas such as Jiangyou, Beichuan, Anxian during June and December, 2008, combining the records data of relief goods transport vehicles collected in highway toll database from Wide Highway Company, finally get the relief goods categories varying with time according the survey, divide the relief supplies demand of Wenchuan Earthquake into three stages: Rescue, resettlement, reconstruction. Finally, analysis the uncoordinated adaptation problems on supply and demand which existing in various stages, and proposed adaptation measures for future major natural disaster relief materials so as to improve transport security of supply and demand.

Public transit has integrated relationship with urban form. Transit Oriented Development (TOD) plays a critical role in planning city scale, special structure and city development. Meanwhile, the urban form will affect the operational conditions of public transit as well as its growth in later stage. This paper aims at analyzing the relationship and interactions between public transit system and urban form evolvement. Through some major indexes such as public transit growth, operational profits and urban form expansion, then the principal component analysis is proposed, thus converting a series of linear combination of factors into a few independent factors. The ranking variables are brought in the analysis to indicate the advancement. In order to define the level of comparability of public transit and urban form, the new index was created based on membership function in fuzzy mathematic to quantify how those two factors support each other during the development process. Eventually a real case study was established at Shenzhen city to demonstrate the evaluation process of the proposed method.

Along with the development of cities, growing contradictions between urban and environment is inevitable. The greenway system, having functions both of traffic and ecology, is becoming a new significant direction in the development of urban transport. This article based on the traffic demand forecasting method of activity theory and combined with the concept of trip mode chain, the disaggregate model of the split of trip modes is constructed, and the traffic volume and rates in greenway network are forecasted, and then the demand size of green way system are calculated. Based on the data of residential trip survey in Chengdu in 2009, applying the mode above, the greenway network size is calculated. By this paper, an outstanding theoretical foundation to build a comprehensive and multi-level green way network for Chengdu building "the world modern garden city" is laid, having a great significance.

In view of the fact that the road capacity drops obviously near the lane reduction bottleneck, we propose two traffic cellular automata models around the merging point under two different traffic management measures. One is the control scheme of first-arrive and first-in, the other is the periodic control scheme. Using the open boundary condition, the numerical simulations are performed. The flux, density distribution and the evolution time from congested state to free state under different entering probability, deceleration zone length and periods are obtained. The comparisons indicate that whether the traffic management measures are chosen properly or not is closely related to entering probability, deceleration zone length and period. These conclusions have a significant reference value for the reduction of traffic jams near the bottlenecks.

UTCS(Urban Traffic Control System) and UTGS(Urban Traffic Guidance System) are two main subsystems of traffic management system. In this paper, traffic optimal control model and quasi-system optimal dynamic traffic assignment model are used. Then, the dynamic cooperation optimizes the results alternatively until the results are fitted to both UTCS and UTGS. In the process of dynamic cooperation, one guidance cycle consists two close control cycles, using the second control cycle parameters to calculate the next guidance cycle parameters, this cooperation can ensure UTCS and UTGS follow the real-time traffic flow dynamically. It also ensures UTGS strategy continuity and dynamic cooperation of UTCS with UTGS. The simulation result proved that the dynamic cooperation in this paper is practical and feasible. The study provides theory and method guide for real cooperation of UTCS with UTGS application system development.

In comprehensive transportation network planning, the precondition of network layout is to analyze the regional collecting and distributing transportation nodes. When dividing nodes into levels with importance degree, in addition to the comprehensive social and economic indexes and total volume of transportation, the characteristics of the volume of the different destinations of passengers and cargoes should be considered. Cluster nodes having the same transport attribute, thus constructing the comprehensive transportation network according to the hiberarchy and the demand property of nodes. Considering the transport orientation characteristics, the improved ant colony optimization algorithm is applied to nodes clustering analysis. The flow chart of processing is given with an example, which will lay a foundation for the formation of the comprehensive transportation network.

In order to grasp the Situation of the coordinated development between urban comprehensive traffic system and economic system, this paper establishes evaluation system of their coordinated development, and constructs evaluation model of their coordinated development based on the methods of Principal Component and Fuzzy Mathematics. Then, the evaluation model is verified by the actual data of comprehensive traffic system and economic system of Shenyang City in 1980-2008, which shows that the evaluation method is feasible. The results show that: The evolution of relationship between comprehensive traffic system and economic system in Shenyang is divided into three phases: (1)comprehensive traffic lagged behind economic development before the 1980s; (2)Early 80s to 2005, coordination-level between urban comprehensive traffic system and economic system was increasing by adding the input of comprehensive traffic; (3)the coordination-level decreased since 2006. Based on the above analysis, this paper promotes some policy suggestion for the coordinated development of comprehensive traffic system and economic system in Shenyang.

Air traffic management plays a significant role in modern air transportation system, in case of emergency rescue, its emergency response ability directly determined the system's efficacy of the stricken area. This paper studied the classification of air traffic emergency response, according to the air traffic management rule of Civil Aviation Administration of China and its work situation, established an evaluation index system of the transferring controller handoff by utilizing the Delphi method. Through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive assessment, calculated the weight of each index, and established the airspace transfer gray incidence decision model of multiple-attribute. On this base, evaluated the vicinal region of one airspace of our country. And depend on the simulation analysis by the system of "air traffic flow evaluation based on the aircraft circulation simulation", proved the result is reasonable and feasible, then, formulated the emergency response of transferring controller handoff scenario of this region. This method can primly reflect the ability of transferring controller handoff successor, and have high theoretic value and extensive application. Therefore, it provides a credible background for air traffic bureau to enact the emergency response airspace handover scenario.

This paper presents a modified paired combinatorial Logit route choice model that takes the advantages of both Probit and Logit models to produce more reasonable flow prediction with close-form probabilities that can be easily calculated. To better account for the observation error of the model, parameters are calculated basing that the variance of impendence is related to the measured travel time. The concept of stochastic equivalent impendence is proposed to calculate the utility of each route pair and Clark's approximation for normal distribution is used to compute the equivalent impendence. The proposed equivalence concept also eliminates the need of computing similarity index as shown in most modified Logit model. Two numerical tests on the well-known examples show that the proposed model is more close to Probit model than original PCL model with reasonable errors.

This paper firstly analyses the system of comprehensive transportation and district economy using system dynamics model, and determines the system boundary, elements of the system and their relationship. Then a system-dynamics based model for the interaction between comprehensive transportation system and district economy is proposed according to the relationship among the system elements. Finally, the proposed model is applied to quantitatively analyze the trend of the major variables affecting Dalian's and Liaoning's economy, and the interaction between Dalian comprehensive transportation system and district economy of Dalian City and Liaoning Province. The results show that the proposed model can offer correlative guidance for government department.

Analyzed the development of regional logistics of the cities in the Central Plains urban agglomeration by using nonlinear principal component analysis, the original evaluation index was replaced by the comprehensive principal components index and the model was built. Evaluated the competitiveness of the regional logistics of the cities in the Central Plains urban agglomeration by using this method, the results of calculation was coincided with the reality by empirical evaluation, which proved that the index system and method was scientific and practical.

Reasonable designed guidance information of public transport can scientifically guide travelers, optimize the trip of public transport travelers, and improve the whole public transportation system service level. Based on the guidance information has transmission in the whole trip process and public transport system, in view of the information demands of public transport travelers, analyze the relationship between transfer guidance information and the dynamic trip process of travelers. After that, the public transport traveler oriented transfer guidance information frame is established. Then based on survey date, analyze the traveler guidance information demands characteristics, a typical guidance information model is established, including one transfer, design principle, release strategies and information contents. Considering the humanized demands of travelers to design the transfer guidance information, hope to lay a theoretic platform for guidance information designing and programming, to rich and supplement the information design methods in the angle of information transfer.

Congestion is everywhere. It arises in human activities of all kinds, and its consequences are usually negative. Peak demands for goods and services often exceed the rate at which that demand can be met, creating delay. That delay can take the form of supermarket check-out lines, and long waits for a table at a popular restaurant. Automobile congestion has myriad impacts, from wasted fuel and added emissions to frayed nerves, more expensive goods, and elevated crash rates. Its clearest impact is delay, or lost time. Baghdad city experienced severe traffic congestion. Especially in the present few years, and this normal in the absence of any modern techniques and traffic management studies to relive or alleviate some of the adverse consequences of congestion mentioned above. In the present research a public questionnaire were made for an educational staff in one of Baghdad universities, some important questions were involved in this questionnaire like the presence of congestion places, time spent in the street, the possible reasons for traffic congestion, the volubility of building new interchanges and tunnels in Baghdad at specific locations, and the recommended remedies and solution for this problem. The analysis of answers shows some important points as follows: the grater participant factor in traffic congestion from their point of view is the military check points that separated over the whole city (i.e. Baghdad), and then the blocking and narrowing of many streets in the capital for safety precautions near governmental institutions, in addition to above reasons the huge increase in the number of cars in Iraq and especially in Baghdad City after the war in 2003. The main solutions suggested by the sample were concentrating on removing or reducing from these check points and reopening the closed streets and bridges.

With the improvement of the first-tier city's subway network line, the transfer becomes complicated increasingly, it is necessary to provide a best travel program for subway passengers to travel between two nodes. This reference proposes the shortest routing optimization model of subway travel aiming at reducing passenger travel time as much as possible, by consulting the best path algorithm of the public transport system. In this model, the paper takes Guangzhou Metro line network as study object, taking the process of passenger travel and transfer factor into account. Adopting an improved Dijkstra algorithm, and then propose the best travel programs of the network between any two nodes.

Based on past study, this paper analyzes the connotation of regional bus scheduling planning problem, introduces time-space network. And based on the time-space network, it attempts to build a regional bus scheduling planning model, which enables bus dispatching with minimum vehicles and deadhead cost, decomposes the problem by time and space, reduces the difficulty of computation, and utilizes tabu search for ideas to improve the algorithm, and verifies the model and algorithm through examples.

This paper proposes the concept of functional matching degree based on the coincide degree between the actual function and the planning function of road links. According to the separated-stream characteristics of modal split, distance distribution (short, medium, and long-distance travel ratio) and the average speed, the hierarchy quantitative analysis and research of the functional matching degree of links is given in this paper. And on the principle of system aggregate, the computing model of the total network's functional matching degree is derived from the functional matching degrees of all links. On this basis, this paper presents the ideas for extracting the necessary separating stream characteristics of functional matching analysis. Finally, the computing method of functional matching degree in distance distribution is analyzed as a case study.

Rapid urbanization features dense vehicular and pedestrian traffic in urban core, which results in more and more traffic efficiency and safety problems. In this article, we adopt an extended finite-grid cellular automaton model to study the dynamic features of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts. The vehicle in our model is mainly hindered by the pedestrians in front of it, while the pedestrians will react according to different daily accustomed traffic behaviors, i.e., acceleration to avoid collision, right moving preference, and choice maintain when it is costly to cross the road, in different regions of the road. Results of numerical simulations show that the presence of vehicles has made the mixed traffic system unstable and increases the probability of transiting from free flow to perfect stop. A stochastic meta-stable state along with a probabilistic nature is found between the free flow and the perfect stop phase.

In order to analyze the influence of road factors on driving reliability in rainfall environment, method of Principal Component Analysis is used to obtain predominant indexes of road based on analyzing relevant road parameters that consist of friction coefficient, roughness, road condition, water-film thickness, and road alignment. Results of case studies show that the method can effectually transform multitudinous indexes with linear correlation in factors set of traffic safety into representative uncorrelated index, which provides a new means for quantitative analyzing holistic reliability of driver-vehicle-environment system under complicated conditions, and provides theoretical basis for analysis on driving simulation and field test.

Combine the characteristic of the channel structure of comprehensive transportation, this research has described the channel network of comprehensive transportation. The passenger's choice behave were analyzed. Integrate the travel demand and supply characteristics of the users in comprehensive transportation channel, the channel combination transport mode's utility function has been proposed based on the line attribute, and the network assignment mode of comprehensive transportation channel was given. This research has pointed out the drawback of conventional method, adopted AHP method, proposed parameter's definite method of network assignment model based on user's demand. At last, the feasibility of the mode was proved by a practical example, the passenger situation of Beijing-Tianjin -channel.

According to the concept, composition and characteristics of the BRT, analyze the functional orientation of BRT in the city's comprehensive transportation system, layout planning of BRT network in the urban traffic network, introducing a bi-level programming model to optimize the layout planning design of the BRT network and the evaluation index of the layout planning of BRT network.

The turning-back capability of urban railway station is a key factor which largely determines carrying capability of the whole subway system. The paper describes station-behind turning-back work process in detail. And the factors which infection operation time of every step is find. Then relations of the factors are neatened. The way by which the factors infect the calculation of turning-back capability is analyzed. On this basis, the calculation method with parameters converted from factors is putted forward.

Sustainable development evaluation of railway construction project is an important part of the railway construction project post evaluation, and is a multi-aspects, multi-levels, and multi-objectives complex subject which involves the social, economic, environmental and other aspects. Sustainable development of railway construction project is the construction without harming the benefit of offspring and meets our needs of capacity, and satisfies the needs of the current development. Based on the analysis of the necessity and concept to sustainable development evaluation of railway construction project, this paper establishes a multi-level evaluation index system for sustainable development evaluation of railway construction project, constructs sustainable development evaluation method based on rough set. The result shows that the method is simple which provides a viable approach on sustainable development evaluation for the rail transportation and other large construction projects.

The important Research fields in ITS include traffic flow guidance and control. To effectively guide and control the traffic flow, its status must be predicted accurately in real time. Close spatial and temporal associations exist between traffic flow of the road sections and its neighbors in the urban traffic network, traffic state multi-spot time series forecasting is more accuracy than the single ones. In this paper, a predicting model for urban region traffic status is presented by using spatial-temporal data mining technology and autoregressive moving average method. The road network topology and traffic time series datasets of some sections are considered in the predicting model. The model is based on autoregressive moving average method and spatial-temporal association rules. The traffic data from several road sections are used as the sample datasets to verify model's applicability in real time forecasting, and analyze the spatial-temporal association rules of the sections in the urban region traffic network.

TOD stands for Transit-Oriented Development, It mixed land uses of residential housing, commercial, office, public space and others within the range of 400∼800 meters around the transit stations which is pedestrian-friendly. However, the pattern of the combination of the mixed land use is not stay the same. Under different built environments and urban development patterns, It will changes accordingly. This paper is based on different types of land use, to give cluster analysis on some typical cases of TOD communities' land use types, we get different categories of TOD. The next, through comparison and summary of these categories, this paper will give reasonable land use proportion values and built variables for each of these TOD categories.

Transportation junction pattern economy is a mode of development between the style of hinge economy and corridor economy, promoting regional economic growth and depending on traffic hub's developed situations. How to make full use of medium-sized cities' traffic advantages developing regional economy is a topic that is worth lucubrating. After clearly defining the concept of transportation junction pattern economy, the paper demonstrates that improving of traffic infrastructure can greatly promote the regional industrial structure's optimization and upgrading, pull development of modern service industry as the core of the tertiary industry, promoting regional economic growth. Taking Dezhou City in Shandong Province as an example, this paper analyzes the influence of industrial structure and economic growth with the high-speed railway traffic hub.

Microcirculation transport system can improve transport service levels within the region. As the users of transport service, travelers' wishes and feelings are the key factors of evaluating the transport services. Obtaining the travel characteristics and demand of community residents, then convenient and efficient transport service systems can be designed, and Residents will be more satisfied on the trip. The travel of residents from large community in the suburbs is specificity. Through field reconnaissance, field interviews, trip characteristics and attitude of the residents' survey, obtain the information of traffic service facilities around the community and find the transport behavioral characteristics of the residents, analysis of transportation travel demand. Considering the community local road traffic organization, public transport, non-motorized traffic space, static traffic organization, proposes the design ideas and methods of microcirculation transport service system for a large community in the suburbs. Proposed design for the specific case. Provide a reference for constructing microcirculation transport service system in the community.

Many taxies often run with none or few passengers, occupying a lot of road resources. In order to improve the utilization ratio of the taxi, reduce congestion and save energy consumption, the taxi-sharing system was analyzed and studied on the following key technologies: taxi-sharing mode construction, sharing cost calculation and implement measures. The implementation of the carpool system has great realistic significance to solve urban traffic problems and realize the green transportation.

As there are many deficiencies in the methods used for bottleneck identification of transfer pedestrian route, a new method based on social force model is proposed. By taking the transfer pedestrian route as the research object, applying the basic principle of social-force model, the area where bottleneck exists is identified from the view of social force received by pedestrians. By considering both the force received by pedestrians from micro point of view and the velocity from macro point of view, this paper analyzes the social force of pedestrians in the area of bottleneck in the route. Applying the method of observation and example, the effectiveness and advancement of this bottleneck identification method is proposed.

Many unsignalized roundabouts with multi-entry-lane and multi-circulating-lane are still used in urban road of China, where the situation of traffic flow running is very complicated, and the calculation of traffic capacity of unsigalized roundabout needs further research. The fact that most entry vehicles only cross outside two circulating lanes is found by studying video data collected at the unsignalized roundabout. On the basis of gap-acceptance theory, theory model for traffic capacity of the unsignalized roundabout with multi-entry-lane and multi-circulating-lane under the multi-vehicle-type mixed traffic flow condition is established by assuming that the headway of circulating vehicles obeys M3 distribution and probability analysis. Furthermore, cross-street pedestrians and non-motor vehicles interference and vehicles on the entry lanes giving way to each other are considered to modify the model. The accuracy of this model is verified by a case study. This paper provides a method for calculating the traffic capacity of unsignalized roundabout with multi-entry-lane and multi-circulating-lane.

Waterway combined transport system(WCTS) is an important part of harbor transport chains, which can not only decrease transportation costs, but also promote energy reduction and sustainable development. So, it is bound to be a promising development form in the future. Experience indicates that for WCTS, its facilities and network construction are the foundation; good transportation organization is the safeguard; preferential policy is the motivation. The healthy development of WCTS depends on the good organization and operational management in the process of connecting system, and therefore must take connecting integration fully into account, must consider the overall logistics cost, especially the new increasing cost in the system and find out the solutions and strategies to cut the cost. In addition, a broader view of sea-river-rail(road) combined transport will help to expand the connection transportation scope of waterways. The suggestion for the development strategy of WCTS in our country is: taking the market direction as the instruction. The main ideas are "selected development area and gradual propulsion, innovative services and active development". On the other hand, the government's preferential policies and support measures can promote the starting move of major projects and built helpful market environment, which will benefit the development of WCTS too.

As the construction of China's transportation infrastructure pushes forward in a fast pace, the comprehensive passenger hub will become an important node for urban comprehensive transportation network. This paper analyzes the necessity of constructing a travel information sharing platform against the background of traffic informatization. Based on the analysis of demand, the system function of the platform is designed, alongside with the function orientation and the function structure. Then it proposes a logical structure of the sharing platform, and analyzes the whole process of the system function realization in detail, including information collecting, information processing and information publishing. The establishment of travel information sharing platform can not only improve the quality of travel service, but also optimize the allocation of transportation resources and promote the development of comprehensive transportation system.

The carrying capacity calculation of PDL stations in China now uses the method of existing line stations. However the existing method cannot completely reflect the characteristics of transportation organization of the PDL. Based on the traditional formula method, this paper analyzed the influence factors of the carrying capacity of PDL stations, calculated the receiving and departure capacity of each car yard. Then the theoretical carrying capacity of the station is calculated. Using the method mentioned above, this paper developed a Station Theoretical Carrying Capacity Calculating System, and calculated the theoretical capacity of a case. Taking into account the theoretical capacity and simulated capacity, with RailSys simulation method, this paper researches the relationship between the theoretical carrying capacity and the practical simulation carrying capacity of the PDL station.

In this paper, we will introduce a grey relational analysis-based method to evaluate level of service (LOS), which is considered to be one significant factor of the overall evaluation of comprehensive transportation hub. Passengers are the objects that the comprehensive transportation hub serves, and the services are offered by certain facilities which constitute the interface between the hub and passengers. In this paper, these facilities are defined as the passenger-oriented facilities. Aiming at evaluation of level of service of passenger-oriented facilities, an index system is built, as well as the standards of level of service. Applying grey relational analysis, this paper presents a new method for evaluation of the level of service by calculating and sorting the grey relational grade between the set of observed data from the passenger-oriented facilities based on the indexes and the reference sets from the standards. Finally, we will demonstrate how this method may be used through one example.

This paper takes research articles published in various societies and magazines in Japan during fifty years from 1960 to 2010 as subjects and makes two genealogical tables aimed at counting publishing units. Based on the mastery of previous researches, the paper analyzes and forecasts the trends of research on road landscape. Finally, one hundred and forty papers during fifty years are classified and the development history of researches on road landscape in Japan is concluded. The paper helps grasp the latest research trends and determine the necessary research methods which should be adopted when evaluating road landscape in future.

Taxi is an important component in urban transit services. Emergencies of taxi industry which are followed by adverse effects to both the industry and the society occur from time to time nowadays. Based on the taxi industry survey of three cities and three counties in Anhui Province, this paper establishes the index system that affects the stabilization of taxi industry, confirms the criteria for index quantization, develops the model for evaluating the stabilization of taxi industry by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Weighted Averages Method, and determines the threshold value of each evaluation level.

This paper first analysis Shenzhen universiade traffic demand and existing traffic, then introduces the universiade traffic service standards, expounds the traffic service operation mode, different demand management measures of implementing condition, influence and effect. Finally, it makes a detailed planning of universiade traffic organization, and puts forward traffic security events and management control measures scheme. The results are significant for the Shenzhen universiade traffic organization guarantee and traffic demand management decision.

In order to solve the problems in the aviation network in the express company, four primary aviation hubs are chose from all the aviation nodes of the company and constitute the hub-and-spoke aviation network with the secondary aviation hubs base on the volume of business, geographical location and convenient transportation comprehensively. According to the timeliness demand of the express and the types of the air freighters, the mathematic model is established with the constraint of the soft time windows and the minimum transportation cost of the system as the objective function. It is a multistage and dynamic decision problem with multivariate, so it is difficult to obtain the optimum solution only once. Therefore it is simplified and solved with the greedy algorithm and Ant Colony Optimization synthetically to optimize the distribution of the air freighters in the primary aviation hubs.

At present,there have been many research papers on the traffic benefit of regional express railway (RER) ,however few is about the analysis and evaluation of its comprehensive benefits. This article makes the analysis and evaluation on the comprehensive benefits of RER from three aspects which are economy, transit and society. This paper also has established a comprehensive evaluation index system and evaluation model,using qualitative and quantitative method to analyze each index.And it also analyzes and evaluates the comprehensive benefits of RER by the way of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The results show that the comprehensive benefits of RER are relatively good.

According to the scarcity of analysis on temporal and spatial shared impacts of parking behavior of comprehensive development blocks as well as that on differences referring to traffic location-based factors in parking demand forecasting of urban comprehensive development blocks, this article uncovers the mechanism of shared parking behavior, discusses and designs the process and method of analysis of shared parking behavior. Then, formulas both for the influence coefficient of shared parking behavior and that of traffic location-based factors are worked out. Based on the work above, a new forecasting model of unit parking demand generation for comprehensive development blocks is proposed. In the end, the validity of the model is verified by a case study.

This paper has used systematic analysis, comparison and analysis, analogy, improved gray correlation analysis method and the empirical laws, based on the summary of existing research, take our administrative division for rule, do the research on the regional transport network rationality evaluation. From the analysis the relationship of the regional development and integrated transport network, build regional integrated transport network of rational evaluation system and establishing a basic national conditions of China's regional integrated transport network of reasonable comprehensive evaluation methodology. Finally, take Zhejiang Province for example to verification method.

Division degree of the high-grade road reflects the separation effect the high-grade road produced to the road network in its region. In this essay, we analyzed using path length, the quantity and the form of nodes, as well as the transportation demand, as primary factors for division degree when connectivity and accessibility cannot characterize division effects degree. We also set up a computational method which is based on transportation supply and demand principle. Finally we use examples and proofed that division degree of high-grade road can reflect road division intuitively and effectively. This computational method can provide decision-making reference for high-grade road separation transformation.

With the implementation of fuel tax reform, ordinary highway financing is facing with some serious restrictions. Using trend analysis and nonlinear regression, the paper predicted capital need and supply of general roads, the data demonstrated highway construction and maintenance will face a huge capital gap. In order to break the financing restrictions, the key is to enhance the government's financing capacity.

By the statistic analysis of around 300,000 data acquired through mathematic methods including Indscal method and K-medoids method, based on the landscape classification experiment on 120 streets in the City of Chengdu, this thesis grasps the status of landscape classification of city streets in Chengdu and obtains some essential factors the experiment refers to, and in a further sense gets access to the important factors that may influence the city landscape.

When private firm is franchised to finance modern road systems, the strategy of the firm in determining investment and price levels has to be carefully examined, since profit-oriented behavior may not be fully efficient for the whole society. This paper examines the bias of a monopoly market away from the social optimum under the more realistic assumption that each trip-maker has a unique value-of-time (VOT). The road capacity and/or toll set by a monopolist are investigated under different kinds of regimes.

Speeding is a universal road safety problem. The relationship between vehicle speed and accident occurrence and associated severity has been well documented. Of the three E's in road safety, enforcement and education approaches have their own merits but suffer from persistency. Engineering approaches such as road design are effective for spot speed reduction, but are less feasible for network treatment. Another dimension of the engineering approaches is to focus on the vehicle. Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) is an innovative driver support system which brings the speed limit into the vehicle. This paper describes the ISA Field Operational Tests (FOT) took place in the UK, including system design and trial implementation. Results from this project clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of ISA on enhancing speed limits compliance. ISA also delivers very large safety benefits and considerable environmental benefits. Since the ISA system makes use of digital road maps, this offers a network-wise solution for traffic management. Potential applications of the ISA system are discussed.

Determined single product railway strategic-loading-station(RSLS) location problem on the precise of satisfying the general location constraints and related special constraints, is related to determine the location of each stay with station and the transportation plan. Based on theory of capacitated facility location with multiple souring in two stage supply chain, one mixed integer linear programming model is established which takes whole logistic cost embedding transportation and location costs as objective. At last, an example is proposed to demonstrate the practical feasibility and availability of this method.

This paper presented the integrated wagon-flow allocation and shunting locomotive scheduling problem at railyard with one break-up and one make-up locomotives. The problem simultaneously determines the make-up of each departure train and the break-up(make-up) task for break-up(make-up) shunting locomotive such that each departure train satisfies the train make-up rules while the total weighted time for wagons staying idle at railyard is minimized. Based on the theory of single machine scheduling and resource allocation, a mixed integer linear programming model separating the original problem into break-up sub-problem, wagon-flow allocation sub-problem and make-up sub-problem was proposed. At last, the model was tested on a instance taken from the literature and compared with other approaches. The computational results validated the correctness in problem description and effectiveness on solution quality with more solution time of the proposed model.

In this paper, considering different modes of transport in the whole coal transport network, basic on the network flow to establish a multi-objective programming model under multi-modal transport with the cost and time as objective function, and optimized by genetic algorithm. Provide an optimization method for the problem of distributing coal flow in the entire transport network.

We consider the hub-and-spoke setting of the railway station, where freight cars are hauled over night from many sources to many destinations. To this aim, trains collect the cars from the source stations, along a route to the hub. The hub is a shunting yard with a hump, where the cars are rearranged and routed to their delivery stations in new trains. In our paper we optimize model of hub-and-spoke freight station, and solve it using a non-linear programming system. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the application of the proposed model. It can be shown that the solution to the proposed non-linear model.

Regional transportation integration requires the high accessibility of regional transportation network, as well as the rational allocation of regional transportation resources. For trip-makers travel time has signified the accessibility of transportation network to a large extent. Meaningful to rail transportation operation sector is it that how to address various and multi-level demands for travel times under the rational configuration of transportation resources. In this paper, impacts on regional trip behaviors by the improvement of travel speed is pointed out on the basis of the analysis of regional transportation integration. Classification of regional trips is conducted, features summarized and requirements for travel time and trip period illuminated. Additionally, from the perspective of operation costs, the structure of travel speed for intercity and intracity is given in compliment with those requirements. Some relevant suggestions are proposed according to speed structures.

Railway, aviation, highways and other transport modes, which interact and compete with each other, take on most of the passenger transport tasks in Cheng-Yu transport corridor. The paper studied the passenger transport structure in Cheng-Yu corridor based on passengers' selection in order to analyze, adjust and optimize the passenger transport system within the affected range in Cheng-Yu transport corridor. The substance of reasonable passenger transport structure at last sums up as the sharing rate of passenger flow. The paper composed a selection probability model of the travel ways passengers select by using Logit model. In order to establish a Utility function model, the paper introduced a conception of `Time value of passenger' to unify all the indexes. The paper also found a way to quantify the indexes so that the distribution ratio of passenger flow in all transport modes in Cheng -Yu corridor can be calculated. At last we found that the structure of the four transport modes was in accordance with actual situation by comparing the theoretical value with the actual value of the sharing rate. Air transport is less competitive compared with the other modes for its high cost and unobvious time advantage.

The train stop schedule plan is an important part of the train plans for passenger dedicated line, passenger dedicated line has a great traffic density and short time interval. At present the train stops rate is generally an important indicator of train stops distribution in the train stop schedule plan. This paper constructs a train stops distribution scheme compilation model for the passenger dedicated line based on the rate of the train stops by analyzing the type of train stops modes and influencing factors of train stop schedule plan, utilizes assignment algorithm to solve the train stop schedule plan, uses random optimization algorithm to realize deep optimization of the train stop schedule plan, realizes structural optimization of train diagram and reasonable distribution of the train stops under the premise that the train stop schedule plan meets the train stops rate. Finally, this paper verifies the validity of the train stop schedule plan compilation model and algorithm through compiling train stop schedule plan for Wuhan-Guangzhou passenger dedicated line.

Crew scheduling is one of important part of transportation operating organization of passenger dedicated line, and the crew plan is the key process during crew scheduling. On the basis of analyzing the possible plan forms when cycle was designated, considering the scheduling to be easily programmed and practiced, this paper establishes crew scheduling model and a similarly greedy algorithm was designed to solute the problem. An example shows that it is feasible to schedule crew rostering plan in condition of cycle by using this algorithm.

It is the statistical inference method that is the current calculating method of carrying capacity of railway station, and the result of this method is a point estimation. Based on the Utilization Rate calculation method, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the sampled-data of the Occupation Time and Times, and estimates the confidence interval of the sampled-data, then synthesizes the intervals of the Time Standard and the Utilization Rate by Synthesis of Uncertainty, and last puts forward the interval estimating method for carrying capacity of the railway station.

The frame and function designs of the integrated system of visual calculation for the throat capacity of railway stations is put forward, and the network optimization model of throat operation arrangement and the compound staged decision model of throat operation capacity are also presented. Such models and algorithms in combination with computer and graphics technologies are integrated to create an operation simulation system, which can realize such functions as operation data gathering, capacity assessment and optimization in pictorial forms.

Evaluation of comprehensive traffic hub of railway passenger station is the basis of its planning decision. In this paper, several indexes are selected from the angle of the hub's distrbution function, express function and transfer function. Each index's formula is given and the evaluation index system is built. Then, to evaluate the hub, this paper eatablishes a combination evaluation model based on entropy weight and set pair analysis. At last, a numerical example is given to illustrate the combination evaluation model.

Different countries have developed high-speed rail system in different ways. The unique circumstances in China have led to the need to figure out which is the best operating mode of passenger flow between high-speed and conventional rail, and how best to integrate high-speed operations into the conventional rail network. This paper provides a brief description of the three operation patterns of passenger flow between high-speed and convention rail. Based on this description, a generalized cost model in which three modes are compared has been developed in order to estimate the optimal coverage of high-speed trains. The model takes into account some operating parameters such as train speed, travel time and some economic parameters such as time value and ticket price. The economical travel distance limitation of high-speed trains running on conventional rail can be estimated using the model.

The waiting room is a place where there are most of the passengers. And they often stay in the waiting room for most of their time in the railway passenger station. The organization of the waiting passengers will affect not only the operation efficiency and capacity of the station but also the use of passenger transportation equipment and the service we deliver. So the problem that which waiting room should be assigned to the passengers of a particular train is worth exploring. This thesis has solved the problem successfully on the basis of Graph Theory. First, the waiting room use plan must meet the demand of meeting and delivering trains. At the same time, we need to ensure that the early arriving passengers will have access to waiting rooms. Moreover, the waiting scheme can't be changed once it is made. This means the passengers will stay in one waiting room and won't be transferred to another one. We should take other factors into consideration when assigning the waiting rooms to different passengers. For example, the passengers aboard the same train should be allocated in the same waiting room which must be large enough to accommodate all the passengers. All the above factors needs to be taken into account when assigning the waiting room. How to assign the waiting room is the problem we need to solve. There are several viable plans. So another problem has arisen, how to find the optimized waiting room use plan. This thesis has solved the two problems by graphic theory. The first problem is solved by a maximal matching of a bipartite graph while the second by a optimal matching of a weighted bipartite graph. In this paper, we find the new ways to distributing the waiting rooms by the combination of transportation problem and graphic theory.

Intercity Passenger Dedicated Line has considerable passenger flow volume in peak hours, and the carrying capacity of stations is seriously affected by the long detention time of turning-back trains. In order to meet maximum parallel routing problem and solve routing conflict, the paper abstracts track layout into a network with poly-source and poly-terminal and proposes graph and network method based on minimum-cost and maximum-flow to create a mathematical model and finally establishes next-case step algorithm. The practical simulation indicates that results are reasonable and this system is suitable for the calculation of railway station capacity.

The railway passenger station guiding plan is one of the basic theories for passenger transport organization in station, the paper analyzed the necessity of the research on railway passenger station guiding plan preparation system, and then made the analysis of demand and data process in railway passenger station guiding plan preparation system, proposed to set up the scheme based on the graphic style of passenger guiding plan, and confirmed the construction target and general function of system, finally ,established arithmetic model on automatic formulate of railway passenger guiding plan. The whole system had been finished, and adopted in practical, making a progress in working quality of worker.

The paper establishes the optimizing model of the dynamic railcar organization on the target of the least car-hour consumption of all the cars based on the combination of the discrete and the continuous service space-time network and designs the genetic algorithm according to the feature of the model.

In china, the Passenger Dedicated Line(PDL) is the line of freight and passenger transport separation and mainly based on passenger transportation. Train usually reach more than 200km/h on it. The forecast of new PDL passenger volume is the fundamental work of railway construction. It determines the station level and standards. Because of PDL construction started late in China and lacking of historical data, it's difficult to find a science, reliable, simple methods to forecast it. This paper analyses the influence factor of the new PDL passenger volume. Based on general volume, it considers the increasing and the sharing passenger volume, the prediction models are put forward. Then, taking Siping-Changchun as an example, the paper forecasts the PDL passenger volume and analyzes the results of prediction. At last it reaches the conclusion.

A deep understanding of Chinese railway passenger service network complexity becomes important in these days when a more concerted comprehensive transportation system is under construction in the mainland China. The complexity of Chinese railway passenger service network is fully analyzed by comparison with some other network industries and other transportation modes. The conclusion is that the geographic distribution and the inherent need of perfect coordination of network elements make up the cause of its complexity, and that the network topology and its evolvement under specific travel behavior, along with system reliability, are the focus in future research.

This article presents four detail steps to plan expressway traffic line. Initial traffic lines are based on trip expected lines of motor vehicles. And then traffic lines are adjusted according to the city development direction. For alleviating traffic pressure of city center and reducing through traffic, we increase traffic loop lines. Lastly, the traffic lines are optimized considering the condition of natural and humanity factor. Based on the last expressway traffic lines, we plan and perfect concrete network of expressway. Main considering factors include regional traffic network, city road network, large scale passenger or freight hub. The application of Guiyang expressway network planning shows the proposed approach not only has high adaptability but good timeliness.

PID (Proportional Integral Differential)regulator has been widely used in ship autopilot. According to the lack of overshoot, response speed in the traditional PID, it proposes a way to design ship course self-tuning fuzzy PID autopilot which combines conventional PID control and fuzzy control. Then according to some indicators which contain overshoot, tracking response speed, control accuracy and so on a new evaluation method which can exam the performance of autopilot has been proposed. We test the performance of the autopilot both by using Matlab, and by using intelligent control of the ship simulation platform which is developed by our research teem to simulate. Compared with the performance of conventional PID autopilot concludes that the fuzzy self-tuning PID autopilot has better performance than the conventional PID autopilot.

In this paper, the high-level oriented-object Petri net is put forward so as to improve the reusability of model and enhance the descriptive ability for dynamic process. Then this paper presents a reliability model of high-speed railway system based on HOPN. In this model, high-speed railway system can be broken down into some object classed, and any place of the object classes can be replaced by low layer Petri net. So the complexity of modeling process simplified.

This paper studies analogy of metro Automatic Fare Collection(AFC) with telecom Business Operation Support System(BOSS). Both systems are facing massive customers with substantial daily fare colleting and settlement. To fulfill the work, both systems need a platform to interface with the customers and a control center to manage all the works. Since BOSS has developed for decades and its system architecture, function, algorithm and process being improved continuously and proven in practice, this paper proposes an approach for AFC development by analogizing AFC with BOSS.

The inter-city railway is concentrating on the development and the construction of comprehensive transportation corridor. Scientific and reasonable evaluation is of great significance to guide the inter-city railway's function orientation. The inter-city railway function not only need to meet inter-city passenger traffic demand, but also should be more apparent in technology-economic characteristic advantages and substitution compared to other inter-city transportation mode. So this paper established six quantitative evaluation indexes which are speediness, convenience, comfortableness, economy, punctuality and security, introduced the evaluation model of grey correlation. At last this paper took Beijing-Tianjin inter-city railway as example to prove the practice, feasibility and correctness of the evaluation mode.

According to the characteristics of CBTC (Communication Based Train Control) system, the features of data which in CBTC System is analyzed, and line data, running data are modeled. Then the directed graph is used to resolve them, and build the related data structure. GNUPLOT is used to simulate the running situations. The Simulation result shows that the running data which based on the data that is produced by the new data resolving method can give the more accurate performance analysis.

In recent years, with the accelerating process of urbanization, urban rail transit have been rapidly developing in China's megacities. From the experience of construction and operation of rail transit in our country at this stage, the transfer behavior between lines accounts for a great proportion in the total trip amount undertaken by rail transit due to the limitations of rail network coverage. Meanwhile, the consideration of coordinated transfer is comparatively insufficient. In this paper, In response to the characteristics of urban rail transit's transfer, and taken the convenience of the transfer between lines into consideration, the train operation plan of rail transit in non-peak period is optimized targeting on minimum cost of system transfer. And the optimization model of rail transit's train operation plan in non-peak period is obtained by proposing the computing method of total transfer cost. After checking the validity of the model, the new optimized train operation plan shows significant reduce of passenger's transfer time in non-peak period. The study can be used as reference to the optimization of train operation plan.

This paper presents the concept of "Planning for integrating Rail Transit and Urban Space" which can be metaphorized as a human activity system formed by "heterogeneous elements", including people, technology, institutional, organizational and other elements, with "political metaphor, cultural Metaphor and machine metaphor." Therefore, it is necessary to make the application of planning methods embedded into the action structure of the stakeholders. By embedding Hard System Method in "Interests-coordination Soft Systems Methodology", the methodology of planning for integrating rail transit and urban space is built up. Case study demonstrates that the proposed methodology is able to overcome the weakness of current planning approach which ignores the influence of human knowledge structure, value orientation and conflicts of interests on planning results.

As the acceleration of urbanization, towns have changed significantly at scale, form and function. One of the important features is that crowds and traffic flow concentrate to towns, thus the scale and layout of passenger transport station directly affect the cost of dwellers and passenger service efficiency. Firstly, we analyze some influence factors of passenger transport station scale, then give the calculation process to determine station scale. At last, the efficiency of the method is shown by an actual example.

Reasonable scale of the urban rail transit network is not only an overall control of the network planning, but also a critical investing basis. Based on the system engineering, this paper builds the influencing factor structure model of urban rail transit, which demonstrates that passenger structure prediction, trip distance distribution and trip modes structure are the key factors. Through introducing several factors, such as the daily mean passenger volume, mean riding distance, fare rate, capacity rate, station number and etc, the author builds a reasonable scale model of urban rail transit. This model shows the relationship among these planning factors in order to keep the balance between the operation income and operation outcome.

In recent years, as an innovative technology, Radio frequency identification (RFID) promises to precisely identify objects at low cost and without line of sight. This ability of RFID creates new and emerging opportunities for RFID applications to become an integral part of railway station services. This paper provides a mobile RFID framework architecture for mobile devices that aims to facilitate the development process of embedded RFID applications and the integration process of railway station applications and EPC Network instances. In this way, Humans, devices and things at railway station are both the content providers and users of these mobile services. We explore ID-Services, a flexible RFID middleware architecture for mobile, which includes three layers (ID Device layer, Proxy object layer and high level interface) to address the specific issues of mobile RFID-enabled applications. The ID-Services middleware is basically platform-neutral and can be used for any type of mobile computing device. This paper also proposes three extended functions by implementing mobile RFID approach, which includes the maintenance optimization, monitoring the temperature of the surface of the rail and a passenger-oriented system.

The artificial fish algorithm can shorten the network convergence speed, improve training rate of BP network, and achieve mutual beneficial complement This paper analyzes main factors that influenced railway passenger station service level, which is evaluated by an index system based on passenger satisfaction. By using artificial fish-BP ANN algorithm, this paper provides a comprehensive assessment of intelligent and effective method to evaluate railway passenger station service level. Through the relevant calculations and examples of comparison, this proposed evaluation method is verified with its correctness, adaptability and feasibility.

On passenger dedicated line, train stop scheme is a very important influence factor to line through capacity. Organizing train stop scheme well can not only improve the carrying capacity, but also can improve the passenger service quality. First, this paper analyzes the stop scheme types of the general PDL ,and briefly introduces the advantages and disadvantages of various types. Then this paper takes the interests of the operating companies and passengers into account. In view of the least trains needed for companies and the best traveling time for passengers, this paper makes sure of reasonable stop frequency and stop time interval. Finally, while satisfying some a service quality requirement, this paper establishes stop scheme of multi-objective programming mode and transfers multi-objective linear programming problem into the single-objective linear programming problem by the linear weighting method. In the study, this paper supposes that a PDL has n stations. 85% of the train stops at 4 ∼ 6 stations, and 15% of the trains are non-stop trains.

According to the analysis of the factors that affect passenger station layout in railway terminal, this paper determines the basic principles of passenger station layout in railway terminal. Because the passenger dedicated line joins into Kunming railway terminal and the existing passenger station of Kunming railway terminal—Kunming Station is lack of the condition for reconstruction and expansion, the station capacity of Kunming Station can not meet the demand of the recent and long-term passenger transportation, so it is especially necessary to construct a new Kunming passenger station. According to the demand of the passenger volume and the master planning of Kunming, this paper puts forward a compared construction scheme of new Kunming passenger station. Then according to the principles of passenger station layout, the optimal scheme of new Kunming passenger station location and the construction scale of new Kunming passenger station are determined. At last this paper discusses labor division between Kunming Station and new Kunming passenger station in the Passenger Transport System of Kunming Railway terminal.

To calculate roughly the rational scales of Urban Rail Transit network and to make scientific and rational plan for the Urban Rail Transit network, this paper chose the density and the length of Urban Rail Transit network to measure the scale of the network. Basing on an in-depth analysis of influencing factors of the scale of Urban Rail Transit network, with comprehensive selections, several indexes as urban population density, urban per capita GDP and urban acreage were chosen as the precondition of calculations of the scale of Urban Rail Transit network. Method and technique of data mining were introduced and some foreign cities where Urban Rail Transit has maturely developed were chosen as studying objects. This paper takes the influencing factors of the network and network scale of the chosen cities as sample data, and the sample data were trained by a 3-layer BP Neutral Network model. In other words, The BP Neutral Network model for estimating the rational scales of Urban Rail Transit network was built by taking urban population density, urban per capita GDP and urban acreage as inputs, and density and the length of Urban Rail Transit network as outputs. The results show that BP Neutral Network had nonlinear and robust characteristics in the estimation study of scales for Urban Rail Transit.

This paper illustrates the urban rail transit system's roles in the city from four aspects: First, to promote the structure rationalization of urban traffic system; second, to support the intensive urban land use; third, to guide the city to change the usage of land patterns during outward expansion; fourth, to clean up the environment, save energy, construct "green transportation." On this basis, revealing the necessity of the rapid development of China's urban rail transit: acceleration of urbanization, the rapid expansion of urban areas; intensification of urban land use, the high concentration of attracting amount; acceleration of the process of urban transport motorized, lack of road resources, all need the great development of rapid rail transit system. Urban rail transit will be the key infrastructure investment during" Twelfth Five-Year Plan", China will welcome the golden decade of urban rail transit construction.

The operation planning and design of an urban rail transit runs through the network planning stage, the recent phase of construction projects, project feasibility stage and operational stage. Network planning stage is the general sense of the operational feasibility, including the length of each line, branch lines, the connections among lines and sharing resources of maintenance equipments and so on.The recent phase of construction projects includes: vehicle selection, train composition, train travel time between stations, dwell time, train routing design, establishment of full day travel plan, the number of purchased vehicle, system capacity, organization and staffing. At feasibility phase, according to the passenger flow, in addition to the refinement of the above-mentioned thing, it is needed to add turn-back capacity and in-out depot ability to do checking, the default settings of the temporary cross-road (failure), and the whole day running diagrams painting under normal circumstances, guides and so on. At operational phase, according to passenger flow and this line specific device, it computes operating hours, dwell time, draws all kinds of diagram, and makes contingency plans.

A 30-months betterment and expansion project of Cheng-du North Station will be implemented after the spring festival of 2011. During this period, its passenger transportation will be accomplished by South station and East station of Chengdu, while the newly-built East station will undertake the main passenger volume. The prediction of the daily dispatch passenger volume of East Station in the years of 2011–2013 is based on this condition and using the methods of secondary exponential smoothing. Besides, according to the planner graph of the East Station and the analysis of the characteristics of the traffic and passenger flow, some methods of transportation organization to mitigate the pressure of the traffic condition brought by the increased shifting flow is suggested in the following.

Train plan of urban railway transportation normally consists of the train formation length, train operational period and its train frequency. Because correlative influence factors are numerous and data size needs to handle is very large, the optimization software design is a most urgent problem. In this paper, on the basis of analyzing the train plan optimization method, the system demand, system framework and data design, function demand and module design are discussed.

Taking the specific condition of the initial operation of the Chengdu Metro Line 1 into consideration, this paper analyzes the prediction of passenger volume systematically and objectively and makes some comments on the method of passenger flow forecast. In terms of operation, we use comparison to analyze the reasons for the differences between the actual passenger flow volume and the prospective one. We point out that the factors which should be taken into consideration should depend on the specific aims of passenger volume prediction. In the end we offer some suggestions in the hope of improving the operation of Chengdu metro company and the methods of passenger flow forecast, expecting that it can provide a reference to the metro operation and construction in the future.

After passenger dedicated line are put into use, their competitor is mainly aviation, and nevertheless purchasing saver train tickets will be a common practice. This thesis first considers the risk of purchasing tickets in advance and regards that risk probability satisfies exponential distribution. Through the dynamic game between railway system and passengers, this thesis attempts to propose the train ticket pricing model based on time. On the basis of this pricing model, marketing strategies of multi-layer saver tickets in different time periods will be proposed and the optimal marketing periods corresponding to multi-layer discounts will be confirmed. In the optimal time periods, demand intensity of multi-layer saver tickets will be count according to the historical marketing records of under current passenger ticket marketing strategy. The ticket distribution model under multi-layer discounts will be established to fish the largest profits. The applicability of this model is proved through case analysis.

Train Running Scheme of Dedicated Passenger Railways (DPR) plays a fundamental role in passenger transport organization planning, which restricts the quality of train operation as well as the social service. The compilation of passenger train running scheme is still made by human mainly based on the plans of the similar sections at present. At the same time, the research results in China have rarely been used to compile the real scheme. Optimizing the process to compile the train running scheme and making full use of the existing research results are necessary requirements for DPR, which are characteristics of high input, high speed and large transport capacity. Based on the analysis of the domestic existing compilation theory of the train running scheme and the compilation process of the train running scheme aboard, this paper discusses and explores the compilation principles and processes of intercity DPR.

The investment project post evaluation is an important stage in the project cycle and an important part of project management, which has an important significance to summarize project management experience, strengthen project management, and enhance the scientific level of project decision-making. With the development in the investment of urban rail transit project, urban rail transit post evaluation is increasingly important. Based on references of the foreign post evaluation method of urban rail transit investment project and analysis of the current research of post evaluation in China's urban rail transit investment project, it describes the meaning and importance of post evaluation in the urban rail transit investment project, and establishes multi-level index system of post evaluation for urban rail transit investment project. Then taking the third line of urban rail transit in a city as an example, it describes the content and methods of post evaluation, at last a comprehensive post evaluation conclusions of the project and degree of success evaluation form are obtained, and it will have a certain reference on the post evaluation of China's urban rail transit investment project.

Rail transit is the main part on Expo passenger organizing. It plans to attract about 50% passengers. The relationship between rail transit and Expo entrances is very important. It is very significant to think about and take advantage of MRT's accessibility during spatial planning on urban mega-event such as Expo. Firstly, this paper proposes a hypothesis of how rail transit accessibility effects the selection of Expo entrances. Passengers will choose such entrances that have higher rail transit accessibility. Secondly, through the systematic analysis of the relationship between rail transit accessibility and the number of imported passenger, this paper establishes the model of entrance location potential based on rail transit accessibility. It argues that the entrances location potential depends on entrances' scale and the level of rail transit accessibility. Rail transit accessibility is confirmed by the nodes connection of rail station, distance impedance between nodes and rail capacity. At last, through the correlation analysis between the number of imported passenger and relative entrance location potential of every entrance, this paper concerns how rail transit accessibility affects the selection of Expo entrances and the results of the effect.

The paper focuses on the analysis of railway administration organization modes of passenger dedicated line. The method for establishing the indicator systems based on efficiency, economy, application and safety were studied, then we make use of principal components analysis to evaluate the four possible organization modes of PDL. The application in the use of the choice in organization modes of PDL proved the validity of this method.

Yichang-Wanzhou Railway will soon put into operation. The constructions of the Railway greatly influenced development of the countries and regions where they are built. But researches on these influences are less systematic. On the basis of the summary of relevant research results at home and abroad, this article briefly analyses the railway construction process and the great construction achievements has made. This article tries to analysis the influences caused by the railway from five facts: regional transportation system, economic system, regional spatial system. ecosystems and national harmony, noting that the project has a positive role in promoting "Cultural and ecological tourism zone in western Hubei province" and the country's "Western Development Strategy", and is also a catalyst for the implementation of sustainable development in the region.

The last networks of URT must be optimized again an again. To meet the needs of passengers is the basic purpose of URT. Passenger flow forecast is the basis of the draft of URT. So, traffic distribution is to be considered known. Program of urban rail transit network optimization model is derived through the establishment of one of the initial route network can meet the service to passenger. Suppose that initially identified urban rail transit network, the passenger travel route based on optimization options in the passenger flow on the network to form a new distribution, the distribution of passenger traffic is likely to differ from the original distribution. The basis of the initial distribution of passenger flow, the paper integrated with the least-cost passenger travel route choice model is derived on the urban rail transport network of the new passenger flow distribution may occur. Objective of this study is that theoretical guidance is provided for networks optimization from the perspective of a simple line network may be speculated that the uneven distribution of passenger line.

We calculated the different program of introducing Hepu-Zhanjiang railway into Zhanjiang terminal and discussed the layout of passenger and freight station based on transportation corridor function and Zhanjiang city planning. As to the evaluation methods, we used analytic hierarchy process to solve index weight and gave a detail steps. Testing examples proved that the comprehensive evaluation method had achieved good results.

Along with the construction of Passenger Dedicated Line(PDL), more and more of the PDL would need to be introduced to the exiting railway terminal. As to the introduction scheme, it is a decision question of a complicated system formed by numerous factors, also with the characteristics of the quantitative and qualitative analysis combination and high fuzziness. Based on the analysis of main factors influencing introducing Passenger Dedicated Line into railway terminal scheme, according to its influence degree and combined with previous research practice experience, using the AHP -fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model in the combination of the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, a set of terminal scheme selection rational evaluation index system is established. By research on the index quantification methods and analysis on the index weight, with the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, comprehensive appraisal is carried on. And then the most beneficial scheme is chosen. Finally, taking the scheme of introducing Cheng-Mian-Le PDL into ChengDu railway terminal for an example, the practicality of this algorithm was verified.

Aiming at the layout planning scheme selection problem about comprehensive hub passenger stations, this paper puts forward an evaluation model based on space vector norm. It establishes a layout planning scheme evaluation index system about comprehensive hub passenger stations from six aspects, which are scale adaptability, development reservation, and coordination with urban traffic, connection with arterial road network, construction investment efficiency and urban traffic interference. On the basis of determination on the index weight vector according to data dispersion, it adopts functional theory to construct a selection and evaluation model and realizes calculation of evaluation value and prioritization on the alternative scheme. At last, it proves the feasibility of the model by examples.

There is none unified definition and concept on the capacity of current railway junction terminals. A calculation method on the capacity of railway junction terminals is proposed by analyzing on existing calculation methods or theory about specific railway lines and stations, in order to quantitatively describe the comprehensive capacity of railway junction terminals.

The present adjustment research is mostly focus on the existing railway or long-distance passenger dedicated line and less focused on the intercity passenger dedicated line. The latter one has a large difference with the existing railway or long-distance passenger dedicated line in terms of the traveling distance and organization mode. This determines their different operation adjustment target and principles. Based on the concise analysis of the intercity passenger dedicated line's features, this paper proposes the operation adjustment thought, namely respectively constitute the adjustment target according to the type of train. This paper analyzes the adjustment principles under this adjustment target, lists the possible adjustment measures, proposes the evaluation of the adjustment measures using simulating platform and present the platform's work flow.

This paper has set up comprehensive evaluation indicator system for transfer and link-up of urban passenger transport hub, defined and quantized the evaluation indicators, and proposed AHP method to comprehensively evaluate transfer and link-up of urban passenger transport hub.

Reasonable timetable of cross-line trains needs to be taken into consideration while scheduling trains in passenger dedicated lines (PDL), compared with that in existing double lines, in order to coordinate train operation between PDL and existing lines. Based on a comprehensive analysis of train scheduling in existing double lines, this paper proposes the minimum of weighted deviation of trains' arrival and departure time as the objective function for train scheduling in PDL, and then introduces facility and operation corresponding constraints for the proposed model by integrating characteristics and requirements of train operation organization in PDL of China. Furthermore, to further design the solution algorithm, this paper also introduces quantized calculation method for the train scheduling priority in the objective function of the proposed model.

In this study, we used the weight value of factors that affect trip generation to classify passenger transportation demand,andanalysised the passenger travel behavior by random utility maximization model and AHP model. Based on the above, pepar combined the generation rate of passenger transportation demand to get the number of different types of passenger and matched transportation products under the principle of balanced economic.Finally, enumerated Railway transportation product distribution as a case to test the modal, and these observations showed that transport system building by the model runs efficient.

In order to get the size and characteristics of passenger flow in the future in Guangzhou-Shenzhen(Hongkong) high speed railway, the paper studies the forecast question. Firstly, the Gray Forecast Model is applied on calculation of GDP, population and employee number in traffic district along the railway. Secondly, after carefully analysed the four step traffic forecast method, the paper calculate number of passenger flow generation and attraction, passenger flow distribution and passenger flow proportion of high speed railway. At last, the forecast result of passenger flow in 2020 and 2030 is worked out.

In order to meet market demand and the demand of railway development, railway transportation enterprise makes a great variety of passenger train operation plans in different periods. Reasonably planning passenger vehicle scheduling for the ever-changing train operation plan is an important guarantee to achieve the aim that railway operation is safety, efficiency and the continuance. Research background is introduced, changes between the old passenger train operation plan and the new are analyzed. Combined with work experience, plan method of passenger vehicle scheduling in the condition of using vehicle operating certain trains is proposed, more, in order to further optimize vehicle scheduling, mathematical model and optimization algorithm are established for vehicle scheduling in the condition of vehicle operating uncertain passenger trains.

China has been developing and building the passenger special line in a more cost-effective manner, in order to relax the transporting amount and capacity of existed rail way, and promote passenger's service quality, etc.. The passenger special line has not become the network on the initial stage of building up, so the division question must be existed between the passenger special line and existed rail way. This paper analyses the main influence factor of passenger special line and existed railway, and has defined the principle that the two divide the work; Have confirmed the division principle of passenger special line and existed rail way from the macroscopic and microcosmic mainly. It is favorable to transportation organization, improve the society and economic benefits from the point of railway, and that the ones should meet the passengers' traveling demand and improving passengers' transport services quality level from the point of passengers..

According to features of the high speed railway and based on accident-causing theory, the influence factors and construction goal of high-speed railway security system were analyzed from human, machine and operation environment, the three-level security system of high-speed railway was constructed using system engineering. Moreover, function of high-speed railway security information system as well as structure and function of disaster prevention safety monitoring subsystem were analyzed. In order to ensure reliability of high-speed railway security system, long-effect mechanism should be taken to be the breakthrough point, as strong motivation and hard constraint to worker for improving work quality. Fundamentally strengthen the equipment quality to improve equipment reliability and finally ensure security.

According to the demand of management and the features of EMU routing scheme for passenger dedicated line, puts forward the necessity and urgency of developing it, carries on the demand analysis and data flow analysis on it. In the paper, the total function and the structure of the design system are also investigated .And the related problems of system design are discussed, such as system analysis and the function design. On this basis, a corresponding EMU routing scheme system using VC is developed.

Passenger waiting time at original station and transit time are important parameters to construct a train running network and its matching flow. Passenger waiting time at original station and transit time under uniform distribution of trains are studied by Qualitative analysis when the riding train numbers are fixed and non-fixed, and the corresponding analytical expressions are presented. The results show that: average passenger waiting time is only dependant on train service frequency and maximum waiting duration, and average passenger waiting time decreases with the increase of train service frequency, but the rate of decrease gets smaller and smaller with increasing train service frequency; Organizing mass transit transportation with non-fixed train number can significantly shorten the average waiting time; the average passenger transit time is only dependant on maximum transfer duration and departing train service frequency, and has nothing to do with the number of the arriving train.

By analyzing the assignments of high speed passenger railway lines, occupied time of arrival and departure lines and operation crossover, introducing the concept of time slices, this paper establishes an optimization model of utilization of arrival and departure tracks, which meets the needs of train operation and reduces the train assignment cross interference. The model is a 0–1 integer programming model and a nonlinear programming problem, although its form is simple, it is a completely NP problem. This paper adopts the heuristic algorithm to solve the model. Finally, designs a simple example to verify the algorithm.

The intercity passenger train is an important aspect of the transportation development, and it is necessary to forecast the volume of the intercity passenger train. Based on the grey system theory and the Guangshen line sample, the grey model is established to forecast the volume of intercity passenger train in this paper. The buffer operator and the market competition factor are added to this model to enhance accuracy. At last the accuracy of the model has been checked, to guarantee the model can be used for prediction.

In order to ensure the practical effect of the transportation on passenger dedicated line, a certain capacity must be reserved when painting operating program. Based on qualitative analyzing the distribution model on passenger dedicated line, This paper presents the layout rules of the different levels of train operating program under the reserve capacity distribution mode of redundancy on passenger dedicated line and then establishes the mathematical models of the redundancy in districts and stations, which will provide the basis for painting train operating program and the computer simulation of the train operating effects.

On the condition that high-speed trains will be operated mixed with medium-speed trains in high-speed railways in China, the carrying capacity of high speed railway and other issues related are required to be further studied in quality. In this paper, an overtaking-unit model has been set up. With this model, some main factors that affect the subtraction coefficient and carrying capacity of high speed railway are founded out, and the formulas related are proposed. A case is conducted by taking a certain high speed railway line for example. At last, some suggestions on the organization of trains in the mixed operation mode are presented.

Taking Cheng-Guan railway as an example, the compressible Navier-Stokes equations and k-ε turbulent model is based to build a three-dimensional CFD model to research the pressure distribution on noise absorbing board surface using numerical method in this paper. The maximum negative pressure is given at different train speed and the noise absorbing thickness. The research results in this paper can be a reference to the design of absorbing board for High-railway.

Electric phase separations(EPS) is one of the key structures for implementing the power-supplying of the overhead contact line system(OCS), but the speed of electric multiple unit(EMU) While EMU passing EPS will have partial loss. This paper makes research mainly on the influence which the setting pattern and location of the electric phase separations have on the minimum headway of trains. The calculating model of headway of trains (in the section, the train departure and arrival at station) affect by electric phase separations based on the CTCS-3 was put forward in this paper. According to the calculating model, the paper calculates the headway of trains(in the section, the train departure and arrival at station) under the different layout form and position of EPS, station layout form and railway condition respectively. The results show that the headway of trains departure is significantly affected by EPS, while the headway of trains in the section has less effect and the headway of trains arrival at station has no effect. The EPS should be set far from the throat area, short EPS, compacting layout throat area in order to reduce the influence of EPS to the headway of trains. And some valuable research results will be provided for survey and Design of passenger-dedicated line.

The scheduling problem of electric multiple unit (EMU) is one of the key technologies in high-speed railway organization. A reasonable amount of railway equipment is required to maximize the economic benefits of investment in high-speed railway. High-speed EMUs are the most important mobile devices to complete the high-speed transportation tasks, which take larger proportion in railway devices investment. Under the premise of the transportation task is determined, adopting the reasonable transportation organization plan to increase EMU service efficiency and reduce the procurement number is an efficiency way to decrease high-speed investment and operation cost as well as improve its economic efficiency. Based on the periodicity feature of EMU scheduling, a multi-base, multi-type EMU comprehensive scheduling model for high-speed railway network is presented. The EMU scheduling is processed through computer simulation technology. Meanwhile, by using the ideas and strategies of greedy algorithm, backtracking algorithm and genetic algorithm, the model is solved and optimized. Taking the High-speed Rail as the simulation example, an EMU scheduling plan and EMU configuration amount is proposed, providing some valuable research results for the comprehension operation for the EMU on high-speed railway and maintenance management.

In order to solve the shortcoming of travel cost exact evaluation for passengers with the traditional model of Wardrop's, with fuzzy measure and fuzzy integral theory, forecasting the passenger's generalized cost of different travel distance an different income levels in transport corridor, the passenger optimization model of traffic sharing rates was set up which based on fuzzy measure and fuzzy integral theory. According the analyzed data of Harbin-Shenyang corridor, simulation result shows that the average error of computation values is 6.69%, but the traditional model of Wardrop's is 13.26%, which indicates the model can reflect well the subjective behavior of the passenger in transport corridor and indicate effectively.

With the rapid development of domestic high-speed rails, Chinese existing railway charging system is failing to meet the requirements of railway management department on real name management, and can't satisfy passengers' travelling need, either. This thesis proposes using IC card which has display function as a purchase tickets vouchers instead of paper tickets. First, IC card stores passengers' concerned information, such as the card number, account message, etc. after that, the system acquires passengers' physical characteristics information again and will be compared with original information when they are abroad, and assigns seat number while reading the card number, recording starting station, then marks passengers' real-name travelling. Once passengers get off, the system reads card number again, abolishes the previously-assigned seat numbers and records the destination. Finally, the system calculate travel costs and deduct expense from IC card user account automatically, with accord to the IC number of arrival and Starting station and end station. The paper designs the overall structure of charging system, every module function and technology method. Based on B/S mode, the paper also exams the related module functions and verifies the charging system's convenience and feasibility.

Reasonable pricing system establishment of intercity dedicated passenger lines (DPL) is one item of the operation and management work. This paper presents an intercity dedicated passenger line pricing strategy which is based on the benchmark operation cost and assisted by flexible operation cost system, considering the features of the collective cities and the traffic characteristics. Here, the benchmark operation cost is determined by the oriented-competitive method. At last, this paper takes the under construction Cheng-Mian-Le intercity DPL for example and illustrates the pricing idea.

The development of high-speed railway was in the ascendant all over the world. This paper summarized the domestic and international high-speed rail technology from roadbed, track, mechanical equipment and control system and so on, then presented development direction of high-speed railway technology. There were: (1) ballast less track technology; (2) high-speed train technology: low axle load and distributed traction; (3) integrated security system based on wireless communications, satellite positioning and intelligent control technology.

Passengers-oriented railway and Inter City Rail Lines have been developed rapidly during the past years. Major changes have been taken in comprehensive transportation system. From experience of developed countries, high speed railways are more volume based, efficient, safe and comfortable among other means of transportation for inter city or mid-distance tours. It has absolute advantage to bring more social and economic benefits. However, performance for high speed railways in operation is not as expected due to not considering private cars as its main competitors when setting the pricing. High price for high speed railways make it lose the price advantage to private cars. This article makes in-depth research for current pricing mechanism and average expense for private car mid to long distance. It proposes the pricing mechanism based on the average tour expense for family private car and make it testified for its rationality.

The development of the high-speed railway brings the growth of talent demand and the change of characteristics, especially the demand for high-tech, innovative and versatile talents. At present, there are problems and shortcomings in the talent structure of the railway, which requires cooperation of three sides: the government, the railway industry and universities. To reform cultivating modes of creative talents is the core and key point of the construction of talent team in an era of high-speed railway.

Different with traditional urban rail transit network, urban rapid rail transit network planning is a system planning in a greater region with multi-level, multi-factor and multi-objective. Great significance of evaluation index system of urban rapid rail transit network planning has been shown in the urban rapid rail transit development. Based on the analysis of evaluation index system of urban rapid rail transit network planning in different cities and the "3E" principle (Economy, Environment, Equality) that was used in Metropolitan and Comprehensive Transportation planning, evaluation index system of urban rapid rail transit network planning is reorganized .And then gray incidence analysis method is carried out to evaluate the latest urban rapid rail transit network planning in Chengdu of China, the best one in five plan alternatives is selected. The result turns out that the "3E" principle is much more guidable for the evaluation index system, and grey incidence analysis method is much more effective. By this article, in the real practice of urban rapid rail transit network planning in Chengdu of China in 2010, scientific decision support is provided and shows high-grade result.

By analyzing the main factors of introducing passenger dedicated line into railway terminals, this paper determines the evaluation indicators system of introducing passenger dedicated line into railway terminals. Then this paper sets up the CCR model with non-Archimedean based on DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), which the DMU (Decision Making Unit) is each planning scheme and the evaluation indicators are the input or output variables of the CCR model. Thus, the evaluation of introducing passenger dedicated line into railway terminals can be realized by applying the improved DEA model to the sorting of DMUs' effectiveness and analyzing the problems existed in less-effective DMUs. Finally, an example is employed to test and verify the applicability of this method applied to the evaluation of introducing passenger dedicated line into railway terminals.

Based on generalizing the influential factors of passenger train departure time range, the relationship between the passenger train departure time range and the needful number of passenger train stocks has been deeply analyzed. Then, the quantitative description method of passenger traveling convenience degree is put forward, and the multi-objective programming model is established. Finally, the heuristic solving algorithm is designed. The model considers the requirements on departure time range of passenger train grade and traveling section, so that not only the maximum of passenger traveling convenience can be met, but also the needing number of passenger train stocks will be the least.

Selecting railway timetables of passenger dedicated line belongs to group decision making problem. In order to reduce the impact of optimal result occurred by the subjective bias of decision makers, this paper introduces vague sets to quantify the qualitative evaluations and weights based on the linguistic variables given by decision makers, and establishes mathematical model of selecting railway timetables of passenger dedicated line based on vague sets. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the developed approach.

In order to evaluate the economy and rationality for the development of high-speed railway and to construct evaluation theory and method, we generalize, analyze and then classify the costs and benefits involved in high-speed railway construction and operation period, applying qualitative and quantitative methods based on cost-benefit theory. On this basis, we research the relationship between cost and benefit of high-speed railway development in the view of fixed and variable cost, direct and indirect benefit. Finally, we propose an empirical analysis of the Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway. It is pointed that the general benefit outweighs the overall cost, and the indirect benefit exceeds the direct benefit throughout the whole process of construction and operation. The result indicates that the development of high-speed railway is financially feasible and rational.

The paper proposed an improved carrying capacity calculation method based on the division of passenger section. The effects caused by different stopping times, different combinations of trains stopping plan and the ratio of trains stopping as a train group on the high-speed railway carrying capacity were analyzed. A carrying capacity calculation formula of high-speed train and middle-speed train was obtained under a certain frequency of station service. The carrying capacity of each passenger section of Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway was calculated by the method.

Railway corridor plays a significant important role in transportation system. Yet now, more and more high speed lines have been constructed. Against this background, problems as capacity allocation between high speed lines and conventional lines were put forward. In this paper, a model of capacity allocation between high speed lines and conventional lines in railway corridor was built by incorporating theories and approaches in operational research. The mathematical model constructed considered demand of different transport participants. And then a genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model. Finally, a case was constructed and qualitative and quantitative analysis followed to validate that the model is feasible.

Recently, the research on high-speed railway pricing problem is extremely urgent. The paper analyzes the market orientation of high-speed railway and introduces the foreign high-speed railway's present positioning method and the research situation of China's high-speed railway pricing strategies. On the basis of analysis and review of the existing study, this paper proposes the future study direction.

To investigate the passenger flow organization in large-scale railway passenger station, the new passenger flow driving models and evaluating methods are proposed. The passenger flow driving models mainly include the event processes assignment model, dynamic guide model, shortest path model and passenger flow conflict model. The basis data of simulating evaluation is mainly supplied by the simulating information map and evaluating information map. The case study demonstrates the validity and feasibility of the proposed models and methods, which are capable of evaluating passenger flow organization schemes and facilities layout schemes through visual and quantitative ways.

Stopping high-speed train is unfavorable to the line carrying capacity. Be premised on the certain stopping times and dwell time, the stopping high-speed train subtraction coefficient depends on the distribution of train diagram, that is, the train diagram structure. This paper introduces the methods of probability theory to quantify the diagram structure, then, calculated for the probability of each kind of the train diagram structure and the according train subtraction coefficient. After that, the paper calculated for stopping high-speed train subtraction coefficient with the weighted average, obtained the stopping high-speed train maximal, average, subtraction coefficient on the condition of a certain dwell time and the proportion of stopping high-speed train.

This article summarized a conclusion qualitatively and quantitatively that the constructions of the high speed railway in Sichuan could carry prominent economic benefit and remarkable social effects which included: reduce The total social transportation cost, the travel time of the passenger and the cargo, and break the "bottleneck" of the transportation and the logistics; Draw the region productive forces rational distribution, and the economic integration along route; pull to changes the industry layout along the route by forming the emerging industry group, upgrading and updating the tradition manufacturing industry; possess the competitive power with other transport mode; Lead development of the high technology and new technology industrial, and blaze the scientific innovation strength; reduce The environmental costs, and favor the energy-conservation style transportation system and so on. Finally the article had pointed out the solutions to the questions in the process of the high speed railway development in Sichuan.

Up to now, the railway network of passenger dedicated line (PDL) has not yet been formed in China. In order to speed up the travel of passengers, railway operation companies should have part of high speed trains run on the existing lines. It is nonetheless uneconomical if the distance of costly high speed motor train units run on existing lines is too long. A tentative research is made in this paper on the rational operation range of high-speed trains running on existing lines. Taking passengers and the railway situations into consideration, and with the illustration of some practical cases, the paper is intended to find out the change law that regulates the rational operation range of high-speed trains by creating a model and analyzing its influential factors.

In reliability, gave the definition of co-structure function from the state of "zero" and "one". To broaden the scope of application of the co-structure function, this paper gives another definition of the co-structure functions with accumulated invalid rate to describe the condition of systems. It shows the relations of indexes such as accumulated invalid rate, reliability; and so on. In addition, this definition not only gives the co-structure of original systems, but also describes finely the dependence of the co-system's components.

By non-linear fitting tool and matrix methods respectively, the Prony series coefficients of the generalized Maxwell model are obtained from dynamic frequency sweep (FS) tests data of AC-13C, AC-25C asphalt mixtures. The fitted results show that asphalt mixture can be treated as either a viscoelastic solid or a viscoelastic liquid, in both cases the sum of relaxation modulus E _k are the same. When the phase angles of asphalt mixture are small, the fitted results of the storage modulus E' are closer the fitted results of the dynamic modulus E; while the fitted results of the storage modulus E" are not so closer to the fitted results of the dynamic modulus E.

To study the problem of reflective cracking in the composite pavement, the dynamic extension fatigue test device of the asphalt pavement for reflective cracking was developed. The large proportion size anti-cracking fatigue experiment was carried out to test the anti-cracking performance of the stress absorbing layers and to observe the expansion of reflective cracking, which can provide the important experimental data to determine the reasonable thickness of the stress absorbing layers. The results indicated that because of the stress absorbing layers established between Portland cement concrete base and asphalt pavement, the stress concentration in the cracks is reduced significantly, the reflective cracking propagation path is changed, and the service quality of the composite pavement is improved effectively; In order to compare the anti-cracking property of different pavement structures, the anti-cracking ratio R is proposed as the evaluation index. According to the test results and the material properties of the stress absorbing layers, the reasonable thickness of the stress absorbing layers is 2∼3 cm.

The piled raft foundation is being initially attempted in recent years for special soil ground of high speed railway. The interaction and load sharing mechanism, as well as its time effect should be studied primarily in order to design the piled raft structure rationally. Specific to the piled raft foundation of high speed railway, this paper adopts field tests and simplified calculations and integrates the two methods to analyzing the load sharing mechanism and its time changing law. The results show that: The construction process is the load sharing adjustment process; the main vertical load is undertaken mainly by piles and rafts, and is transferred to the substratum by piles, the soil between piles only bears a small amount of load (about 3.7%) and is suggested to considering as a safety margin in the design; the raft shares about 14∼20% of the upper load, which should be considered in the structure design.

The limited value of longitudinal seam stretching is important for the safety of underwater high-speed railway tunnels. This paper discusses the limited value by carrying out the full-scale joint test and whole ring prototype test, and the relationship between the amount of longitudinal seam stretching and a series of control values, such as maximum stress, maximum displacement, and maximum crack width, has been tested. Furthermore, the limited value of longitudinal seam stretching is recommended to be 3mm.

Slab track is a structure bearing dynamic vehicle loads repeatedly. A slab track falling axle simulation model was built in this paper based on the beam-plate model. The dynamic characteristic and parameter study of slab track were carried out using this model. The results show this simulation model can be used in the fast dynamic characteristic evaluation of slab track and can provide reference in structural optimization. The fastener stiffness affect each component of slab track obviously. The elasticity of CA motar has some vibration isolation function, it mainly affect the track slab and base plate. The foundation stiffness mainly affect the base plate but the influence level was small. The structural parameters have no influence to the wheel and rail acceleration. The width of the track slab have a comparatively large impact to track slab and base plate. The thickness of track slab and base plate should be around 0.2m and 0.3m to reduce the acceleration level of the base plate and the foundation.

By project example analysis, in some special conditions that large crane can not be put in place and small and medium motocrane can not meet height and weight requirements to be installed due to regional limitations and restrictions of ground bearing capacity, mast hoisting construction method is put forward in this paper to solve this special hoisting problem successfully, simultaneously the project cost is reduced obviously, too. Results indicate that the method developed in this paper is simply applicable and it provides a significant reference for solving similar problem in real project.

Recently jointless turnout on bridges is a research focus and difficulty point in Chinese Passenger Dedicated Line (PDL) construction. Due to the high restriction of railway landform, jointless turnout on bridges or viaducts will be more and more applied on PDLs. In this paper, a test model for the jointless turnout on bridges was conducted with a scale of 1:3, in which different heating up facilities were applied for model turnout, model track slab and model bridge, respectively. In this test, additional longitudinal forces and additional longitudinal displacements of stock rail, force-transferring components were measured in order to research the interaction between jointless turnout and bridges. Besides, a finite element model of turnout -track slab-bridge-pier was established, in which additional longitudinal forces and additional longitudinal displacements of different components were able to be gained under the same load cases with model test in the system. By comparing the results of model test and theoretical compute, we can obtain that the two results have little differences and similar change rules, which primarily shows correctness of calculating theory. Therefore, the calculating model and method for jointless turnout on bridges was considered to be reasonable.

Performances of asphalt mixture incorporated waste glass as part of aggregates are studied. Results show that, Marshall Stability and flow, dynamic stability, bending strength and strain of glasphalt mixture decrease a little; however the bending modulus, moisture susceptibility and light reflection improve compared with normal mixture. Mechanical properties of glasphalt could achieve the engineering demands and glasphalt paving will bring great social and environmental benefits.

Cylinder specimens with 100mm diameter were molded in the lab, and absorption coefficient was measured by standing wave tube, then effects between the thicknesses, voids and grades of the up and down layers and the noise reduction performance was analyzed by orthogonal test method, at last the noise reduction performances of double-layered pavement was predicted.

Epoxy Asphalt has a very good road performance. But in using, viscosity of epoxy asphalt increases with time as solidify action happens and its mixture paving must be completed within a certain time to ensure good performance. In this paper, epoxy asphalt Z1&Z2 whose solidification temperatures are both 120°C together with ChemCo and TAF epoxy asphalt, penetration of every moment in solidifying is measured. An 120°C Penetration-Viscosity conversion formula is deducted, and viscosity in solidifying of these 4 epoxy asphalt are calculated out. The results indicate that viscosity curve of ChemCo epoxy asphalt ascends most calmly, the second is TAF, Z1, Z2 performed bad, and they are 90min, 80min, 65min, 75min when their viscosity achieve to 1000cPs. This method is recommended to evaluate application time of epoxy asphalt and provide a reference foundation to invent a new epoxy asphalt used in bridge paving or elsewhere.

Risk management is an important part in tunnel construction management. There are many factors to influence the tunnel risk. For different tunnel, its risk types and risk sizes are very different in thousand and one ways. Red clay is expansive clay. The identification of construction risk has been studied in this paper by system analysis method for the red clay tunnel. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of risk factors is also analyzed at the same time. The result can be used to control the construction risk of tunnel.

In order to investigate the role that sulphur additive plays in the asphalt mixture, the four-component analysis was used to examine the change of component of sulphur extended asphalt; Freezing and thawing test, splitting test, rutting test, low temperature bending test were used to find how much the sulphur content affect the performance of asphalt mixture. Test results showed that sulphur could change the group component of asphalt in some conditions, the 25°C penetration and 10°C ductility of asphalt was increased at first and then decreased with the increase of sulphur, and the softening point of asphalt showed monotonically rising with the increase of sulphur;and asphalt could only react with sulphur of a limited content of 15%∼25% of asphalt, and the sulphur over consumption restrictions could not react with asphalt.

The study of stress-strain behavior for Gabion is important for acquiring the deformation characteristics and stability quality of gabion retaining structures. Accordingly, it will provide theoretical basis for the design and construction of gabion retaining wall. Compression test and direct shear test for multigroup gabion were performed with large-scale multifunction testing machine for soil-stone mixture. The mechanical properties and stress-strain behavior of gabion in the process of test were obtained after test data processing and test results analyzing. Conclusions are drawn as follows: the strength of gabion comes from the combined action of stones filling and wire cage. The main deformation of gabion appears as lateral expanding deformation in one-way compression test, and the maximum lateral expanding deformation locates at the center point of gabion. Gabion is not an elastic body, and it presents typical elastic behavior just at early stage of loading. The strength of gabion is slightly fluctuant in compression and shear because that stones filling in gabion fail to pieces and are rearranged continually during the process of loading. The gabion has a residual strength after the wire of gabion fails.

As a special material, red mudstone shows different engineering mechanical properties in practical application compared with the general subgrade fillers. Combining with a test section of subgrade in one passenger dedicated line, this contribution studied the settlement property of red mudstone. Firstly, this contribution grasped some physical and mechanical properties of red mudstone and its improvement through laboratory experiments. Secondly, in order to obtain the settlement datas of subgrade filled with this special filler, this contribution conducted centrifugal model tests, and also measured the field settlement on the test section. To further research this topic, the two types of tests mentioned above were simulated separately by applying finite element analysis software. Based on the results of all tests, this contribution analyzed the settlement property of subgrade in different stages, and concluded that both red mudstone and its improvement can meet the demands of ballastless track subgrade.

The article studied Central Hot plant Recycling asphalt mixture experiment in the lab and paved the test road. used 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of Recycling Asphalt Pavement(RAP) that four different content, and included AC-13 and AC-20 two kinds of different gradation designs. There were altogether seven kind of recycling asphalt mixture had been research and produced. The results showed that the indoor performance of seven different RAP all can conform to the demand of <Test Methods of Asphalt And Asphalt Mixture For Highway Engineering>. With the increase of RAP, The high-temperature stability performance of the mixture improved obviously, but the performance of water stability resistance declined at the same time. In the same RAP content, the dynamic stability of AC-20 gradation is higher than AC-13 gradation.

The Pseudo-Excitation Method (PEM) is applied in the non-stationary stochastic analysis of simple supported girder bridge. Vehicle system and bridge system are considered separately and these two systems are linked together by the displacement compatibilities and the force balance. Maximum and minimum responses are obtained based on 3 σ principle and the variation trend of the system responses at the different vehicle velocity is discussed. The results show that car body vertical responses have large randomness, but vertical responses in the bridge mid-span and vertical wheel/rail force are influenced by deterministic load.

Pavement performance and application feasibility of SEAM asphalt mixture at low temperature was studied. Part of asphalt was substituted based on mass substitution principle and SEAM asphalt mixture was prepared based on AC-13 dense gradation. Experiments included wheel tracking test, low-temperature splitting test, low-temperature bending test, moisture susceptibility test. Experimental section was built combining Changchun connection engineering of Changsong highway in order to examine service conditions from now on. Results shows that dynamic stability, low-temperature indirect tensile strength and low-temperature bending ultimate strength of SEAM asphalt mixture increase, low-temperature bending ultimate strain and residual stability reduces when substitution quantity is 20%. Pavement performances of SEAM asphalt mixture satisfy the specification standard when substitution quantity is 10%, and most indexes improves compared with ordinary mixture, and it can be used in surface course in cold areas.

A testing system for road base drainage was developed based on the LabVIEW and auto-control theory. The system can carry out rainfall simulation, observation and contolment of groundwater in road structure, observation of moisture in road base soil and flux of blind ditch. The results show that the relative deviation between designed precipitation and practical precipitation from artificial rainfall's system is below 4%; the fidelity, the stability of the system and the rainfall distributing are above 0.97; the absolute deviation of test results between FDR and the oven drying method is below 2% when volumetric water content rate ranges from 27% to 42%. It is suggested that the system simulate rainfall and movement of groundwater realistically and test the saturated-unsaturated water soil movement in road structure when it rains or the groundwater changes.

Aims at deformation of airfield pavement surface, this paper studies the impact on airplane activity induced by pavement-step based on theories of flight dynamics and vibration mechanics. A vibration equation of airplanes' main undercarriage which is taxiing on the slab with pavement-step is set up, and the geometrical relationship between dynamic coefficient and pavement-step is obtained by solving the equation. Based on the rules how dynamic load affects pavement and sensitivity of people with different dynamic load, a method to compute the permission safe value of pavement-step is put forward. The results indicate the maximum pavement-step should be less than 2.0cm. The results can not only be used to evaluate the construction quality of pavement but can be academic criterion to decide whether to do rapid pavement repair in wartime.

As a new type of pavement material, brucite fiber asphalt concrete has been never studied at home and abroad. Laboratory experiments are made on the brucite fiber asphalt concrete. Effects of the dosage of the brucite fiber on the physical properties such as the bulk density, volume of air voids, voids filled with asphalt, voids in mineral aggregates, optimum asphalt content and the strength are also studied by the Marshall test. The contrast tests on road performance are made between the brucite fiber asphalt concrete and the ordinary asphalt concrete by low temperature bending test, wheel rutting test and water stability test. Test results show that addition of brucite fibers in asphalt concrete can change the physical properties significantly, especially the volume indexes and the strength. According to the Marshall test results, the optimum quantity of brucite fiber is about 0.4 wt.% of asphalt concrete. Based on the contrast test, the brucite fiber asphalt concrete is better than the ordinary asphalt concrete on the anti-crack properties in low temperature, the stability properties in high temperature and the stability properties in water.

The traffic correlativity between upstream and downstream sections in tunnel group can be indicated by similarity factor which is affected mainly by the sections' distance and vehicles' average velocity. Many cases of simulation were carried out in this paper to obtain the factor. The result shows that if the similarity factor is greater than 60%, these tunnels can be dealt with tunnel group in the ventilation control.

The in-situ test of stress ratio of CFG pile composite foundation for the express way from Dexing to Nanchang in Jiangxi province is done, the test results of the pile-soil stress ratio of CFG pile composite foundation under different pile distance during embankment filling period and under loading test bearing board are analyzed, to investigate the principle of gained—pile-soil stress ratio changing with the time of the loading. The result indicates that the variation of pile-soil stress ratio under embankment load is quite different from that under rigid load. The pile-soil stress ratio under embankment load is less than that under the loading test. With the increasing load, there is a great increase at the beginning and decrease afterwards which is followed by flucations. Finally, it remains steady at the range of 1.18∼2.26 and stays almost unchanged even the consolidation time changes. The pile-soil stress ratio is declining as the pile distance is becoming wider. The changes will decrease to a minimum as the pile distance is expanding to a certain degree.

This paper discussed the design and analysis of bridge foundation subjected to load of train with two codes, namely AASHTO code and The Chinese National Standard (CNS, 2002). This study focused on the design and analysis of bridge's foundation manually with the two codes and found which code is better. The vertical ultimate bearing capacity of single pile for each code was also discussed. Another analysis on the displacement of the pile by using the three-dimensional Plaxis program of finite elements was conducted. Moreover, strain, stress and active pore water pressure were investigated; all the calculated values in the numerical analysis were conservative. The results indicate that the AASHTO code was economic and safer in the bearing capacity of single pile.

Based on the discussion of fiber reinforced pavement concretes and frost resistance of airport pavement, and aiming at the different view of frost resistance of steel fiber reinforced concrete and the lack of comprehensive research of frost resistance of synthetic fiber reinforced concrete, this paper researched the effects of adding steel fibers and polypropylene fibers into pavement concrete and different fiber volume contents on frost resistance of concrete by fast freezing and thawing test. Results show that by adding polypropylene fibers, the improving effects on frost resistance of pavement concrete is better than by adding steel fibers. When adding polypropylene fibers into pavement concrete, there are coupled effects, which is crack resistance effect and weak interface zone effect, so that the optimum fiber volume content exists. Adding 1.0% polypropylene fibers into pavement concrete can achieve the best improving effect of frost resistance, and its relative dynamic elastic modulus is high to 98.01% after 300 freezing and thawing cycles.

In recent years, a large number of steel truss bridges with monolithic orthotropic deck have been built in many countries. For these plate-truss composite structures, using spatial calculation method to make primary design is time-consuming and involves large amount of calculation. In view of the shortcomings of spatial calculation method above, this paper suggests a simplified plane frame method (PF method) for plate-truss composite structures. This paper first proposes the concept of the Benchmark model, and then investigates and analyzes the longitudinal and transverse distribution of loads, as well as the simplified principle and the key points for computing the PF model. Finally, the authors build both Benchmark model and PF model by ANSYS for a certain plate-truss composite railway steel bridge. The analysis and comparison of the two models indicate that the PF model has enough accuracy to satisfy the primary design requirements which validate the effectiveness of PF model.

The study of fatigue cyclic loading at all levels of the U-beam structure static loading test and natural frequency test is under the background of Chongqing Light Rail Line 1 30mU-beam construction. The U-beam fatigue study bases on 6 million times fatigue cyclic loading test related to bending, shear and crack resistance, as well as dynamic strain and dynamic deflection test. This paper introduces the experimental design and production of the 1:1 scale models, establish a spatial finite element model, and verify the effect of fatigue loading. This experimental study will be possible to solve the fatigue of Chongqing Light Rail U-beam construction, to understand the actual working conditions of bridge span configuration, to determine the U-beam actual loading capacity, as well as to provide the basis for application of such bridges construction.

It is reported that some large longitudinal cracks near the longitudinal axis of roads in seasonally frozen regions penetrate into the roadbed more then 1m deep. It is well-known that the kind of crack of road slab is caused by roadbed soil frost-heaving during the winter but not known how the longitudinal crack takes place and develops. Hence, based on the microcosmic mechanisms of soil freezing and heaving, the frost-heave force and its action between frozen soil and freezing fringe are expatiated. Being analyzed in two-dimension plane, the shape of freezing fringe in the roadbed is curved because of three surfaces, in open air, of trapezoidal roadbed. It is the curved freezing fringe in the roadbed that makes the direction of the frost-heave force, caused by the freezing water in-migrated and always normal to the freezing fringe, at one point on the freezing fringe different from that at other point. Conclusions were drawn that the road slab is not only bended but also tensioned by frost heave force, the direction and the magnitude of which are nearly symmetric about the longitudinal axis of road. Namely, mechanics models of road slab is a tension-bended member, while the frozen soil under the road slab is a compression-bending member before the road slab is completely broken and a bending member after that. The phenomenon that a large longitudinal crack near the longitudinal axis of road penetrates road slab into roadbed can be well explained in the light of mechanics of material. Mechanics model of the road slab will plays a significant role in designing the road slab further to resist frost damage and in proposing the measures to prevent the road in seasonally frozen ground regions from frost damage in the future.

The study of the influence of the newly built tunnel construction on existing becomes a popular concerned problem that researchers generally pay close attention to day by day. This paper presents the influence of newly high-speed railway tunnel dewatering construction on the mechanical characteristics of existing municipal tunnel. The study shows that the quantity of ground settlement varies significantly and the differential settlement occurred easily within the range of 50m at dewatering well position; the value of displacement of existing tunnel at infall section is the largest, which decreases gradually with tunnel from medial position to other position and symmetric distribution; the variation and distribution of stress and displacement of lining structure of existing municipal tunnel tends to be uniform. The longitudinal stress in Arch Crown of tunnel is compressive stress and in invert of tunnel is tension stress in range of 30m at infall position, the maximum value of tension stress is 3.09MPa and it is more than the ultimate tensile strength of concrete. Therefore, the influence of dewatering construction is larger. So construction measures must be taken to reduce the impact on the existing municipal tunnel in order to ensure its normal working conditions existing tunnel.

According to the nonlinear characteristic of graded gravel resilient modulus, Based on the optimization of the three kinds of graded gravel as the research object, and combined with repeated dynamic triaxial test data, compared k∼θ model and Uzan model, using statistical analysis software 1stopt carries on the experimental parameters of nonlinear regression, obtained the correlative coefficient of three graded gravel resilient modulus, which is under the two models. Experimental results show that: Uzan model can more accurately reflects the nonlinear deformation behavior of graded gravel resilient, so the reliability of the regression modulus prediction equation for graded gravel is higher, can be used to forecast Chinese graded aggregate base modulus.

According to radar wave propagation characteristics in the pavement structures, the impacts of multiform voids depth upon radar reflection signals are studied by establishing the model of GPR electromagnetic wave propagation in rigid pavement with voids. Meanwhile, the method of determining the depth of voids beneath rigid pavement slabs is presented. This paper provides an important technical support for identifying the depth of voids beneath slab in rigid pavement based on the radar reflected signal.

The objective of this paper is to analyze stress concentration in the concrete round the circumference of the dowels for airport jointed rigid pavement system. Based upon ABAQUS, a 3D finite element model for jointed rigid pavement is established by using 3D continuum finite element to model the dowels, and the actual interface conditions between dowels and concrete, and between slabs and base are considered. The status of stresses concentration including edge loading case and corner loading case are obtained through structural response analysis. The results indicate that the maximum principal stresses and shear stresses in concrete round the dowels are extremely high, and the magnitudes are about 10.0MPa and 5.4MPa for edge loading case and 16.5MP and 7.5MPa for corner loading case respectively. Further, primary cracks are prone to occur in the concrete round dowels, especially for edge load case, and localized crushed of concrete and looseness of dowels due to large stresses concentration may result in joint distresses.

The mechanical properties of FRP rebar and steel bar are very different, and the design of FRP rebar concrete beam structure could not totally follow the method of conventional steel concrete structure. The study based on the research of specimen of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) rebar concrete beam analyzes the failure mode of the FRP rebar concrete beam. As for the two destructive forms, tensile and compression failure, the formula of normal cross-section bearing capacity of FRP rebar concrete beam is deduced. ANSYS software has been used to get the numerical simulation of the deformative characteristic process of FRP rebar concrete beam. The results of test, numerical simulation and theoretical calculation are identical.

Due to the linear relationship of stress-strain of FRP rebar, its concrete structural stressed deformative properties are different from those of the reinforced concrete structure. The study tests the properties of FRP rebar concrete beam deflection, drawing the deflection-to-load relation curve under the monotonic loading effects, and analyzes the beam's deformative properties and failure patterns. Combined with the testing results, the study contrasts the domestic and foreign measurement methods of the FRP rebar concrete beam's deflection. In addition, based on the bilinear moment-curvature relation model defined by cracking-segment bending moment and that of limiting conditions, the study derives the measurement formula of FRP rebar concrete beam's deflection, and the results approximate those of previous tests.

With the rapid development of economy, heavy load traffic has become the major transportation challenge for the expressway, in addition, it is the key factor influencing the service life of pavement. Based on characteristic investigation and analysis of heavy load traffic on Beijing-Shanghai Expressway (Hebei province section), accumulative equivalent axles which the pavement structure actually bear under the heavy load traffic action at different conditions are discussed. The service life of the asphalt pavement under heavy load traffic is estimated and evaluated in several aspects such as the road surface deflection, tensile stress of semi-rigid base and subbase, the road ultimate load. At last, the rationality of available measures to control the overload and overrun is analyzed and evaluated. The result shows that as overload and overrun traffic on expressway become more serious, and the error of axle load conversion in original road structural design under heavy load traffic, accumulative equivalent axles which the road surface actually bear increase greatly, therefore the internal structure stress of the road increases substantially, then early damage of asphalt pavements occurs and the service life of asphalt pavement is cut, which causes a great economic loss. For these reasons, some suggestions and measures to control vehicles of overload are provided.

In order to inspect to the influence of micro-vibration excited by vehicles on timber structure of Xi'an Bell Tower, consecutive 24 hours (one cycle) dynamic response test had been carried out. As one of the main study contents, the dynamic parameters (frequencies and dampings) are identified with the monitored signals in this paper. The free vibration responses of the measured signals are obtained by Random Decrement Method. On this basis, dynamic parameters of Bell Tower within traffic vibration amplitude by ITD (Ibrahim Time Domain) technique are obtained for the first time. The results suggest that the difference of each order frequency in SN and EW directions is small.

With the rapid development of high-speed railway, the problem of ground vibration induced by high-speed train has become increasingly prominent. In this paper, ground vibration characters due to high-speed train have been studied by the experimental method. A series of CRH2 and CRH5 test trains run at the speed of 200km/h in the Jia-Ding section of the Hu-Ning Railway, and then time histories and spectrums of vibration accelerations at different points on the ground surface are gained and analyzed. The Z vibration levels on the ground surface also have been analyzed. The results show that vibration accelerations in X, Y and Z direction on the ground surface are one order of magnitude, and the value of vibration acceleration in Z direction is the maximum one. The vibration acceleration spectrums distribute mainly in 0 to 60 Hz and vibration energy among 5∼40Hz is the largest. The Z vibration levels almost decrease with distances from the center of railway track, but the partial amplification phenomenon occurs at individual point.

In the paper, a numerical mechanical model for the slab track was established. Under the condition of some longitudinal loads such as braking force and temperature load, the mechanical characteristics and the deforming rule of slab track were analyzed. The results indicated that the cam plate, the elastic modulus of colophony, the gap between the block and colophony affected the longitudinal displacement of track slab obviously. The inner forces and the displacement of track have been changed a little when the friction coefficient between the slab and CA mortar was varying from 0.25 to 1. While, the displacement of slab and colophony were both more than 2mm as the axial temperature loading of 10°C was applied on the slab, which leaded to the conclusion that temperature loading had the significant effect on the longitudinal displacement and inner force of track.

Combined with geocell flexible approach slab applied to deal with the Vehicle dumping of Yixi Bridge in Fushun city. The technical mechanic and design method were expounded in this study. Applying for ABAQUS software, calculation model was built, and the function character under different foundation settlement mode was studied by numerical simulation. The difference between Finite element calculation result and the measured data is small. The data mean that the calculation model is reasonable and feasible. The results of the engineering practices and numerical simulation show that the geocell flexible approach slab can prevent the settlement of upper filling effectively, decrease the vertical stress in sub grade, and make the different settlement between the abutment and embankment gently. In addition, compared with the rigid slab, the first layer of flexible slab can bear the most vehicle load. The settlement curve is gentler, and the settlement can avoid the "second jump".