ICCREM 2022: Carbon Peak and Neutrality Strategies of the Construction Industry

With the vigorous development of China’s construction industry, the total amount of construction is increasing, and the proportion of energy consumed by the construction industry is also expanding. According to statistics, 35%–40% of the carbon dioxide emissions that cause global warming come from the construction industry, which has become a major carbon emitter. With the introduction of China’s carbon peak and neutrality policy, the low-carbon development of the future construction industry is very important. In order to change the current situation of high energy consumption and high carbon emission of traditional construction industry and adapt to the new development concept of green environmental protection, it is extremely urgent to carry out low-carbon and energy-saving renovation of existing buildings. Based on the current development of the construction industry, this paper reviews the theories and methods of low-carbon energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, summarizes the hot research directions of low-carbon energy-saving renovation of existing buildings using literature analysis, and gives suggestions for future development, in order to promote the research of low-carbon energy-saving renovation of existing buildings and provide theoretical basis for low-carbon energy-saving renovation of buildings.

The construction industry is the key sector to reduce emissions because of its contributing about 30%–40% of the global total GHG emissions all over the world, and also cause a great amount of GHG emissions from related industries. China will peak its carbon emissions before 2030. The GHG emissions of Hebei Province have been in the front rank although the region of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei has developed coordinately and greenly since 2015. Based on the economic data from 2005 to 2020, the carbon emissions of the construction industry are calculated and analyzed by the input-output method and predicted for Hebei Province from 2021 to 2035 with three scenarios. The results show that it is difficult to realize the goal of carbon-reduction in 2025, and it will be a great challenge to achieve carbon peak for Hebei Province before 2030 with the existing development paradigm and industrial structure.

With the increasing shortage of resources and environmental degradation, energy conservation and emission reduction have become the focus of global attention. As an essential way to promote sustainable development in the construction industry, green buildings have been widely and rapidly built. However, it faces the challenge of unbalanced development in this process. It is crucial to seek solutions to achieve comprehensive development of green buildings from a spatial perspective. In order to deepen the understanding of the development trend and the changing pattern of green buildings in space, this paper reviews and summarizes the research methods and research results in the literature related to the regional development of green buildings, including the spatial evolution characteristics of green buildings and their influencing factors. This study highlights the latest developments and future needs in the field and helps provide a helpful reference for scholars interested in the research.

Improving the carbon emission efficiency of the construction industry (CEECI) in China’s provinces is critical to the realization of the “dual carbon” goal; however, under the interaction of multiple factors, the paths to achieve high-efficiency (CEECI) in different provinces are not consistent. This study uses a super-efficiency SBM model with undesired outputs to measure the CEECI of 30 provincial-level regions in China in 2018 and 2019. From the perspective of configuration, qualitative comparative analysis method is used to analyze the joint action mechanism of regional economic development level, energy consumption structure, management level, marketization degree, and technological innovation level on CEECI. The result shows that the regional construction industry has formed three equivalent low-carbon development paths: “low energy consumption management,” “scale management,” and “scale marketization.” Finally, according to the differences in regional resource endowments, the differentiated paths for the low-carbon development of the construction industry in different regions is proposed.

The rapid development of urbanization in China leads to the continuous decrease of surface permeability, the continuous increase of carbon emissions, and the increase of flood disasters and nonpoint source pollution. The sponge city facilities can increase surface permeability and green area, and reduce surface runoff, nonpoint pollution, and carbon emissions. In this study, the carbon reduction mechanism of different sponge city facilities such as green roof, permeable pavement, raingarden, and bioretention cell was analyzed, and corresponding calculation model of carbon reduction capacity was constructed. The life cycle assessment was used to compare the carbon emissions of the sponge city facilities with the traditional development. The results are helpful to optimizing the layout of sponge city facilities and realizing the goal of carbon neutralization in China as soon as possible.

Passive ultra-low energy buildings help achieve dual carbon goals, reduce building energy consumption, and solve environmental concerns. However, passive ultra-low energy buildings are not widely promoted in China. Thus, understanding the influencing factors for the promotion of passive ultra-low energy buildings in China is imperative to effectively promote passive ultra-low energy buildings. Through the literature research and Delphi method, 25 factors affecting promotion were determined, which were divided into five dimensions: market, economy, technology, society, and management. Then, the integrated DEMTTEL-ISM method is used to construct the multi-level hierarchical structure of influencing factors; the influence mechanism of the factors on the promotions of passive ultra-low energy buildings is systematically and comprehensively analyzed. The research results can provide a reference for the promotion analysis of passive ultra-low energy buildings and also can help the government effectively formulate low-carbon strategies for the construction industry.

Through partial renewal of Tujia stilted buildings, carbon emissions can be reduced in the construction and maintenance of Tujia stilted buildings, and scientific basis can be provided for the study of “carbon emission peak and carbon neutralization” countermeasures. Taking the roof of a Tujia stilted building as the research object, based on the local renewal and replacement technology, modern materials and technology are applied to the local renewal of a Tujia stilted building. The results show that (1) compared with the traditional Tujia stilted house roof, the modified roof has better water resistance, heat insulation, and green tile stability, and reduces the energy consumption and carbon emissions caused by frequent roof maintenance; (2) the integrated design of distributed photovoltaic and Tujia stilted buildings can reduce the power supply consumption of the power grid, thus transforming the consumption mode of traditional non-renewable energy. The research results can provide theoretical and reconstruction method reference for the renewal of Tujia stilted buildings and the study on the adaptability of human settlements to achieve the goal of “carbon emission peak and carbon neutralization.”

Based on the whole life cycle evaluation theory, the whole life cycle of the prefabricated housing project is divided into four parts: design stage, production and construction stage, use and maintenance stage, and demolition and abandonment stage. Through the design of a questionnaire on the satisfaction of energy saving and emission reduction of prefabricated houses in Vanke Chunheli, Shenyang, a census was conducted on 120 owners of the #17 Building in Chunheli. Finally, an empirical study is carried out on the prefabricated residential project of the #17 Building, and the carbon emissions, water saving, electricity saving, material saving, land saving, and other indicators of the residential project in different stages of the life cycle of the residential project are calculated. Compared with traditional cast-in-place residential projects with similar construction scale, it is concluded that the energy saving and emission reduction effect of prefabricated residential buildings is significant.

In the new stage of China’s urbanization development, construction and demolition (C&D) waste, main component of urban CO₂ emissions, is facing the bottleneck of explosive growth and recycling in the process of urban renewal. This paper, in basis of urban planning control, puts forward C&D waste source reduction strategies and specific methods in C&D waste special planning. The proposed strategies include (1) to establish urban planning waste reduction system with special planning and guideline framework; (2) to reserve controlling zone so as to specify the vacant land for C&D waste recycling facilities; (3) to propose the key technologies of yellow-line management and control in the regulatory detailed planning stage; and (4) to optimize spatial layout in terms of rough exploration of key technologies in C&D waste transferring, disposal, consumption, and recycling place.

In the background of green and low-carbon development, there has been a great number of practice and exploration of urban green buildings special planning in China. Based on the benchmarking of the achievements of the existing urban green building special planning with specific code and the existing common problems, this paper puts forward the technical framework and main contents of China’s urban green building special planning, which mainly includes (1) the fusion and implementation of green building special planning and urban planning system, (2) key technologies in determining functional zoning of urban green special planning, (3) control indicators’ exploration of green buildings’ hierarchical controlling system to adapt to urban functional zoning, and (4) framework exploration for urban green building managing and control platform.

Energy consumption and greenhouse gas significantly contribute to the global warming. Building-related energy consumption accounts for 40% of the world’s total energy consumption. It is necessary to use computer-aided technology such as BIM-based performance simulation to build energy consumption modeling and analyze the energy consumption of buildings in different building scales. The approach of building energy consumption modeling can be divided into top-down and bottom-up. The bottom-up approach firstly get dispersed buildings’ energy consumption data, then sum up dispersed data, and simulate the building energy consumption of required building scales (e.g., urban, national). In this paper, VOSviewer is used to perform a bibliometric analysis on the literature from Web of Science. The development prospects and obstacles of bottom-up approach are analyzed, considering the Chinese construction industry energy saving demand and technology application status in China.

The results show that during the period of 2004–2014, carbon emissions in Chinese central cities still mainly originated from coal combustion. Apart from the proportion of C-CO₂ in Changsha, the proportion of C-CO₂ in the other five cities was reduced. The impact of changes in CO₂ emissions in central provincial capital cities is mainly attributed to adjustments in “electricity, gas, water production and supply,” “non-metal and metal manufacturing,” “commercial and other industries,” and “transportation.” Zhengzhou’s carbon emissions intensity has the most obvious inhibitory effect on CO₂ emissions, and its cumulative contribution rate reaches –140.59%. The population growth has the most obvious effect on CO₂ emissions increase in Zhengzhou and Taiyuan, with contribution ratio 57% and 49%, respectively. Carbon emissions in Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Changsha, and Nanchang are linearly correlated with urbanization rates, and their correlation coefficients are 0.9292 (P<0.001), 0.9288 (P<0.001), 0.9330 (P<0.001), and 0.9687 (P<0.001). However, the level of urbanization in Hefei has little effect on carbon emissions.

China’s large-scale construction has led to massive resource and energy consumption and emissions. The embodied emissions (ECs) of China’s building sector (BS) play a key role in realizing national emission reduction targets. Currently, the understanding about the status quo of EC is vague and inconsistent. Therefore, this study adopts two improved models (i.e., the process-based model and the input-output-based model) and dynamic factors to reveal the characteristics and developing trend of EC in China’s BS from 2005 to 2018. The results show that the total ECs in 2018 were about 2.08–2.13 billion tCO₂, more than three times the emissions in 2005. The ECs increased quickly at first and have tended to be stable in recent years. The indirect ECs from upstream industries account for approximately 96% of the total EC. In 2018, the share of EC in China’s total energy-related emissions was approximately a quarter, similar to that of operational emissions in the BS. This study provides an overview of EC that can help guide the low-carbon development of the BS.

The real estate economy is an important part of the national economy. With the proposal of the dual carbon strategy, promoting the sustainable development of the real estate economy has become an important research content. Based on this, this paper analyzes the current situation of real estate economy in China, establishes the sustainable development model, builds the evaluation index system based on sustainable development theory, and uses the entropy-efficacy coefficient method to determine the sustainable development degree of the real estate economy. Finally, empirical research is made on four sample cities, and practical suggestions are put forward for the sustainable development of the real estate economy in China.

In the context of waste-free cities, the recycling of CDW can reduce environmental pollution and promote the sustainable development of a city. However, only 20%–30% of CDW in the world is recycled, showing a low rate of global CDW utilization. In order to improve the utilization rate, this paper selects construction enterprises and construction material manufacturers as main participants, applies evolutionary game theory to construct an evolutionary game model on the two parties’ decision-making behaviors in CDW recycling, and uses MATLAB to make a numerical simulation. The research results are helpful to deeply understand the behavior, needs, and cooperation of stakeholders in the CDW resource utilization market; provide management enlightenment for the CDW resource utilization practice; and improve the CDW resource utilization rate in China.

Prefabricated buildings (PBs) play a significant role in improving the efficiency of carbon emission reduction and accelerating the goal of carbon neutrality in the construction industry. Based on the emission factor method, this study establishes a carbon emission calculation model for the materialization stage of PBs from three phases: production, transportation, and construction, and applies it to compute carbon emissions of a case study in Guangzhou, China. The results show that (1) the main contribution of carbon emissions in the materialization stage comes from the production of concrete and steel reinforcement, whose carbon emissions account for 42.43% and 41.04% of the total; (2) the carbon emissions of the production phase account for 94.63% of the total, and the carbon emissions of the transportation and construction phases are equivalent, a result consistent with traditional cast-in-place buildings; and (3) the carbon emission intensity of PBs is 435.34 kgCO₂eq/m² in the materialization stage, which is significantly lower than that of traditional cast-in-place buildings.

Green building is the development trend of the real estate industry. Many real estate enterprises are already developing green buildings. With the rapid development of green building, green finance emerges. Now the most widely used green finance mode in the construction industry is green bond. This paper takes Zhenro Properties Co. Ltd., who has repeatedly issued green bonds, as a case to analyze the supporting mode of green bond to green building. Based on annual financial reports and ESG reports, this paper mainly analyzes the benefits and risks of issuing green bonds. The results show that the benefits of issuing green bonds include lowering borrowing costs, broadening financing channels, enhancing environmental sustainability, and promoting corporate ESG management. At the same time, in order to prevent the risks and promote sustainable development of green building, this paper puts forward some suggestions for green bond financing mode.

Cement industry is one of the most carbon emissions intensive sectors with 8%–9% of global carbon emissions. The sulphoaluminate cement is the hydraulic cementitious material with many excellent properties, and there is less limestone and the lower calcinate temperature than the Portland cement, but the GHG emissions has been not quantitative studied of the whole process. The carbon emissions of the embodied phase of Chinese sulphoaluminate cement were calculated and analyzed by the method of life cycle assessment. The results would provide reference for cement companies and industries to make the strategy and tactics of “carbon emissions reduction and carbon peak.”

As the number of campus museums grows and the scale of construction expands, as well as the concept of ecological civilization gradually deepens, the construction of university museums faces new challenges of transformation, in which the design of display space is also constantly changing and updating. In order to meet the development needs of a green and low-carbon society, based on the concept of sustainable development, through the analysis of excellent cases, the current situation of “being ecologically designed” in the design of display space, from the four aspects of space organization, props and materials selection, lighting layout, and dematerialization design, to explore the green campus museum display space. In this study, we explore how to implement the green campus museum exhibition space and propose ecological design strategies for future university museum exhibition spaces, so as to ultimately achieve the goal of energy-saving, environmental protection, health, and efficiency of university museum exhibition space environment.

In the context of “carbon neutrality,” the construction of assembled rail transit projects has promoted the research of related environmental assessment. In order to solve the time-consuming problem of the existing assessment methods, the total carbon emissions of the assembled section of a cut-and-cover metro station is divided equally into individual ring sections for calculation, and the carbon emissions of the prefabricated standard ring materialization stage is accurately investigated to obtain the carbon emissions per ring section, so that the total carbon emissions of the assembled section of similar projects can be quickly estimated. This paper takes a typical project as a case study, visits prefabricated component factories and construction sites to obtain important information about the production, transportation, and installation of related materials, so as to conduct an accurate analysis of carbon emissions in the materialization stage of prefabricated standard rings of assembled subway stations, and proposes improvement suggestions based on the data results. The results show that the average carbon emissions in the materialization stage of prefabricated standard ring is 2,40,779.97 t, and the total carbon emissions from the manufacturing of related raw materials accounts for 87.81%, so reducing the carbon emissions in the upstream raw material manufacturing stage can significantly reduce the carbon emissions in the materialization stage of prefabricated standard ring.

The green renovation of old communities is a major livelihood project and development project that promotes urban renewal and meets people’s needs for a better life. It is an important way to realize the sustainable development of existing buildings. This article takes the LBB community in Shijingshan District, Beijing, as an example. According to the actual situation of the old community, determine the green renovation content of the old community, establish a SEM model, analyze the path of the relevant renovation content through the data of the residents’ renovation satisfaction questionnaire, further determine the weight of the renovation content, and analyze the green renovation content of the old community priority. The results show that the priority of reconstruction according to the weight of the main level is “building envelope > internal functional space > community landscape greening > public infrastructure,” and then put forward countermeasures and suggestions to optimize the old residential greening reconstruction plan.

With the popularity of online education, students’ learning styles are quietly changing, and the construction of informal learning spaces is gradually gaining attention. Under the guidance of today’s green sustainability concept, the renovation and design of informal learning spaces on campus has become a major development trend of campus culture inheritance. The design of informal campus space under the concept of ecological sustainability can alleviate material pollution and better protect the campus environment. Therefore, by analyzing the development of informal learning spaces at home and abroad; analyzing the spatial organization, spatial form, and materials of informal campus learning spaces based on the theory of sustainable development; and designing according to the 5R principles in the concept of sustainable development design, the overall sustainability of the campus can be improved. The design is based on the 5R principles of the sustainable design concept, so as to improve the overall sustainable development of the campus and finally realize the harmonious coexistence between human and nature.

At the 75th United Nations General Assembly, China formally proposed the goal of achieving a carbon peak by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. As the construction industry is a major energy consumer, the “double carbon” goal is closely related to the overall level of China’s construction. To achieve the “double carbon” goal of the construction industry, the development of green construction is the key. Speeding up the development of green construction and promoting the green transformation and development of the construction industry is an inevitable choice for the goal of “double carbon.” Based on the “double carbon” goal, this article analyzes the current problems of China’s construction methods, proposes some green construction implementation paths, promotes the optimization and upgrading of China’s construction, and promotes the high-quality development of the construction industry, helping to achieve the “double carbon” goal.

Construction industry consumes a lot of construction materials and energy every year, generating 30%–40% of the world’s carbon emissions. Besides, in 2018, stock area of China’s residential buildings accounted for more than 80%, and carbon emissions accounted for more than 60%. Furthermore, due to dense population, developed economy, and many residential buildings in hot summer and warm winter zone, it is of high value to study its carbon emissions. Carbon emissions of operation stage of residential buildings in hot summer and warm winter zone in China includes air conditioning, lighting, elevator, and domestic appliances. In order to determine its carbon emissions, carbon emissions calculation model is established by using carbon emissions factor method. Taking a residential building in Guangzhou as an example, this paper calculates carbon emissions according to the established model. At the same time, this paper collects and arranges energy consumption of the case building and analyzes differences between model calculation results and measured data. The result shows that carbon emissions of air-conditioning system and lighting system accounts for 44% and 33%, respectively, which have great potential to reduce carbon emissions. Therefore, energy saving and emissions reduction of these two parts should be given priority consideration during construction in architectural design. This study provides some references for reducing carbon emissions of operation stage and also provides some suggestions to promote the development of prefabricated building in hot summer and warm winter zone in China.

Compared to the traditional linear economic model of the construction industry, the adoption of the circular economy model has led to a shift in the flow of materials within the construction industry, thus offering greater potential for waste reduction and resource recycling in the construction industry, and has attracted the attention of researchers both nationally and internationally. This paper aims to explore the application of circular economy in the construction industry. Firstly, by analyzing the circular mechanism of construction and demolition (C&D) waste throughout the project life cycle and in the recycling market, to derive a practical perspective for achieving a circular economy. Secondly, a circular framework of C&D waste is constructed. Under the background of effective strategies of government departments, project design and construction recycling market are the supports to realizing circular economy of the construction industry. Finally, under the perspective of achieving circular economy efficiency, eight indicators for assessing the circular economy benefits of the construction industry are derived based on the input and output mechanism of C&D waste in the circular framework.

Many countries have developed regulations to minimize construction and demolition (C&D) waste. Implementation of these regulations requires an understanding of the quantity and composition of the waste stream, while the construction quota can help to solve this problem. It offers the consumption quality of the machine-hours, materials, and labor resources for producing one unit of qualified products under normal social conditions. When planning the transportation path of building demolition waste, the consumption of transport vehicles and energy can also be found according to the construction quota. This paper presents a quota-based method to optimize the carbon emissions of building demolition waste. We use the simulated annealing algorithm to make the optimization result reach the global optimization as much as possible to solve the local optimization problem. The simulation results show that the optimized selection of waste transportation routes saves 20.3% of the journey (20,346 km) and 18.2% of the carbon dioxide emissions. Our research results provide valuable insights for construction waste management and put forward strategic suggestions for improving waste collection efficiency and reducing carbon emissions.

Eco-city has become a new model for governments to reduce energy consumption and seek new competitiveness. As the last stage in the life cycle of eco-city management, green facility management (GFM) aims to integrate people, places, processes, and technologies into the sustainable development of the eco-city. However, existing research rarely defines GFM from an eco-city perspective and lacks a systematic analytical framework and dynamic model for GFM. To fill this gap, this study aims to apply the Wuli-Shili-Renli (WSR) system methodology and the system dynamics (SD) modeling approach to propose a WSR framework for GFM and to develop a system dynamics model for the interaction of key elements within GFM. The study might provide a new theoretical framework and methodological model for eco-city management and facility management.

Under the guidance of the “carbon-peak and carbon-neutralization” strategy, we recognize and evaluate the organizational effectiveness of construction enterprises, which lay a solid foundation for achieving the strategic goal of carbon neutrality by 2060. Organizational effectiveness refers to the organization’s ability to achieve strategic goals and the degree of completion. It is a comprehensive evaluation for the enterprise from the two dimensions of output and capability. This article identifies and confirms the factors that affect the organizational effectiveness of construction enterprises by investigating many of construction enterprises and using system dynamics theories to analyze and determine the causal relationship among the factors. Then we draw a causal relationship diagram to identify the index system that affects the organizational effectiveness of construction enterprises and construct a dynamic evaluation model of organizational effectiveness. Finally, we try to provide some reasonable suggestions for construction companies to rationally allocate resources under “carbon-peak and carbon-neutralization” strategy, and to improve their overall process management capabilities.

Research of predicting the causes of construction accidents from documents has attracted increased interest in the passing three decades. One main branch of this type of research is to use automatic methods to enable effective causal inference from a large amount of textual data. To improve the accuracy and reduce labor resources required, learning-based methods have been successfully employed over full texts of construction accident reports. However, to date, these methods are not capable of wide application in the construction industry, where most of the accident narratives are recorded as short texts. Moreover, the data imbalance problem is a frequent bottleneck in the classification performance. To achieve a higher degree of adaptability for construction accident classification, this study develops a framework consisting of data augmentation, Bi-LSTM and self-attention neural networks, and focal loss objective function, which is trained and tested over two data sets consisting of short-text and imbalanced data. The validation results showed that, even with much less information provided in the short texts, the proposed model has superior performance to existing methods.

The tracking of workers on construction sites is essential for safety management and resource management. However, existing vision-based worker tracking algorithms perform poorly in multi-target tracking and occlusion scenarios. A multi-worker tracking algorithm based on combined feature clustering is proposed in this study to fill the gap. Combined features are first extracted from construction scenarios to represent the targets—workers; then, feature screening and clustering are conducted to track worker targets. The algorithm is tested in a simulated scenario; the experiment result shows that the algorithm can detect and identify workers within 50 ms, with a tracking accuracy of 90.8%, thus being acceptable for construction management.

The digital twin is becoming increasingly popular for building operation management with the support of building information modeling (BIM) applications and the Internet of Things (IoT). However, current research of the BIM and IoT supported digital twin platform often focuses on specific building operation tasks and lacks consideration of the implication challenges. This study investigates the potential application and characteristics of the digital twin platform in building operation management and the root issues that prohibit the implementation of the digital twin platform. The supporting roles of BIM and IoT in the potential application are also discussed. The literature analysis is conducted to identify the success factors from the recent paper on digital twin applications. The potential opportunities and challenges are summarized and analyzed following the proposed framework. This study hopes to guide the development of the BIM and IoT supported digital twin platform toward a practical platform for improving building operation.

Digital construction industry is an application of digital efficiency improvement industry, being an integration of both digital technology and construction industry. In consideration of this and in order to explore the path for development and innovation of the digital construction industry, this paper uses the patent data from nine cities in Guangdong Province as the sample so as to carry out an explanatory sequence research by mixed methods. In this paper, we first analyze the dynamic evolution process of network in digital construction industry by virtue of the social network analysis, and construct a knowledge system accordingly. Then, we use grounded theory to conduct a qualitative research so as to explore the innovation path for digital construction industry. We believe that this research may not only contribute to the information development of construction industry but also provide a theoretical basis for deepening information reform in the construction industry.

As the carrier of building information, BIM has a wealth of indoor environmental information to plan path. This paper proposes a new design idea for the complete coverage path planning algorithm: use the IFC file to obtain the absolute coordinates of the building component, and then realize grid modeling of robots in building interior environments. On this basis, an improved BFS-based complete coverage path planning algorithm is designed to plan the robot’s coverage path offline through boundary coverage and dead zone escape. Finally, this paper designs a simulation test to verify the feasibility and robustness of the method, and the factors affecting the algorithm repetition rate and the true coverage rate are analyzed in detail. The results show that the real coverage is related to the size information loss during environmental modeling. The real coverage is stable above 90%, and the repetition rate is around 10%. The algorithm has good application prospects and can be applied to the path planning of intelligent construction processes, etc.

To quantitatively evaluate the waterlogging resilience of deep foundation pit projects, an evaluation model based on the random forest was constructed. Based on the structural and management characteristics, the evaluation index system was established from resistance, resilience, and adaptability. By using the strong nonlinear modeling ability of random forest, the relationship between the index of sample set and the corresponding resilience grade was mined to construct the resilience evaluation model. In addition, Nanchang Boyuanxianghu Project was selected for empirical research. The results showed that the resilience of the waterlogging of this project was medium, which was consistent with the engineering practice. Resilience was the key factor affecting the resilience of this project. Compared with the support vector machines and the back propagation neural network, the evaluation accuracy and data mining ability of the proposed method were stronger.

The construction risk of the deep foundation pit adjacent to the subway is high. The accidents such as collapse occur frequently. The construction risk needs to be assessed before construction. This paper conducts a comprehensive risk assessment on the multi-level risk characteristics and risk indicators of the construction of an over 40 m deep foundation pit adjacent to the subway. The risk is divided into an indicator system, and the analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the weight of the risk indicators to obtain the objective calculation results. In addition, this paper uses the membership function in fuzzy mathematics to establish risk levels and optimize the evaluation criteria of risk events. The results show that the comprehensive assessment risk value obtained by the optimized risk assessment method in this paper is 3.312, and the risk level is relatively high. According to the risk characteristics, safety measures for the construction process are proposed, which provides a reference for the risk assessment of deep foundation pit projects.

Learning from past accidents and experiences is a major path for the avoidance of future accidents. Despite accidents occur through the combination of multiple causal factors, few studies have examined the interconnection of causal factors from a network perceptive. Thus, this research develops a complex network model using 67 major construction accident cases in China. First, a total of 29 causal factors were identified from four dimensions, namely human factor, construction management, industry factor, and construction environment. Then, the complex network was established based on the cause-effect connections among causal factors and accidents. Finally, based on topological parameters, including degree, betweenness centrality, and average path length, this research found that illegal operations, defects of equipment and materials, and insufficient safety duties of the supervision were critical causal factors. This research will provide meaningful insights into the accident analysis from a network perspective as well as the prevention measures to promote construction safety.

With the development of information technologies and the transformation and upgrading of architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, intelligent construction is gaining increasing attention. Integrating with construction industrialization, intelligent construction has become an important way to achieve high-quality development of the AEC industry. To grasp the research development status of intelligent construction and explore future research opportunities, this study takes the database of Web of Science (WOS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) as the data source and carries out a bibliometric analysis of related research based on VOSviewer and Gephi. For English articles, the studies earlier focused on theoretical methods and gradually transitioned to the engineering practice. Although it starts relatively later according to Chinese articles, intelligent construction has a rapid development in recent years and shows close interactions with engineering practice. Finally, this paper puts forward research prospects, in order to provide some directions for the research of intelligent construction and contribute to the upgrading and transformation of the AEC industry.

The prefabricated subway stations are easily affected by hydrological, geological, and other factors, and there is a great risk of water leakage. Taking a station of Changchun subway as the background, the paper explores the stress and waterproof performance of composite sealing gaskets at the assembly joints of prefabricated components are explored. Taking the average contact stress of the sealing gasket as the waterproof index, the compression test and numerical simulation of the composite sealing gasket were carried out. The secondary waterproof effect of the composite sealing gasket and the influence of different offsets on the waterproof performance were analyzed. Through comparative analysis, the accuracy of the numerical model is verified. Under the secondary waterproof effect, the waterproof performance of the composite sealing gasket is significantly improved, and water seepage mainly occurs on the contact surface between the sealing gaskets. It is recommended that the joint opening and offset be controlled within 7 mm and 5 mm, respectively, which can fully meet the long-term waterproof requirements of prefabricated subway stations.

The standardization promotion of prefabricated components plays a key role in the development of the prefabricated building. This paper aims to analyze the key obstacles of prefabricated building extension systematically and propose corresponding countermeasures. Firstly, the obstacles of prefabricated components were sorted out by the web text mining technique combined with investigation and survey. Secondly, an analytical model was established based on the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method and the interpretive structural modeling (ISM). Thirdly, the intelligent algorithms were applied to solve the model, and the detailed discussion about quantification of the influence degree among obstacles, the identification of the key obstacles, and the causal mechanism analysis is conducted. Based on the calculation result, targeting countermeasures and policy recommendations are put forward to alleviate these obstacle factors.

Under the background of China’s green development and dual-carbon strategy, someone has rapidly promoted prefabricated buildings. Prefabricated building has the advantages of short construction period, energy saving and emission reduction, noise reduction, green construction, and so on. Therefore, the assembly rate increases year by year, but the integrity of the joints cannot be guaranteed, which indirectly reduces the thermal insulation and sound insulation performance of the building, and may even reduce the seismic performance, so it is very important to control the joint connection of the prefabricated building. In this paper, dry connection and wet connection are studied and analyzed. From the point of view of green construction, the weight of each index is calculated by the AHP method, and finally the connection mode is selected for different construction conditions.

From the perspective of the whole process cost of the assembly project, considering the front and integration characteristics of the key aspects of the project under the EPC model, a list of factors for cost control for prefabricated building EPC projects is established from four dimensions including design, procurement, construction, information technology, and environment. And then based on the social network analysis (SNA) method a cost factor network model is constructed, and quantitative analysis for cost factors is implemented from the point of network integrity and node centrality. Empirical research shows that this method reveals the invisible coupling relationship between the cost factors of prefabricated building EPC projects, which quantifying influencing factor characteristics and effectively identifying key elements. The research results can be used as a reference for the cost control of prefabricated building EPC projects.

In this study, the Markov chain is used to understand the uncertainty and dynamic evolution characteristics for mega projects, and entropy theory is adopted to quantify the level of complexity; thus a Markov chain-entropy measurement model is established to measure the complexity of mega projects. Markov chains can be used to describe the processes, and entropy can be used to quantify the complexity. The results show that the complexity of mega projects includes six dimensions of organizational complexity, task complexity, technical complexity, environmental complexity, institutional complexity, and social complexity; also complexity has the characteristics of the structure, uncertainty, and dynamic. This research can reveal the relationship between the macro-state and micro-state of mega projects and measure the complexity level. It is helpful for managers to conduct predictive decision-making and control the complexity for mega projects.

With increased investment in automated container terminals (ACTs), research on the design method for ACT infrastructure becomes popular. However, the performance of the ACT infrastructure design scheme is subject to the coordination and interaction of the container handling system in different design layouts and dynamic environments. The traditional design method has difficulty in effectively analyzing the above effects in the design process. This work discusses the characteristics of the ACT infrastructure design in the design process framework including preliminary design, detailed design, and scheme evaluation. The benefits of adopting digital twin (DT) in the infrastructure layout design are analyzed in this framework to propose the next-generation design method. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is taken as a case to test the availability of the proposed DT-based design platform. This paper hopes to improve the infrastructure design to obtain efficient and stable operations for ACTs.

According to the characteristics of Shanghai Lilong (meaning alleys) buildings in China, a “Management System of Conservation and Utilization of Lilong houses” is developed and can be demonstrated. Based on geographic information system (GIS), the system realizes the functions of value evaluation, building structure safety evaluation, security early warning, 3D model display, remote dynamic monitoring of the Internet of Things, etc., and achieves the goal of fine, scientific, and life cycle management of Lilong in Shanghai, such as “one picture to know the overall situation,” “one button to get full perception” of data analysis, and “integrated operation linkage” of security early warning. Through the demonstration application in the Lilong, such as Zhangyuan and Chengxingli, etc., it is eventually proved that the system is feasible and effective.

One of the most important target controls in engineering management is construction safety. Because there are annual reports of construction safety accidents in China, traditional safety management should look for breakthroughs. Although many scholars use various methods to improve building safety, they lack the consideration of building life cycle safety planning. Therefore, this paper proposes a life cycle safety management platform based on BIM-4D. The issues with traditional safety management are first examined. Then, in order to address these issues, this paper proposes the use of BIM-4D technology to improve project safety management and exhibits the benefits of this technology in this regard. Following that, a BIM-4D-based life cycle safety management platform is built, followed by a life cycle application process scheme for the management platform, so that all project participants may understand their duties in safety management. The results show that this paper provides a reference for the deepening application of life cycle safety management of construction projects.

The prefabricated building quality system is a complex system. In order to manage the quality of prefabricated buildings better, it is necessary to study the quality system of prefabricated buildings. First, according to relevant building code, literature, and project experience, the main quality control factors that affect the quality of prefabricated buildings and their relationships are obtained. Second, we built a network model of quality control factors of prefabricated buildings. Third, node degree, betweeness centrality, clustering coefficient, and other parameters of the network model are analyzed by applying complex network theory. Finally, we obtain the 17 key quality control factors, the interrelationships of six key stages, and the links leading to four quality defective nodes. This research can provide a reference for quality managers of prefabricated buildings at all stages, offering new ideas and methods for the research on quality analysis and management of prefabricated buildings.

Prefabricated housing cost is higher than cast-in-situ concrete housing cost, which has become the main reason hindering its promotion. Therefore, it has an important significance to analyze the factors influencing the cost of prefabricated housing. In this paper, several influencing factors are selected to construct the interpretive structural modeling (ISM). By this model, the factors at different levels can be iteratively obtained and analyzed one by one. Finally, it is concluded that the management level in the construction stage is the fundamental reason. According to the analysis results, some suggestions are put forward to reduce the cost of prefabricated housing, such as improving the management level of the construction stage, increasing the degree of resources and information to coordinate, and setting up reasonable prefabricated housing price compensation mechanism. The model constructed and related suggestions in this research are conducive to promote prefabricated housing.

Compared with cast-in-suit buildings, prefabricated buildings have great advantages in production efficiency, shortened construction periods, resource conservation, and environmental protection. However, the high cost of prefabricated buildings hinders its development. Most of the funds for real estate companies are from bank loan. The loan interest is the important component part of real estate development cost. Shorter construction period and earlier advance selling can reduce loan cycles, thereby reducing loan interest. This paper studies on the incremental cost effectiveness of prefabricated housing from the perspective of real estate loan interest based on the construction duration and sales stage of real estate projects. Taking the real estate development project in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, as an example, the research results show that the loan interest of prefabricated buildings can be reduced by about 40% more than that of cast-in-suit building. And the incremental benefits can offset partly the increased construction costs of prefabricated buildings. This paper not only offers some suggestions for lowering prefabricated housing costs, but also it may help to promote prefabricated housing.

Using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and China’s provincial data in 2017, this paper analyzed the input-output efficiency of WEF-nexus with the developed both intensity and quantity index systems. In the evaluation of urban economy and national economy, we should also pay full attention to the input-output efficiency of WEF. Under the current international situation of resource shortage and serious environmental problems, the study of WEF as a whole and the rational allocation of WEF resources will not only help to alleviate the current situation of resource shortage in various countries, effectively promote the coordinated development of economy among different countries and regions, but also to take environmental protection into account. Compared with the economic development mode of developing economy first and then dealing with environmental problems, developing and dealing with at the same time is more conducive to the sustainable development of national economy.

The traditional construction industry has low production efficiency. With the application of BIM5D in the construction phase of construction projects, it has effectively improved the level of refined management in the construction phase. In order to improve the application of BIM5D technology in large-scale public construction projects, this paper establishes a 5D construction management model for L large-scale hotels based on BIM technology. Firstly, this study analyzes the development status of the construction industry and the necessity of using BIM5D technology in construction projects; secondly, the principle of BIM technology and the modeling process of BIM5D are analyzed; in the third step, taking L large hotel project as the carrier, this paper focuses on the integrated application of BIM5D in the construction stage, including visualization, collision inspection, construction simulation, cost schedule management, and quality and safety management. Finally, the impact and shortcomings of the application of BIM5D technology on the construction industry are discussed. This study provides a certain reference significance for the use of BIM5D technology in the entire construction process of similar large-scale hotel projects. At the same time, it also makes some contributions to promoting the development of BIM technology in China’s construction industry.

With the key point of the present development of prefabricated residence and the national policy, the concept of prefabricated residence and the base of the ecological and economic optimization theory are defined. Based on the principles of building the index evaluation system and the analysis of constituent elements of ecological and economic evaluation of prefabricated residence, the evaluation items are refined, and the ecological and economic evaluation of prefabricated residence is formed. Through the calculation and analysis of indexes of the demonstration of typical prefabricated residence, the feasibility and effectiveness of the index system is validated.

Metro station has an important impact on the distribution of job-housing space, but there is lack of research on the effect of metro station on population aggregation in China. Taking Shenzhen as an example and based on the mobile signaling data in 2019, this study analyzes the relationship between metro station and job-housing population in Shenzhen and the guiding effect of metro stations on job-housing population. The results show that (1) there is coupling relationship between metro station and the distribution of job-housing space, and metro station has more guiding effect on resident population distribution. (2) There are significant differences in job-housing population coverage ratio among different regions in Shenzhen; Luohu District has the highest job-housing coverage ratio. (3) The level of population aggregation guided by the station is correlated with the opening time, regional location of Shenzhen metro station, and so on. It is found that metro station has played an important role in attract job-housing people gathering.

To study the temporal and spatial differentiation characteristics and driving factors of the coupling coordination degree between intensive land use and people-oriented new urbanization in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration, and put forward useful suggestions for promoting new urbanization construction and sustainable development of urban land resources. In terms of time, the coupling degree of the developmental level of new urbanization and the intensive use level of urban land systems is in the inverted “U” shape. The coupling coordination degree has experienced the development stage of “severe imbalance → good coordination.” Spatially, the coupling degree and coupling coordination degree both indicate that there is a problem of unbalanced regional development. Else, the well-being of the people is an important factor affecting coupling and coordination. New-type urbanization and intensive use of urban land interact with each other, and we should correctly grasp the context of their mutual influence, so as to comprehensively enhance the overall strength of Chengdu and Chongqing.

As construction land is in shortage in first-tier cities of China, demand for inventory development and planning is growing at an alarming rate. Analyzing and evaluating land reserve potential is more important than ever to guide the rational use of urban land more scientifically. In this paper, the land reserve potential evaluation index system was explored, which was applied to the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and based on network open-source databases. Focusing on commercial land, the analysis and evaluation model was carried out based on GIS, which was a step-by-step model to assess the commercial land storage potential and revised by the urban expansion intensity. The modeling result was validated by the people gathering center with OD data. This model was applied to a case study of Nansha District, Guangzhou, and a reliable analysis was conducted, assessing inventory and increment reserve units for commercial land use. Findings indicated that the approach significantly helped the orderly implementation of long-term urban renewal and rational development of new construction sites.

In the process of China’s economic structure transformation, the investment focus is shifting from the real estate field to the emerging industry field. This change in the field of investment is an important driving factor for the upgrading of China’s industry. The Moore coefficient is selected as the measurement variable of industrial upgrading, and the economic dependence on real estate and the quotation of venture capital are selected as the proxy variables of the old and new investment fields, respectively. The empirical test using the intermediary effect model shows that the increase of investment in emerging industries will bring the output growth of scientific and technological innovation, and then drive the transformation of industrial structure to a higher level. However, the traditional investment field represented by real estate is not conducive to the upgrading and optimization of industrial structure.

As an important support of the national economy, the real estate industry has a strong influence on people’s basic life, enterprises’ basic production, and the national economy. The governance of asset structure can improve the company’s management level and resource utilization efficiency, so as to improve the enterprise performance. This paper takes the financial statements of listed real estate companies from 2016 to 2020 provided by CSMAR database as the research object, takes the rate of return on total assets as the dependent variable and the proportion of various assets as the independent variable, uses Excel and SPSS for data processing and analysis, empirically studies the relationship between asset structure and enterprise performance of listed real estate companies, and puts forward suggestions to listed real estate companies in theory, in the hope that listed real estate companies can improve their enterprise performance.

The article uses the 2010 Chinese general social survey data, using multiple linear regression models, from the perspective of migrant workers subject in urban housing consumption capacity and influencing factors. The migrant workers in achieving the target of progress by the consumer target localization and the expected aim of the constitution. Study found that the consumption of migrant workers targeted at deposit in the city’s housing consumption exist significant negative effects, while the consumption aims to enjoy the type of its presence in the city housing consumption significantly positive effect; migrant workers expected goal fully realized and the basic realization of has a positive impact on the city of housing consumption, and the expected target part failure and completely lost no significant effect on the housing consumption, but the expected goal of completely in vain to migrant workers housing consumption will bring about negative effects. At the same time, consumption targets and goals to achieve degree of generational differences influence on rural migrant workers in urban housing consumption ability.

The renovation of old residential areas (ORA) is an important part of urban regeneration, and the renovation process involves multiple stakeholders with complexity and diversity. The collaborative governance of multiple stakeholders in the renovation process of complex ORA, especially at the mechanism level, has become a key research direction at present, which lacks fully exploration of elements and their interactions. The article adopts a “structure-procedure” collaborative governance analysis framework and selects a successful renovation project, Beijing Jinsong North Community as a case, to analyze the structure and procedure of collaborative governance of multiple stakeholders in the renovation of ORA. By doing so, this paper explores the elements and their interrelationships in the collaborative governance mechanism of ORA renovation. The contribution of this study lies in exploring practices of structure and procedure of collaborative governance mechanism of ORA renovation projects, which provides replicable and scalable reference for future ORA renovation projects.

For more than 40 years of reform and opening up, people’s material living standards have been continuously improved, and residents’ demand for high-quality educational resources has become stronger. The housing prices in school districts have been rising steadily, which has seriously violated the principle of “housing, housing, no speculation.” Therefore, research on educational resources. The degree of influence on surrounding housing prices is of great significance for exploring the formation mechanism of school district housing prices, restraining the phenomenon of sky-high school housing prices, promoting the balanced development of education, and promoting social equity. This article is based on the sample of surrounding housing from the primary school in Nangang District, Harbin, and uses a characteristic price model to reveal the impact of educational facilities on housing prices.

To study the impact of population aging on real estate market, this paper takes Liaoning Province as an example to carry out research. Firstly, the current characteristics of population aging in the study area are analyzed from the perspective of age structure change. Secondly, entropy weight method and time-series comprehensive evaluation method are used to evaluate the level of real estate market development in the province and 14 cities from 2010 to 2019. Finally, an empirical study on the impact of population aging on real estate market development is conducted using a multiple linear regression econometric model. The results show that population aging has an overall inhibitory effect on the development of real estate market in Liaoning Province. It has a positive effect on the development of real estate market in Shenyang and Dalian; an insignificant effect on the cities of Jinzhou, Liaoyang, and Fushun; and a significant negative effect on the cities of Anshan and Tieling. These findings have important implications for the government and real estate companies in dealing with aging population and promoting development of real estate market.

With the rapid increase people and traffic congestion in metropolis, it is more urgent and important to construct rail transit. This paper selects three input indicators and three output indicators, and the DEA is used to evaluate the rail transit performance for 51 cities. The result shows that Shanghai is validity, Guangzhou and Shenzhen are weak validity, and the other 48 cities are invalidity. Then it is studies that six factors affect passenger volume and operating mileage from supply and demand. This paper finds that passenger number is positively correlated with lines’ network, resident population, the number of civil motor vehicles, and traffic congestion. Operating mileage is positively correlated with GDP and local fiscal revenue. This paper suggests that cities increase the line network scale, first build the subway in center city, and then construct rail transit in suburban. Metropolis need to add train frequency at peak departure, prolong the peak time, postpone the last train, connect seamless from rail to bus, and place shared bicycles at the entrance of the subway.

The rapid development of network information technology not only changes people’s way of life but also profoundly affects the marketing methods of all walks of life. The rapid development of new media has brought new development opportunities to real estate marketing. Based on the consumer behavior model SICAS, this paper finds the characteristics of target customers, realizes precise marketing through new media such as WeChat, short video platforms, live broadcast platforms, etc., and plays an important role in grasping customer characteristics, improving customer experience, responding to customers in a timely manner, and meeting individual needs, role, and formulate marketing strategies to ultimately achieve the company’s marketing goals.

Innovation factors are an important basis for improving the quality of regional economy, but also affect the sustainable development of the real estate market. Using the panel data of 30 provinces in China as a sample, this paper empirically studies the impact of the aggregation of innovation factors on housing prices by using spatial econometric model. The research shows that under the dynamic innovation factor flow weight matrix, housing prices have spatial autocorrelation, and this correlation shows an increasing trend year by year. The spatial aggregation of innovation factors has an obvious positive impact on the rise of housing prices. The dynamic flow of scientific and technological talents is conducive to promoting the spatial spillover and overall rise of housing prices.

The “National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan” and the “Opinions on Promoting the High-Quality Development of Modern Vocational Education” all propose to promote the integration of industry and education, and school and enterprise “dual” education; strengthen the depth of school-enterprise cooperation; and help the transformation and upgrading of regional industrial development. This article takes the training of talents for new residential digital broker positions as an example. Carry out “shell” brokerage order training; oriented by corporate job demand; adopt double tutors in school to educate people; reshape the course content from three aspects: professional standards-course standards, job content-course content, and job assessment-course assessment; integrate into the new residential digital “1+X” professional qualification certificate and corporate training projects; and cultivate technical and skilled talents in the field of brokers.

Urban public centers are important parts of every city. The rational layout of the multi-level public center system has been significant content of city comprehensive planning and district planning. Thus, it’s critical to have a precise identification and evaluation of public centers. Based on the GIS, taking six districts in Guangzhou as cases, a spatiotemporal perspective was introduced to research on the identification and measurement of public centers. Methodologically, a three-step measurement system was put forward, including identification, verification, and evaluation, followed by field research in several sample areas based on OD as well as POIs data. During the process of identification, the degree of mixing of POIs and commercial building volume were calculated. The initial identification result was then verified with OD data as well as customers’ reviews in Dianping app. Finally, the field research studies were used to evaluate different levels and types of urban public centers, which helped establish a more efficient and high-quality public center system and refine the city management.

Trust between villagers and the developer is indispensable to the success of urban village redevelopment project (UVRP). Although extensive studies have explored the antecedents of trust between participants in construction projects, those in UVRP are less studied. The villagers are inexperienced but vulnerable in UVRP, who may lose their property once the project fails. Thus, they are cautious of initial trust establishment on developer due to the lack of previous knowledge of and interactions with the developer, which denotes the uniqueness of initial trust establishment in UVRP. As such, this study aims to explore the antecedents of villagers’ initial trust on the developer grounded on literature review and case analysis on four UVRPs in Guangzhou, China. The results show that there are 14 antecedents of villagers’ initial trust on the developer, which are classified into the characteristics of the developer, the villagers, the institutional environment, and the boundary spanners.

Research on the impact of working capital management efficiency on enterprise performance of listed real estate companies. Taking the annual financial report data of Chinese A-share listed real estate companies from 2018 to 2020 as the research sample, this paper focuses on the impact of working capital management efficiency in real estate area markets’ listed companies on their own performance. This dissertation tests the relationship between enterprise working capital and enterprise performance by empirical examining. Through correlation analysis, it is found that the performance of listed real estate is positively associated with the efficiency of working capital management. After further inspect the robustness of the research results, our findings indicate research outcomings are as follows: the performance of listed real estate companies is significantly positively correlated with the efficiency of working capital management. The management layer can strengthen internal management, formulate appropriate credit policies, reinforce debt management, improve the turnover rate of current assets and total assets, realize the effective turnover of working capital, and promote the company’s performance.

In view of the problem of government incentive policy of rental housing and the enthusiasm of developers in building rental housing, the evolutionary game theory is applied to build a game model, and the benefits of the government and developers are analyzed qualitatively. First, a symmetric game model between the government and developers is constructed based on the non-cooperative repeated game. Secondly, considering the application of the game model in rental housing, the paper analyzes the stability strategy of both sides, draws the phase diagram of the group game between the government and the developer, and proposes a method to improve Pareto optimality equilibrium returns according to the local stability analysis of the Jacobian matrix of the system based on the analysis of the evolutionary game between the government and the developer, the paper finally gives some suggestions on the win-win strategy of the government and the developer in the construction of rental housing.

With the gradual establishment of the territorial space planning system under Chinese “multiple compliance” system, new requirements have been put forward during the management and development and utilization of urban land resources. More emphasis is placed on the use control of land resources under the efficient operation of urban functions. Studying how to manage and utilize land resources scientifically, efficiently, and intensively will become important to promote the efficient and orderly operation and sustainable development of cities in the new period. This thesis focuses on the transformation and upgrading of land use patterns, land resource management techniques, and supervision mechanisms.

The purpose of this study is to build a new dynamic game model including the uncertain probability and sending order of the double planning supervising to analyze the equilibrium conditions, according to the current causes of the planning supervising collusion in the land for real estate development, which was constructed for deterring planning supervisors from the planning supervising collusion. The results show (1) the double planning supervising policy is theoretically confirmed to be feasible and effective, which can reduce the planning supervising cost; the sending probability of the second planning supervisor is bigger; the risk and the moral pressure of the early planning supervisor is bigger too; and then the punishment for stopping the planning supervising collusion can be less. (2) This double planning supervising policy is also beneficial to weaken planning supervisors’ collusion preference. The conclusions show: continue to promote the existing planning supervision system (Department-Province-City-county), multi-level linkage, and full-coveraged planning inspectorate system must be established; strengthen the rigid laws and regulations of the “hard constraints”; perfect the form of punishment; enhance public participation in planning; and enhance public supervision of planning.

At present, the application rate of PPP projects in the transformation of old residential areas in China is not high, and its influencing factors are complex and diverse. From the perspective of project participants, this paper extracts the influencing factors of PPP application in the reconstruction of old residential areas in China by combining literature analysis and case supplement. The DEMATEL-ISM model is constructed and analyzed by using the scoring data of experts in this field. The results show that the fundamental factors affecting the application of PPP in the reconstruction of old residential areas in China are government incentive supervision and capital return rate, and the direct factors are project evaluation ability, difficult access to social capital, enterprise’s professional ability, and residents’ willingness to invest. The top three influencing factors of centrality are government incentive and supervision, policy promotion, and participation enthusiasm. Based on the analysis results, corresponding suggestions are put forward.

Population aging is a strategic issue affecting the long-term development of economy and society. China’s population is aging rapidly, and the pressure is prominent. As urban elderly people generally adopt the mode of aging in place, there is a strong demand for age-appropriate renewal of old communities. To explore the key influencing environmental factors of the elderly residents’ satisfaction in the communities under micro-regeneration, this study considers the original plot characteristics of the old communities and constructs the elderly residential satisfaction environmental influence model based on PLS-SEM. Through the collection of POI, field questionnaire surveys, and interviews, this paper conducts a study on the influencing environmental factors of elderly residents’ satisfaction in 50 communities under micro-regeneration in Guangzhou and analyzes the significant influencing factors, such as community characteristics and micro-regeneration projects. Based on the research results, this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the elderly residents’ satisfaction from different angles.

During the rapid urbanization process in China, parts of the old urban areas are falling into decay. To revitalize the decaying area and improve the residents’ living quality, urban renewal has become an inevitable theme of urban development. During past decades, citizen participation in urban renewal has attracted considerable attention, for it can ensure social fairness and avoid conflicts among stakeholders in urban renewal projects. However, there is still a lack of a practical method to quantify the degree of citizen participation of urban renewal projects. To fill this gap, this paper develops a framework to measure the degree of citizen participation from the dimensions of breath and depth, which were measured based on the approaches of participation and types of stakeholders involved, and were measured based on Arnstein’s ladder of citizen participation, respectively. Finally, the application of this framework was illustrated through a case study on an urban village reconstruction project in Guangzhou, denoting its applicability in quantifying the degree of citizen participation in urban village reconstruction projects.

Under the background of the digital economy, digital transformation becomes an inevitable choice for the construction sector in China to achieve industrial development. It is of great significance to establish a scientific analysis framework for digital economy innovation level, to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of digital economy development in construction enterprises. In this paper, we first construct a framework for analysis of the digital economy innovation level, which consists of 3 first-level indicators, 6 second-level indicators, and 18 third-level indicators; then, we use the analytic hierarchy process to create a model to evaluate the digital economy development level in construction enterprises. Finally, we test the validity of the evaluation model empirically by taking all construction enterprises involved in the digital economy industry in Guangdong Province as a sample set. The research results show that the analysis framework constructed in this paper can accurately measure the digital economy innovation development level of construction enterprises and enrich the theoretical system for digital economy evaluation.

Whether the responsibility cost can be effectively implemented in cost control is the key to cost control. Clarifying the responsibilities of each cost center can mobilize the enthusiasm of employees and improve the efficiency of cost control. This paper will take the engineering responsibility cost as the research object, combine the PDCA management cycle theory with the responsibility cost control, analyze the factors affecting the responsibility cost of the engineering project in the whole process, and analyze the PDCA cycles in the planning phase, execution phase, process inspection phase, and continuous phase, each cycle being an improvement on the original level. By dynamically analyzing responsibility cost control and proposing optimization measures, it is expected to improve the level of refined management of engineering projects and provide a reference for broadening the idea of responsibility cost control.

In order to make the risk sharing between government and social capital parties of EOD+PPP model projects more reasonable. On the basis of identifying the risk of the whole process of EOD+PPP model project, firstly, the traditional TOPSIS method is improved by introducing the pinch cosine distance. And the improved TOPSIS method is used to initially share the risks and divide the sole-share risks and the shared risks. Then, the Shapley value method is improved according to the four basic principles of risk sharing. And the improved Shapley value method is used to further allocate the shared risks and solve the allocation ratio of shared risks between government and social capital parties.

Internal control, as an important means and system measure to ensure the orderly and healthy operation of listed construction companies, can effectively ensure that listed construction companies achieve their business goals, legal compliance goals, asset safety goals, and strategic goals. As the main way to align the interests of senior managers and shareholders, executive incentives have a very important impact on the effectiveness of internal control. This article first analyzes and discusses the mechanism of the correlation between executive promotion incentives and internal control, puts forward the research hypothesis of this article, then conducts an empirical analysis of the impact of executive promotion incentives on the effectiveness of internal control, and finally draws two research conclusions: (1) the implementation of executive promotion incentives can improve the effectiveness of internal control, and (2) the higher the level of incentives, the more effective the internal control.

The deep excavation construction project becomes more vulnerable to storm disasters along with the tendency of its large scale, longer construction period, and complex process. This paper is aimed at revealing the mechanism of the construction safety accident caused by rainstorm. Firstly, the key factors of the safe construction of excavation project are systematically analyzed. Secondly, the system dynamics model is established based on six subsystems, which are workers, project entity, rescue equipment, adjacent environment, safety protection facilities, and rainstorm intensity. Thirdly, the key safety variables, accident causal chain, and safety risk coupling relationship was identified and analyzed while the model is solved by intelligent algorithm. Lastly, the typical projects are selected for empirical analysis, and the calculation results show that the model can well simulate and analyze the evolution mechanism of the construction accidents and can provide reference for the safety prevention measures of deep excavation in rainstorm weather.

The public-private partnership (PPP) operational mode had gained great popularity in recent years. However, the social capital side, one of the most indispensable participators, had sometimes been in an unfavorable position. So, it’s necessary to carry out an adequate evaluation so as to guarantee profit. This study proposed a CBR (case-based-reasoning) based approach to predict the profitability of PPP project. At the very beginning, literature review method was adopted to extract the critical features, and a case representation model was established. Then, the case retrieval model was established by utilizing grey relational analysis algorithm. A case project, Changsha Airport City project, was employed to verify the effectiveness of the model. The results revealed the model can achieve 82.6% comprehensive prediction accuracy, which provides a comparatively accurate result for profitability prediction. The results could provide social-capital side investors for a reference during decision-making stage.

Residential project is an important component of sponge city construction management, and its performance has a significant impact on the disaster resilience and sustainable development of cities. This paper constructed a novel evaluation model based on the interval analytic hierarchy process and the improved TOPSIS. On the basis of consulting norms and literature research, performance evaluation indicators from the aspects of ecological benefits, economic benefits, and social effects were proposed. To accurately describe the preference and experience of decision makers, the interval analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the index weight. An improved TOPSIS evaluation model was constructed by constructing a virtual negative ideal solution to avoid the same distance with positive and negative ideal solutions that might occur in the traditional TOPSIS. The Wuhan Yujingwan Project in China was selected for empirical research. The results showed that its sponge city performance was excellent, which was consistent with the actual situation. Compared with the analytic hierarchy process, the entropy weight method, and the traditional TOPSIS method, the advancement of the proposed method was proved.

The contractor’s performance behavior is critical to improving construction project management performance. Therefore, the owner can design contract terms of risk allocation to motivate the contractor’s performance behavior, resulting in improved project management performance. In this study, a theoretical model involving risk allocation as an independent variable, project management performance as a dependent variable, and contractor’s performance behavior as a mediator was built to investigate how risk allocation indirectly contributes to the improvement of project management performance. The contractor’s performance behavior is divided into perfunctory performance behavior, consummate performance behavior, and opportunistic behavior. A total of 208 valid questionnaires from the Chinese construction industry were collected and analyzed. The empirical results show that proper risk allocation can induce both contractor’s perfunctory behavior and consummate behavior, and control opportunistic behavior, thus achieving project basic performance. Although the mediating effect of perfunctory behavior is not significant, consummate behavior and opportunistic behavior can play a mediating role between risk allocation and project value-added performance. The findings can enlighten the owner and contractor to choose a proper risk allocation strategy.

In order to estimate the safety construction cost of engineering project scientifically and reasonably, an estimation method based on rough set (RS)-case-based reasoning (CBR) model was developed. Firstly, the safety construction cost influence factors are analyzed according to literature research and construction site investigation. Secondly, the rough set attribute reduction algorithm was used to determine the main influencing factors, and then case-based reasoning method was utilized to establish the safety construction cost estimation model. Lastly, the empirical analysis was conducted on the relevant data of some construction projects. The calculation results showed that the deviation between the safety construction cost calculated by the model established in this paper and the actual cost is less than the commonly rate calculation method. The conclusion can be drawn that the established model can maintain good accuracy during the initial stage of the project while it only can provide limited information.

Issuing the accurate information price of construction materials is an important responsibility of the administrative department of construction industry. This paper is aimed to measure and calculate the information price of commercial concrete and provide decision reference for the administration department. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method was utilized to determine the initial weight of three price channels originated from market entities, informants, and professional website. And then, the BP neural network method is applied to establish the calculation model to measure the information guidance price of commercial concrete. Furthermore, the empirical analysis was implemented, and the result shows that this method can accurately calculate the price of concrete, which is close to the market, which can provide cost management reference for the administrative department of construction industry.

The construction of sponge city has become one of the important means to solve the problem of waterlogging and waste of resources. However, different cities in China have different characteristics; the measures should be taken according to the local conditions during the process of sponge city construction. The construction of sponge city should take the development characteristics of the city, geographical location, and construction status into consideration to choose a more appropriate construction scheme. This paper, taking Tianjin City as an example, based on the comprehensive consideration of the factors affecting the construction of sponge city and uses the analytic hierarchy process to put forward plans and suggestions for the construction of sponge city in Tianjin.

Since the post-COVID-19 era, online teaching has become the normalization of universities in China. However, it is still unclear whether students are satisfied with online teaching and what factors affect online learning satisfaction of university students. Therefore, based on the establishment of basic hypothesis, through the construction of path model and questionnaire survey, this paper found the online learning satisfaction of university students in the post-COVID-19 era in China and revealed the main factors affecting online learning satisfaction. The results show that university students are satisfied with the overall evaluation and sub-item evaluation of online learning, and students have a positive attitude toward online learning. From the perspective of the influencing path, curriculum design and learning environment have a positive direct impact on the online learning satisfaction, while teacher characteristics have an indirect positive impact on the online learning satisfaction mainly through curriculum design and learning environment. From the perspective of the degree of influencing factors, although teachers’ characteristics have indirect influence, the degree of influence is the largest. According to the results, this paper provides some suggestions on the improvement of teachers, curriculum design, and learning environment, to improve the online learning satisfaction of university students.

A model for predicting development laws is established mainly through incomplete information, and some laws can be described in a fuzzy way. The indexes predicted by the grey model system can analyze the basic law of the development of things, and the predicted results directly affect the economic development and income of the predicted things in the future. Therefore, reasonable use of the grey theory model to predict can maximize the economic benefits of the development of things. This paper will stand on the basis of the construction project cost to establish a grey model, the project cost of factors for a systematic analysis.

In the context of the continuous strengthening of the reform and transformation of the construction industry, the development of the whole process of engineering construction consulting has become the focus, providing important guiding ideas for the whole process of engineering consulting for the transformation of engineering cost consulting companies. In this paper, by identifying the demand indicators of consulting service capabilities in the whole process of engineering construction, based on the maturity model, the evaluation of engineering consulting service capabilities in the whole process is carried out. The PDCA cycle theory is used to analyze the continuous improvement process of consulting service capabilities in the whole process, and the consulting service capabilities in the whole process of engineering construction are proposed. Improvement paths and measures for indicators. The results of this study can provide a theoretical framework and practical guidance for cost consulting companies to achieve a more competitive transformation.

As urban development shifts from quantitative expansion to stock-based construction, the convention and exhibition industry, as a comprehensive integration of the real estate industry and modern service industry, has a great pulling effect on the industrial economy, so its scale prediction is very necessary. By exploring the mechanism of the exhibition industry’s effect on economic operation, this paper draws a logical framework for the synergistic combination of the two, and selects 10 main indicators that affect the demand for exhibitions. After screening the indicators using grey correlation, the scale of exhibitions in China from 2011 to 2020 was simulated based on the GM (1, N) model, and its prediction accuracy was better than AIRMA and GM-RBF models. And use it to predict the scale of exhibitions during the 14th Five-Year Plan. Finally, the above results are applied to the strategic choice of government layout and enterprise development.

The entertainment industry opened by Disneyland theme park in the 1950s has shown a large-scale and systematic trend in recent years, and has rapidly developed and occupied the market. It includes a variety of entertainment industries such as theme park, cultural tourism, commercial entertainment, theme games, and art exhibitions. Its space shows a strong interactive, intimate, and narrative trend. How to improve the audience’s desire for independent interaction, strengthen the sense of experience, and complete the intimate narration through the creation of scene environment is a great challenge for indoor entertainment space. Based on the role and characteristics of behavior scene theory in entertainment space, this paper explores the universal law of human behavior in entertainment space. Through the exploration of theme park cases, this paper analyzes the theoretical basis of behavior scene in entertainment space from the aspects of space layout, scene construction, and user behavior, and sorts out and summarizes the design countermeasures and suggestions of theme park space.

With global economic integration, digital and intelligent changes and accelerated research and development of new technologies have brought society into a new stage of development. More and more companies are beginning to pay attention to how to realize business innovation with intelligent technology driven by data. Under the background of the new era, the development speed of the construction industry is also accelerating. If traditional construction enterprises want to achieve good development in the new stage, they must carry out strategic transformation and rely on their core competitiveness to win. In the new era, the realization of corporate strategy is inseparable from the construction of a strategic human resource management system; the implementation of strategic human resource management is the only way for an enterprise to gain a competitive advantage in the future. This article will take a state-owned construction company as a sample to examine its existing human resources management status, and according to the theory of the three-pillar human resource management model, the six modules of traditional human resource management will be split and regrouped into three modules, and specific measures for the implementation of strategic human resource management transformation in state-owned construction companies will be proposed. This study can provide references for other construction companies to implement strategic human resource management.

At present, new generation of construction workers (NGCWs) have become the main force on the construction site in China, but their low professionalization level restricts the high-quality development of construction industry. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and identify various obstacles to the professional development of NGCWs and propose specific countermeasures. Considering the differences in regional economic level and industrial base, this study aimed to explore the obstacle factors of professional development of NGCWs in northern Jiangsu Province. Questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews were used to clarify the current situation and the main problems about the professionalization level of NGCWs based on 253 valid samples in northern Jiangsu Province. Through literature research and expert interviews, 30 obstacle factors that restrict the professional development of NGCWs were identified and summarized from six dimensions, i.e., individual, enterprise, industry, society, government, and location. Based on the analytic hierarchy process and expert scoring, the weight of each obstacle was obtained, and then the key obstacles were determined. Finally, specific countermeasures and suggestions were proposed to promote the professional development of NGCWs in northern Jiangsu Province.

Cost management is key to real estate development. Previous studies have provided a conceptual scheme and quantity take-off tool improving the speed and accuracy of construction cost management (CMM) work. However, cost management requires cross-functional coordination and internal iterations—an efficient environment for data communication and computation. This study developed an ontology-based system to conceptualize CCM knowledge in terms of stages and disciplines. Multiple ontology models and their associated concepts, properties, and rules are extracted from extensive literature and expert interviews to describe CCM procedures for cost estimation and cost management. With the development of data infrastructure and operation platforms presented here, information necessary for and deriving from cost management work is simultaneously updated in the database and distributed following inference rules. Empowered by the model, organizations can save time for planning and decision-making through automatic data reuse and disposal. Construction cost has been well controlled in development, with an average deviation of 2% in our local application. Applications for the design and tender stages are implemented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in the domain of cost management in real estate development.

In the post-epidemic era, in order to avoid market uncertainty, the choice of strategic alliance partners is particularly important. Taking the strategic dual orientation as the starting point, according to the theory of resource dependence, and taking the strategic alliance enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta region as the research sample, this paper constructs and verifies the theoretical framework of strategic alliance partner selection, alliance cultural capital, and alliance performance. The research results show that (1) strategic alliance partner selection (relationship orientation and market orientation) has a significant positive impact on alliance performance; and (2) alliance cultural capital (alliance leadership ability, trust mechanism, and alliance values) plays an important role in strategic alliance partner selection (relationship-oriented and market-oriented), and alliance performance play a partial mediating role.

COVID-19 has brought great challenges to companies, and in order to combat market instability, more and more companies are choosing to build strategic alliances. Strategic alliance enterprises partnership selection is the origin of alliance formation; this article constructs the strategic alliance partner selection, the alliance trust, and alliance performance relationship between the model and puts forward relevant hypotheses, with the strategic alliance of enterprises in Yangtze River Delta as the research object. Through empirical analysis, it is found that (1) alliance partner selection has a significant impact on alliance performance, and (2) alliance trust plays an intermediary role in the relationship between alliance partner selection and alliance performance.

Residence of Western Hunan Province traditional dwellings with its unique and logical construction techniques is now facing the dilemma of gradual disappearance. In this paper, the weaving construction as a starting point, analysis of its application in Eastern and Western context architecture. Taking Western Hunan Province dwelling as the research object, this paper explores its plane form and construction skills under the unique regional culture background, make it out of the gap between the past and the future. Weaving is the original behavior of tectonics. The combination of the two includes humanities and science, which can make a more comprehensive analysis of the connotation and logic of Western Hunan Province traditional dwellings, and provide a useful supplement for the study of its modern adaptability.