ICLEM 2012: Logistics for Sustained Economic Development—Technology and Management for Efficiency

Flow distribution is one of the classic areas of transportation. With the vigorous development of the transportation corridor, the traditional flow distribution algorithm based on the shortest path no longer meets the current transport situation. This paper is based on the model of freight flow distribution by various transportation modes of the regional transportation corridor, combined with characteristics and advantages of each transport mode, so as to reduce the complexity of the model solution. Then this paper will present an actual optimal solution which predicts the burden with different modes of transport freight within transport channels. Data will be offered for regional transport channel construction.

This paper considers the differences in automotive and rail transport. The method of calculating the necessary reinforcement for the transport of goods is improved through this study, and these calculations are then applied to the field of road transport. In addition, the methods developed are used to analyze a cylindrical container which is considered to be half full of water. Through this analysis, the minimum required reinforcement is determined, and any safety concerns that may arise during transport are identified.

Multimodal transportation has become mainstream in international freight transportation. There are many factors affecting route selection, and the two main factors are transportation cost and time. This paper establishes a model for route selection, and this model aims at the optimization of cost with time as a restriction. The K-shortest path algorithm is a good solution to this model, and a practical application of this analysis is examined.

Railway container transport is an important transport form of contemporary logistics. Due to the imbalance of regional economic development and the unreasonable layout of railway container service stations, serious problems of empty container disposition arise. This paper reveals the reason for empty container disposition and introduces the characteristic and target of empty container disposition. Through a specific numerical example, this study establishes a model of the lowest transportation cost of empty container disposition. With the Integer Linear Programming method, the optimal solution has been found. In addition, the rationality of the model is verified.

Considering the current situation in China, studying the development of intermodal transport without the entire economy and the traffic environment is clearly unrealistic. The improvement of the "bottleneck" situation in the national economy of the transport industry, as well as the development of domestic intermodal transport, is an important foundation for international multimodal transport, whose development is closely related to the international trade and transport industry. They have a close relationship of mutual interaction, therefore, among the development of railways, waterways, highways, and other transport industries and freight forwarding industries, and the integrated transport system should be optimized to achieve a seamless transition and specification of the multimodal transport market among different modes of transport. Multimodal transport operations should be developed concurrently, management operating systems of multimodal transport should be established, and full play should be given to government functions. In the development process of multimodal transport, the government should play a coordinating, guiding, and promoting role in strengthening the logistics construction of the port to create a favorable traffic atmosphere.

In recent years, the railway container transportation is developing rapidly, and containerized cargo will implement container transportation. In order to predict the development trend of container transport volume, a prerequisite and basis for the right to develop railway container transportation development strategy is needed. In this paper, the gray prediction model for railway container traffic is used to predict the national rail container traffic volume with the method of gray forecasting with the help of MATLAB. The prediction results show that the gray prediction model has a high degree of accuracy.

With the development of the social economy and modern information technology, the traditional process of railway carload freight-sending is unable to meet the increasingly complex logistics service demands. This paper proposes the concept of logistics process reengineering at first, and then it describes the traditional carload freight-sending process by using the characteristics of Petri net. In order to realize modern logistics operation, some optimizations and improvements are carried out on the original Petri net model based on its shortages. Finally, the simulation analysis is performed with the help of the Stateflow software kit of Matlab to validate the efficiency and superiority of the optimization schemes.

This paper describes the network of container multimodal transportation (NOCMT) problem and builds an optimization model for the NOCMT based on minimum overall expenses in the broad sense of transportation. Then, it explores the heuristics algorithm (HA) by simulated annealing and genetic algorithms. Finally, this method was used to solve a numerical example which consisted of six transferring sites and three transportation modes to acquire the minimum overall expenses in the broad sense of transportation based on rational optimal transportation routes and a multimodal transportation scheme.

The car-to-block assignment plan (CBAP) is one of sub-problems and foundation of train formation plan (TFP). When two 0-1 decision variables corresponding to block plan and car-to-block assignment were introduced, a model of generation all possible CBAPs was established with the constraints of non-circuit, maximum frequency of reclassification, cross relation and cutting off unfavorable plans. In block network (service network) whose nodes represent stations and arcs stand for blocks between two stations, a CBAP is equivalent to a shortest path (SP). Based on this, a backtracking algorithm was provided. Finally, the practical feasibility and effectiveness was verified by an example.

Focusing on the limitations of current urban rail train's working diagrams evaluation method, we start from "the train behind schedule" that affects urban rail train's dynamic performance, researching the dynamic indicators of the train's working diagrams. By using dynamic multiple value background theory, this paper proposes a dynamic indicator static processing method. Finally, on this basis, the urban rail train's working diagrams evaluation method was built. This evaluation method not only depicts performance of the train's working diagrams' dynamic indicators, but also makes evaluation more scientific and reasonable. In addition, it has great potential to improve the quality of the depiction of rail train's working diagrams.

Port berth is the joint of waterway and land communication where ship handling is done. Berth allocation is an important part of port operations and is also the key link of logistics. Associated with berth operation ability and water depth, this paper establishes a 0-1 programming model to make the ship's retention time in the port and the distance between the berth and target storage yard minimum. This problem is solved by the Genetic Algorithm. An example is presented, indicating that the Genetic Algorithm is able to find a satisfactory answer to berth allocation.

With the intensification of road congestion, logistics transport costs are still very high despite the rapid development of logistics and distribution operations. Therefore, wisdom logistics, based on the technologies of intelligent transportation systems and serviced for logistics transportation, become one of the focal points of this research. This paper, based on road traffic condition recognition technologies and the minimum cost maximum flow algorithm, aims to provide adequate transport schemes for logistics vehicle streams in the road network and to obtain the minimum organization cost under the condition of maximum throughput, thereby reducing the transportation costs for logistics enterprises. Also, this study verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of this method with simulated data.

The necessity infrastructure for heavy haul railway is proposed for the rapid development of the national economy. Because of the lack of capacity, the development of heavy haul railway has faced many obstacles. In this paper, "price game model" and "prisoner's dilemma model" are established to analyze the relationship between different transportation modes. The transportation enterprises separately pointed out the necessity of heavy haul railway developing to enhance the market competitiveness.

The attractive region of the railway transport corridor reflects the car flow and, cargo flow network. Accurate definition of the corridor region is the premise and foundation. The paper selects methods to define the difference between direct attractive routes and indirect attractive routes of railway transport corridor. According to the characteristics of the railway transport and on the basis of the shortest path algorithm, the paper studies the railway transport corridor. Last, the paper gives an introduction to the region of the railway transportation corridor.

The purpose of this paper is making a station's distribution scheme of inter-city railway through Grey Decision Making (GDM). Through analyzing factors such as carrying capacity, transportation organization, acceleration and deceleration of trains, reasonable distances between stations are determined and preliminary stations distribution schemes are obtained. By analyzing urban population, GDP, attraction of passenger flow volume and other social economic factors, with the use of GDM, the optimal distribution scheme is raised.

Based on the influencing factors analysis of transfer organization, this paper discusses the transfer organization between Chengdu-Dujiangyan Regional Urban Railway and Chengdu Metro Line 2 from transfer passenger flow, ticketing system, transport capacity matching, and transfer mode is mainly discussed. This paper presents the suggestion that the railway and the metro should use the existing ticketing system and off-station transfer mode.

Transportation modes in transport corridors include waterways, railways, highways, aviation, and pipeline. Each mode of transportation has its own characteristics and advantages. As the single transportation mode in the transport corridor has its own shortcomings, several modes of transport can be combined to address these shortcomings in an effective way. Firstly, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to analyze the related factors of transportation modes. Then, we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each transportation mode, the factors of which include transportation speed, accessibility, reliability, security, flexibility, convenience, energy consumption, and transport costs. Secondly, the proper transport distance of each transportation mode in the transport corridor is analyzed. Finally, several commonly combined transportation modes are analyzed in, such as waterway-railway transportation, waterway-railway-highway transportation, and waterway-highway transportation. At the same time, we can make reasonable transportation programs under the conditions of transport distance and other transportation restrictions, thus providing a theoretical basis for transport corridor planning and construction.

Hub location-allocation problem is a key issue to affect the time and cost of intermodal logistics, and directly affects the interests of the carriers and customers. In the case of hub location-allocation problem in intermodal logistics networks, this paper uses graph theory to describe intermodal logistics networks based on different modes of transport and develops a multi-objective optimization model which encompasses the logistics cost, service time and transportation risks. This model can be transformed through the main target method and uses LINGO software to test and verify.

With the development of international freightage, a single transportation facility cannot meet transport requirements. Combined with a variety of modes of transportation, the simple and efficient container multimodal transportation organization type develops continuously, forming a transportation chain that realizes the container traffic optimized efficiency targets. From the aspects of interests of transport undertaking and consignees and consignors and agents of container cargo, a comprehensive multi-objective programming model adapting to various transportation requirements has been established in terms of operating income, transport costs, holding cost and punitive cost due to delay, time value in the process of multimodal transport. A suitable method is found to solve that problem.

Railyard is an important type of station located in rail network. Its daily operation has a great impact on the efficiency and reliability of rail freight transportation system. In this paper, we investigate the integrated wagon-flow allocation, and shunting locomotive scheduling problem to determine the number of outbound trains but also to assign, and schedule the task of multiple shunting locomotives dedicated for the classification and assembly operation of inbound, and outbound trains. We formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear programming model to minimize the total dwelling time of railcars in the railyard. Due to the computational intractability, a genetic algorithm in which solutions are represented as random keys is developed to solve the problem efficiently. The algorithm is tested on a real-case with 20 inbound trains and 20 outbound trains, and the computational results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm is better than the state-of-art commercial optimization solver CPLEX.

Rail container hub has developed based on the node stations. The container node is most important and efficient, affecting station operations. This is known as the accumulation process of container traffic. In this paper research is done on the influencing factors to find some methods to optimize the accumulation process of container traffic, and put forward some ideals to the construction of the node station.

The newly-built railway from China to Burma was referred to the line from Ruili to Kyaukpyu, the research of its operation management mode has and important impact. This paper mainly studies its financing mode, operation management mode, customs mode and reloading mode. Through the analysis of BOT, this paper determines the financing body and projects of railway; Through the comparison of three operation management modes, this paper advises this railway to take the operation management mode of "joint management and part entrusting"; through the study of customs mode and reloading mode. This paper advises this railway to take the customs mode of "two checks in one place" and concentrates on the reloading mode.

With the growing improvement of the transportation infrastructure and the continuous increase in the volume of world trade, container intermodal market will expand further. To enhance the scientific feasibility in decision-making for multimodal transportation operator, the analysis of the technical and economical characteristics of transportation modes (such as cost and transport capacity) is based on fuzzy planning optimization. This paper presents a fuzzy planning optimization model for multi-modal transportation, in which factors including the transportation time and transfer time with uncertainty, transfer conditions and time-window demanded by customer are considered. According to the characteristic of the optimization model, the genetic algorithm was investigated to solve the proposed model by constructing a virtual transportation network. In the end, a numerical example was provided to validate the model and algorithm.

With the development of IT and high-speed railway, the key factors that are required for the establishment of a railway-oriented multimodal transportation virtual enterprise have gradually taken shape. Hence, not only can they consolidate the leading position of railway in the comprehensive transportation of China but also conform to the strategy of sustainable development of green environmental protection and low carbon transportation. In a multimodal transportation virtual enterprise, there are two kinds of railway-oriented models used separately: the railway-oriented transportation enterprise and taking the railway logistics center as its core. By analyzing the characteristics of the two models, this paper further points out some problems in the railway-oriented multimodal transportation virtual enterprise such as its connection, management, transportation organization, and freight rate, that are in need of resolution through the coordination of National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and relevant management departments. Therefore, the railway-oriented multimodal transportation virtual enterprise can provide a new idea for the virtuous development of multimodal transportation and the rationalization of international freight transportation.

The stop plan of high-speed railway passenger trains is the core content of the high-speed train operation plan. They have key role on passenger service quality and railway transportation efficiency. The content of the high-speed railway passenger train stop plan is proposed by analyzing the train stop set. The collaborative optimization theory of stop plan of high-speed railway passenger trains combined with train working diagram is studied, combined with the analysis of the factors affecting high-speed train stop plan, and based on the target of train stops plan is revealed, which provide theoretical support and technical means for the operation organization optimization of high-speed railway passenger train..

The law of trade-off widely exists in logistics system. Based on iron and steel enterprise, the author builds a joint optimization model of warehousing and transportation and puts forward a decision-making method of railway and highway transportation. When the price of material is higher, the batch of railway and highway transportation is larger and the daily consumption of material is smaller, the highway transportation has an advantage in cost.

A convenient and efficient regional logistics network can rapidly promote the development of regional economy. The form and features of the regional logistics network are analyzed, revealing that the node is the key element of the logistics network. The regional logistics network is divided into regional urban agglomeration logistics network and urban logistics network forms from the point of view of internal and external service functions of urban logistics. Based on this, the model of the logistics economic contact is used to analyze the accessibility of the logistics network of regional urban agglomeration and a space syntax analysis method is used to analyze the accessibility of urban logistics network. Through the analysis of the example, the results indicate that the accessibility of regional urban agglomeration logistics network is related closely to the mode of logistics transportation between the cities and the development level of regional economy, accessibility forms of different urban logistics networks have obvious differences, the accessibility of grouping logistics networks is the highest, the accessibility of gathering logistics networks is higher, and the accessibility of radiating logistics networks is the worst.

Based on the real conditions of urban logistics distribution, the sources of its contradictions are identified for scientifically analyzing the relationship between urban logistics distribution and the traffic organization scheme. The relationship between the government management department and the distribution enterprise is a main contradiction, and the characters of the government management department and distribution enterprises are investigated. Then, the Game Theory issues between urban logistics distribution and the traffic organization scheme are analyzed by. The result shows that traffic and environmental issues cannot be alleviated by implementing a distribution enterprise of limiting vans into the city.

The gray forecasting model and its application to predict logistics scale are introduced in this paper. The GM(1,1) model is set up according to gray forecasting theory and the detailed steps of the model are described. An actual application of a region's logistics scale prediction is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the model. Then, the class-compare verification and remnant verification are used to verify the result is credible.

Through the graphic description of EDI data transmission process, this paper presents the configuration and advantages of the EDI system, and specifically states its wide use in international logistics. The transmission of data produced by the international logistics is tracked in a flow chart, and the application of EDI in Customs department is meticulously analyzed. Finally, the current application of EDI around China is studied, some problems we faced in the application of small and medium-sized enterprises in China are put forward, thorough discussion and suggestions are made on the newly established Northeast Asian logistics information service network.

In this study, the SWOT was used to summarize the comprehensive overview of the expanding logistics services on the expressway service zone in the Sichuan Province. Then, through the establishment of the External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix and the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix, a specific analysis of internal and external factors of expressway services functions was performed. The Service Zone was used to expand the logistics service functions of the factors involved using the Delphi method. For non-quantifiable factors expanding the functions of logistics services, the paper studied the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the weight of factors and conduct a feasibility analysis.

The prediction of multi-commodity freight which flows over a multimodal network has attracted increased interest in recent years. Methods used to model freight transportation demand can be categorized into two general types: spatial price equilibrium and network equilibrium. With a simplistic representation of the transportation network, spatial price equilibrium methods were used to model interregional freight flows. These models determine the flow between production and consumption regions by using demand and supply functions. The most efficient use of the transportation infrastructure is to transport the freight at least total cost. This paper regards the spatial price equilibrium and network equilibrium as a model based on super network and gives the solution algorithm. The objective is to offer a method to forecast the transportation demand and the freight flows on the transportation network at most profit. As an application, the model is used to analyze freight flow on Wenzhou transportation network with STAN.

With the economy development of hinterland of the port and the gradual improvement of the integrated transportation system, Beibu Gulf will become a large, comprehensive and modern port with the features of handling and storage, transhipment, organization and management of transportation, port-neighboring industry, information services, production and living services, modern logistics services, bonded services, leisure, tourism, passenger transport over water, and international cruise port. To the end of the "12th Five-Year", the cargo throughput of Qinzhou, Beihai, Fangchenggang port in Beibu Gulf will improve quickly to 300 to 500 million ton from approximately 100 million ton in 2010. There is an urgent need to improve the rail freight transport capacity for coastal ports in Guangxi province and Beibu Gulf Economic Zone. To solve the railway freight bottlenecks restricted the development of coastal ports and the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone in Guangxi province, freight corridors with large transmission capacity access to the port must be planned soon. It will form a rational layout, coordination of the station and railway line, good accessibility and high quality modern railway transport network. Transport capacity and quality meet the needs of assembling and distributing transportation of the Beibu Gulf and adapt to the economic and social development of Beibu Gulf Economic Zone.

Wagon flows organize and optimize on railway regional network not only consider apparatus and personnel, but also organize and coordinate from every operation link. After analyzing wagon flow routes and train formation plans, an optimization model was established for wagon flow organization on railway regional networks, in which the objective functions were total minimum cost including accumulation cost, resorting consumption, handling expense and operation cost on railway line, and two constrain conditions included line carrying capacity and station resorting capacity. This model can confirm the choices of train formation plan and wagon flow route.

There are many uncertain factors in port service systems. The flexible service strategy can increase the overall competitiveness of ports and facilitate development. It analyzes the connotation of port flexible service, including flexible service type, time and fee, agile response, updated technology, and modular service component. Also, it creates a mathematical model of the port flexible service. The objective function of model is the minimum fee under satisfied ship/cargo time in port, in order to realize the automated allocation of service project and time, and the automated selection of service fee.

The systematic research of regional logistics capacity is the foundation and key approach to obtaining a scientific and reasonable regional logistics network plan. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further study based on a thorough analysis of the research status and existing problems in this field. This paper proposes the "region scope adjustment" idea, and it also introduces a method which is the organic combination of a mathematical optimization model and a heuristic algorithm for regional logistics capacity research. Finally, this paper raises a series of key issues that need to be addressed in the future, such as region scope determination, regional logistics capacity element ascertainment, regional logistics capacity assessment and prediction, regional logistics capacity dynamic optimization, and green reverse regional logistics.

Improvement of production efficiency has been a target in the logistics and manufacturing industry. However, production efficiency and complication are often contradictory. This paper utilized the new innovation method, Triz theory, to solve this problem. It is shown by a numerical experiment that the proposed method is effective.

To study wave-current interaction with square cylinders in tandem arrangement, a three-dimensional numerical model is established. The large eddy simulation (LES) method is used to model the effect of small-scale turbulence. The mean value, fluctuating drag coefficients, and vortex shedding properties caused by the non-linear wave-current interaction with square cylinders of centre-to-centre cylinder spacing ratios between 2 to 5 are numerically simulated. Results show the mean value, fluctuating drag coefficient, and the Strouhal number of the two cylinders are sensitive to the various spacing ratios. When the spacing ratio reaches its critical value of 4, the relevant parameters of the two cylinders alter rapidly, especially for that of the downstream cylinder.

Urban rail transit connecting lines are the auxiliary lines connected to independent operating routes, which establish some connections amongst the lines and make the traffic network a whole. On the basis of analyzing the design method for connecting lines, this paper builds the evaluation index system of urban rail transit contacting lines considering economic efficiency, technical character, and environment factors. The evaluation indicators are then quantified. By determining the weights of these evaluation indexes, we use a comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the connecting lines planning program. This provides a basis for the optimization and adjustment of such projects. The main function of the urban rail transit connecting lines is to play the role of urban rail transit network, to establish some connection between each line and ensure that traffic operations run smoothly (Mao, 2006). Evaluation of connecting lines planning holds an important position in the field of urban rail transit. Johnston et al. (1989) proposed a method of evaluation for rail transit projects based on economic theory and on practice in some agencies. Laird et al. (2009) applied the concepts of option values and non-use values to rail project appraisal. However, research surrounding the comprehensive evaluation method of urban rail transit connecting lines planning is still relatively rare.

On the basis of the analysis of apparel supply chain, this paper proposes an information sharing program based on RFID to solve the information blocking problem between design, production and sales in apparel supply chain. The specific sharing data between each enterprise link and supply chain Collaborative information platform is verified and the functional demand for the information platform is analyzed. Finally, the suitability of the platform for apparel enterprises is further illustrated through a case.

This paper proposes a fast recognition method of urban traffic flow states based on knowledge. The rough sets theory is used to express traffic flow parameters— traffic states and their relationships— and the traffic flow states recognition knowledge base is established based on the knowledge model. Supported by the above traffic flow states knowledge discovery model and knowledge base, a recognition algorithm of real-time traffic flow states based on knowledge is presented. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

From the perspective of matching supply and demand, a concept of generalized cost in a reverse logistics network is proposed in this paper. The logistics cost is analyzed based on time and quantity, both of which vary with the supply and demand matching degree. According to the characteristics of the reverse logistics network, the integrated weight model is established based on the generalized cost, which integrates the time, quantity, and cost into the same function to meet the need of the comprehensive evaluation of the network.

The innovation cluster is key to industry upgrade; meanwhile, it is very useful in guiding the nation to be more innovative. By analyzing the emergence and evolution approach, the paper analyzes the motivation of innovation cluster emerging and development. Through the questionnaire, the paper also analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of ShangHai semiconductor industry and gives suggestions to the upgrading of semiconductor industry from industry cluster to innovation cluster.

The efficient functioning of the Intelligent Logistics Networks and Transportation Systems requires the coordination and effective use of information from all processes of logistics. Technologies used on Intelligent Logistics Networks and Transportation Systems such as mobile information, vehicle locating, vehicle identification, communication, and networks provide vast amounts of multi-source information. Multi-source information fusion is introduced for the management of logistics information in this paper. Through the analysis of the Intelligent Logistics Networks and Transportation Systems, this paper builds a model of information fusion in intelligent logistics transportation and discusses the application of information fusion technology in logistics transportation systems.

On the basis of relevant references, this paper presents the evaluation system of the quality of Special Transport Management System (STMS), and the indexes are analyzed respectively. The fuzzy synthetic evaluation method is used to make the quantification of qualitative issues. A synthetic evaluating model of STMS is established by way of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy identification theory. The evaluation progress is analyzed in detail. Finally, an example illustrating the method is presented and the evaluation result proves to be in accordance with the fact of STMS.

This thesis analyzed the freight loading system of road freight, from the consigner's, carrier's and society's point of view, respectively. After summing up basic constraint factors and reference constraint factors that are affecting the freight loading system, the thesis made assumptions for the optimization algorithm of load matching for road freight. On the basis of the definition of relative factors, it set up a multi-objective decision-making model.

A bi-level programming model is used to describe continuous equilibrium network design problem in this paper. Traffic demand and supply that are both random are described to be respectively truncated normal distribution and logarithmic normal distribution. At the upper level model, the optimization objective is to minimize the mean of total impedance of network system and enhancement of road capacity as decision-making variables. The constrained condition is investment budget. The lower level program is formulated as a user equilibrium traffic assignment model, which link flow defined as decision-making variable. Above all, A Monte Carlo simulation-based genetic algorithm was provided to solve the bi-level model and a satisfied result on the calculation and analysis of a small tested road network can be had.

To improve and enhance the throughput capacity of coal terminal logistics system, a BP neural network model was built to find out which factors influence throughput capacity of coal terminal logistics system and how these factors impact coal terminal logistics system. A case study with data on 34 months collected from a Chinese coal terminal's actual operation was used to simulate, and testify the BP neural network model, which contained 10 input elements and only 1 output element. According to calculation and analysis of this BP neural network model, the relationship between various factors and throughput capacity of coal terminal logistics were gained and the drawbacks of coal terminal logistics system were discovered.

With economic development, the intelligent logistics system is well known. This paper proposes Intelligent logistics distribution along with a brief introduction of intelligent logistics system. After a detailed introduction of the applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and electronic commerce (EC) in intelligent logistics distribution, intelligent logistics distribution model and algorithms, and put forward the combination of ITS and EC which could become the development trend for smart logistics distribution.

The low transportation quantity, and the low speed and the punctuality rate are the problems confronting the development of urban transportation system in our nation. The idea about the guiding system of passing the non-passenger-flow bus station is presented in this essay after researching the present state and the bottleneck of the development of the smart transportation in other countries. The purpose of the system is "passing the station rationally", which means not stopping at the non-passenger-flow bus stops. By equipping the button box at the bus stops and bus doors, the information about the passengers getting on and off is collected. Therefore, the vehicular SCM will give the judgment of the necessity of stopping the bus when the bus is arriving at a station. If there are no passengers getting on and off, the driver can pass the station with the indication.

The Internet of Things is one of the new fields of future science and technology development, and it leads the world's third information revolution, affecting our production and life. According to the problems existing in current warehouse management, this paper combines the warehouse management system with the Internet of Things technologies, such as RFID, GPS, and sensor technology, to construct an intelligent logistics warehouse management system based on the Internet of Things. This study focuses on analyzing the overall structure, workflow, and functional module of the system. The system proposed solves problems, such as the low efficiency of the logistics information process and the low level of automation, and achieves the cyberization, intelligentization, and informatization of warehouse management. Further research should be made to improve security and to minimize the cost.

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is a new automatic identification technology that could replace the bar code, speed up the operation of the supply chain, and improve the efficiency of logistics. Based on these factors, the basic principle and features of RFID technology are described first, and then the applications and advantage of RFID technology in the logistics management field are analyzed. Finally, the practical factors which may block the application of RFID technology in logistics are mentioned from three aspects of the standard: cost, security, and reliability.

Under the circumstance of interconnection charges as highways extend, encrypt and form a network, ambiguous path identification is becoming a common problem in the development of the highway interconnection charges. This article introduces the existing methods of ambiguous path identification and focuses on the application methods and the feasibility of ambiguous path identification based on radio frequency identification technology.

This thesis takes the discharge queuing system of harbors as the research object. Exemplified by actual statistical surveys, it divides the port operation time into three periods according to the varied average time intervals of vessel arrivals. Finally, based on Flexsim, it performs modeling and simulation of the queuing system in terms of the three periods for the purpose of optimizing the quantity of the unloading berths as well as enhancing the working efficiency of ports.

Time, space, flow" design process is studied in signalized intersections. According to the design process, space-time design schemes are considered by the space design, time design and space-time integrated optimization design. In this paper, Shi Ying Street and Shanghai Road intersection in Jinzhou is taken as an example. Combining the design process, traffic design of effective coordination along with the "time, space, flow" is studied. Based on statistical analysis of survey data of the intersection, the initial program is adjusted by the use of Synchro software in delays, queue length, degree of saturation, and service level aspects in order to select a better solution.

The last few years have seen many technologies of Internet-of-Things that can potentially have major impacts on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In particular, traffic congestions, emergencies and accidents, inefficiencies in transportation infrastructures, flow regulation, and status of the vehicle itself can be overcome through effective utilization of these technologies. This paper considers the potential connection of vehicles to form vehicular networks that communicate with each other, exchange information either directly or indirectly and contribute to a more efficient and green future world of transportation. The application of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in building Internet-of-Vehicles provide the safe, rapid, and environmentally compatible travel for people. By reading the information on the RFID smart tags, we can get necessary information in the Internet-of-Vehicles to make the transportation system smarter.

The ideas, principles, and methods of system science and network optimization are applied in this paper to analyze the framework and function of port logistics. In addition, the handling capacity of main operational lines and subsystems are introduced, and the harmony theory and calculating method of the synthesis handling capacity of port logistics are studied. An optimization model of the system network capability and Algorithmic steps are proposed. Furthermore, the validity and operability of this theory are tested by a numerical example. The chief measures to improve the synthesis handling capacity of logistics system in port hinge have also been proposed.

In the distribution links, collecting goods information of flow route, stay time, storage sites, and other factors can help logistics enterprises, manufacturer, the owner of goods, transport enterprises, and goods recipient to understand the related information of goods without delay. Logistics enterprises could optimize the distribution route dynamic to reduce logistics costs through information collection. Currently in the field of maritime transport logistics, locating goods and flow route has been solved by using GPS, However, in land logistics processes, because of different and diverse land environment, simple use of GPS positioning technology cannot fully meet the requirement for goods positioning. Other wireless positioning technologies like A-GPS positioning technology, mobile positioning technology, ground wireless measurement, and control network positioning technology can compensate for the lack of GPS. This paper mainly analyzes the characteristics of different wireless positioning technology and its application in the field of logistics.

Since the access of Things, the collaboration of military logistics subjects' activities and intelligent processing directly influences the achievement of intelligent military logistics based on Internet of Things technology. This paper puts forward ideas on how to solve these problems, and introduces intelligent models of decision-making, procurement management, warehouse management, transportation management, distribution management, operation monitoring & control according to military logistics operation process.

This paper illustrates the meaning and basic framework of the Internet of things (IOT) system in the field of military logistics. This paper suggests that some important subsystems should be pushed forward, and the construction of the IOT system should be directed by some specific missions that mainly include the application of intelligent sensing technique, the building of automatic warehouse system, visual transportation dispatching system, standard information system of military logistics, and data center of military logistics. In the field of military logistics support, to make decision-making more intelligent and scientific, it should be more preemptive and quicker to get information, more accurate to transmit and share dynamic supporting information. The paper argues that IOT system in the field of military logistics is an important way to solve the problems above.

For an expressway which has a cross-section of main road and auxiliary road, and operates under the coordinated control method at the exit and its adjacent intersection, a model is based on blocking index that will demonstrate how to improve traffic efficiency of the area, including expressway exit and its adjacent intersections. The blocking indexes of expressway exit and it's adjacent intersection and the traffic states is also described. The coordinated control strategy can be carried on according to the traffic state of each control point and their mutual relations. The simulation of Vissim, as control strategy proposed is assumed and is proved to be effective.

Intelligent Logistics has been listed as one of the national "Twelfth Five Year Developing Planning in the Area of Internet of Things" key demonstration projects. How to push forward research on basic theories and enabling technologies of Intelligent Logistics, which is characterized with the Internet of Things, is becoming the focus of logistics theories and logistics industry development. As time and space is the basic existence form of logistics, improvement of logistics efficiency and reduction of logistics costs depend largely on the extent of logistics time and space utility. Based on basic demand of organizations for efficiency and value improvement of logistics time and space, integrating Internet of Things architecture and technology can realize intelligent identifying, locating, tracking, monitoring and managing of logistics and form basic theories and enabling technologies of Intelligent Logistics. Basic theories of Intelligent Logistics include mechanism of objects identification and visualization, models for logistics resources intelligent scheduling and optimization, and operation modes and security maintenance of logistics. Enabling technologies of Intelligent Logistics include sensing technology, intelligent decision technology, security technology, etc.

To achieve identifying, locating, tracking, monitoring and managing in the context of Internet of Things, things should be digitized firstly. The identification process, which includes coding, labeling, identifying, transmission, resolution, and application, is for digitizing what is referred to as 'things'. Things identification is the base of interconnection and ordered management. However, current standard, technology, management and regulation of the things identification method is not unified, integrated and standardized. There are bottleneck problems which restrict the development of technology applications of IoT. Standard, technology, management, and regulation, which constitute the things identification support system, are not only relatively independent but also connected to each other. Based on the demand of IoT in things digitizing, and by studying the framework, the function and other basic science problems of things identification support system one can realize support and coordination of things identification process.

Vehicle operating speed on exit ramp changes along with the ramp alignment, vehicle power performance, driving environment and driver characteristics. The inconsistencies between operation speed and design speed is often a hidden trouble of traffic accidents. According to the result of partial correlation analysis based on the measured off-ramp geometric parameters and operating speed data, main geometric factors affecting the operating speed on exit ramp nose, circular curve midpoint and connection are determined and the operating speed prediction models on exit ramp nose and circular curve midpoint are set up respectively. The research findings provide a theoretical basis for the off-ramp safety design and speed limited.

Aging obacco leaves is an essential part of cigarette production. The aging process of tobacco leaves usually takes a long time, about 1-3 years, but now tobacco leaves are piled and batched in stereoscopic warehouse which have a big occupancy of area, difficult temperature and humidity controlling, bring about serious loss of raw material which is caused by mildewing, and infestation. To solve these problems, this paper designs an automated logistics system for aging tobacco leaves which can realize compact storing. This system is designed as a modular form of standard unit and most equipment can be shared within the units. By a simple estimate, the tobacco company can determine the number of storing units. Besides, it facilitates the budget for investment, and features of low-cost construction.

The backdrop of the new military revolution in the world could be used as the idea and the technology of IOT in military logistics. It can be in favor of stepping up the surging power of our army's sustainment, and it will be the trend of our army logistics in the future. This paper introduces the issue of emergency logistics services platform based on IOT, and realizes integrity to information, interaction to resources, supervision to state and coordination to link.

Tunnel damage seriously threatens road traffic safety. Extent of damage is evaluated through tunnel cracks. By getting the tunnel surface images, automatic recognition image processing tools are applied for tunnel cracks and analyze effective image data and related information on original surface image of the tunnel to achieve automatic target recognition and evaluation of cracks. Through reasonable image enhancement methods, the study could reserve cracks details and effectively suppress noise under requirements of identification of cracks. At the same time, the image is enhanced to better highlight the difference between crack and the background. The study has proposed a modified fuzzy enhancement method of fuzzy image. The image threshold segmentation algorithm based on fuzzy set is applied for image processing with the cracks characteristics. On the surface of the tunnel research results is helpful to automatic identification of tunnel defects on the surface and reduction of cracks bearings on tunnel life.

Forecasting of national expressway network scale is an important part of expressway network planning. It is a complicated problem due to its strong nonlinearity and small quantity of training data. Firstly, An AGA-SVR forecasting model is proposed by combining the support vector regression (SVR) and adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) in this paper. Support vector regression (SVR) has been successfully employed to solve regression problems of nonlinearity and problem samples, but selecting appropriate parameters, which is a combinatorial optimization problem, is very crucial to learning performance and generalization performance of SVR. An adaptive genetic algorithm is used to determine the free parameters of support vector regression. Finally, examples of the scale data of China national expressway network are used to illustrate the performance of the proposed AGA-SVR model. Experimental results demonstrate that the AGA-SVR outperforms the BP neural-network; the AGA-SVR model is a reasonable alternative to forecast national expressway network scale.

Pedestrian's degree of satisfaction with non-signalized intersection' safety and other level of service for pedestrian crossing is a comprehensive index which it is difficult to obtain when evaluating the design quality or operation level of non-signalized intersections. However, the degree of satisfaction is a latent factor that can be estimated from observed factors, such as: design characteristics of non-signalized intersections, traffic flow characteristics, or behavior and qualitative environment factors, using structural equation model. In this paper, five non-signalized intersections are chosen to sample data for building the proposed model. From the score of degree of satisfaction and their coefficients' values, the size of intersection, the traffic volume, and intersection supervise measures and pedestrian delay are the predominant factors which affect the satisfaction of pedestrian.

In this paper, we investigate a modeling technique for analyzing the port business process using Petri net. Based on the case study of the YF port in Guangdong province, China, a Petri net model on the YF port's business process is built to find its bottleneck, such as time and resource limitations. After that, an optimized petri net model is proposed and a simulation test of the port business process is processed on Arena.

The degree of logistics development has become an important part of a country's or a region's comprehensive strength. Even in some parts the logistic industry is the pillar industry in the local economic development. In this context, more and more research has started in succession of logistics planning, however, the logistics planning takes great man power and wealth, evaluation appears very important. The evaluation of planning is a multi indexes and multi-objective problem, which becomes a hot issue. It is important to make correct judgments in the process. This paper give a group language information-based method to evaluate the logistics planning, further, an illustrate example is also given to verify the developed method and to demonstrate its feasibility and practicality.

Based on China railway freight volume statistics from 1978 to 2010, this paper analyzes railway freight time series' numeral characteristic with the using of econometrics method. According to freight time series unit root test, prove that freight time series is a two-order fractional integration serial. Observing the residual of freight time series after two differences the paper got autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation, then established China railway freight volume ARIMA forecasting model. Through testing the forecasting modal, it was found that the result is satisfactory. Finally, the paper forecasts the railway freight volume of 2012 and 2013 and the precision is high.

In order to describe evolution rule of network traffic flow, cell transmission model was established and computation method of link travel time was presented. Variation trend of network average travel time was analyzed under two situations of providing instant information and forecasting information. The results indicate that: when congestion exists on links, providing forecasting information can shorten travel time and improve network performance.

The Stochastic Demand Inventory Routing Problem (SDIRP) is a kind of typical NP-hard problem. Considering the coordination and optimization problem of inventory and distribution in the supply chain is the key to implementing vendor managed inventory (VMI) and is one of the most active directions in the OR realm. This paper studies the stochastic demand IRP with hard time windows (SDIRPHTW), and decomposes it into two sub-problems: stochastic inventory problem and routing schedule problem with time windows restriction. Then a heuristic algorithm based Markov Decision Process (MDP) and modified C-W algorithm is presented. Finally, the efficiency of the algorithm is analyzed through a numerical example.

The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is always used for price forecasting, but it is often difficult to obtain the nonlinear information. World crude oil prices have nonlinear and time-varying characteristics, so an ARIMA and BP neural network combinatorial algorithm is presented for world crude oil price forecasting. The ARIMA model is put forward for linear information. The nonlinear message is in the residual series, so the BP neural network is used to simulate the residual series and get the nonlinear information. By comparing the crude oil price prediction results of the ARIMA model, the BP neural network model and the combinatorial algorithm, it is shown that the combinatorial algorithm has the highest prediction precision.

This paper proposes to give an introduction to the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) which has been created to normalize the European railway signal. It provides some basic knowledge about the ERTMS, its architecture and varying application levels of the ERTMS.

In order to satisfy the modern logistics requirement, the article establishes a two-function model to optimize the layout of the railway container station. Two objectives: one is to minimize the total logistics flow cost, and the other is to maximize the adjacency-relationship degree among facilities. The Genetic Algorithm is a new approach to solving complex problems.

In order to realize computer drawing with network and dynamic management, the passenger and freight train operation diagram, "China Railway Train Diagram Compilation System3.0" is developed, which is accessible to draw train diagrams with remote network and collaboration. With a brief related background introduction of drawing train diagram by computer in our country, system functions are highlighted. Key technologies of the system, for example, satisfaction optimization method of the train operation diagram based on hierarchical decision, train operation diagram data structure design method based on railway sections and technique based on group collaboration are studied.

In order to develop a program to calculate indexes in high-speed train CRH running process on passenger dedicated railway such as train's running time, the maximum speed, and energy consumption and so on, an automatic constant speed train traction calculation model and algorithm is built by the paper. The CRH train operation process is divided into four parts: the start and traction accelerate process, constant speed traction process, speed regulation braking process and pull-into and brake process. Each calculation algorithm is established respectively for each process. Finally, the models and algorithms are tested and compared with non-constant speed traction calculation model. The test demonstrates that the model and algorithms are effective.

As people change in consumer attitudes, an Enterprise has to deal with the distribution problem which can provide quick response time in environments of more-variety, less quantity and more frequent purchasing. To solve the problem, the Enterprise must be more automatic and efficient. Single stacker in multiple aisles AS/RS System will help to solve the problem. The optimal dwell point location has significant impact on the system efficiency. This paper studies the optimal dwell point location of a stacker in random storage policy for multi aisles AS/RS system.

For the intelligent dispatching of wagons-flow in railway hubs, not only does the dispatcher at station need to plan the organization depending on passive arrivals, but he or she also can initially ask for the organization from upper stations according to their demand. On the basis of the dispatching decision of passive wagons-flow in a railway hub, the dynamic dispatching decision of active wagons-flow is studied. A mixed-integer, double-level optimization model is built. For fitting the characteristics of the model, such as multiple variables and constraint conditions, and for meeting the timeliness requirements for dynamic dispatching, a relevant algorithm to solve the model is presented.

The mill supervision is the owner to entrust a qualified third party to control the quality of the whole process of the suppliers' production. It relates to the inspection of the procedures from raw materials to the product shipment. It is an all-around quality assurance about the internal and external. High-speed railway material's mill supervision combined the respective advantages of social equipment supervision and military representatives. The supervision introduced relevant technical experts as the monitors, and set up the strategic alliance with the Association of Waterproof. These measures played key roles in the materials quality source management of the railway project. This paper takes the mill supervision of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway polyurea spray materials as an example, and employs the supply chain governance theory to analyze quality risk control mode. So that it can be a reference for later project mill supervision, even in other industries.

To compensate for the defect that the existing norm of metro channel width does not take the service level into account, the metro channel and passengers were described as a queuing system, and a queuing optimization model was built based on the parameter characteristics. Doing so introduces the service level of passengers into the calculation of metro channel capacity and forms a new approach for the metro channel width design. To test the queuing optimization model, a stochastic simulation was programmed. The tests were performed for different volumes of passenger traffic and levels of service, demonstrating that the results of queuing optimization model and stochastic simulation are very close and show a significant growth trend with the increase of service level whereas the results of the existing norm show a trend of level. In the minimum service level, the values of the three methods are relatively close.

The volume of traffic flow is one of the core elements in evaluating the profit of a highway construction project, and the forecast of expressway traffic will determine the construction scale and the arrangement of construction sequences. This is the fundamental basis of carrying on economic evaluation and financial evaluation. By risk analysis, this paper has analyzed uncertain factors of social economy, population, and competitive mode of transportation, and also expounds the features of the risk arising. After the probability distribution of the risk factors and numerical calculation method of loss is explored, a traffic forecast model based on risk analysis is established. Finally the forecasting traffic is simulated with the Monte Carlo method; the forecast curve is obtained which then can calculate the probability of the traffic to occur.

Improving the scheduling of university classrooms has a positive effect on stabilizing the teaching order and improving the quality of teaching. Taking the classrooms' utilization and students' requirements into consideration, job denotes course and machine denotes the different types of classrooms by a triplet. Thus, classroom curriculum is described as a parallel machine with machine eligibility restrictions. Its ultimate objectives are minimizing Cmax as well as the sum of tardiness. Then, the corresponding optimization scheduling models are built on the basis of analysis to the scheduling features. The Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied to solve this problem. In the end, this paper verifies the proposed algorithm's feasibility through a real example. We believe this is due to the combination of both approaches and the ability of the resultant algorithm to converge all solutions at every search process.

Hospitals manage their human resources more effectively and optimize nurses' use in order to simplify the work of nurse scheduling and satisfy the human requirement of creating the nurses' working schedule. With the goal of creating a more effective method of scheduling nurses' working schedules, we first establish the multi-objective mathematical model on the basis of the constraints of nurses' working schedules and the results of previous studies. Next, this paper designs two heuristic scheduling algorithms using the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm to solve this problem. Then, MATLAB is used to program the optimization scheduling intelligently. Finally, through a numerical simulation of an actual case, the results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the genetic algorithm.

Focusing on the unfixed-tract double-shoulder circuit locomotive's working diagram, a mathematical locomotive's working diagram model is established for both paired and non-paired trains' working diagrams. With the purpose of minimizing the total time that the locomotive stays in the two turn-back stations and the basic station, the Ant Colony Optimization is used to get the optimized trains' configured schedule for the unfixed-tract double-shoulder circuit locomotive's working diagram. Then, after turning the mathematical model of the unfixed-tract double-shoulder circuit locomotive's working diagram into a Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), the improved Ant Colony Optimization is used to solve the TSP. By testing an actual problem of a train's working diagram, the result shows that the actual locomotive working diagram can reduce the total time that locomotive's stay in basic sections, and the required number of locomotives decreases by about 45% and 10.7%, respectively.

More than ever, supply chain security requires unprecedented attention. This report of security strategies in supply chain expatiates on the recent trend and appeals to analyze why security strategies have received more attention throughout supply chains in recent times and discuss how strategies can be implemented along the total supply chain to make it more secure. Meanwhile, what are some of the impacts to the supply chain members will also be concerned.

A quasi-dynamic model is presented for evaluating the recovery reliability of a road network during an incident. This model is composed of: (a) the Link Transmission Model that describes the traffic flow propagation in the road network and (b) the Logit based route choice model that describes the travelers' route choice behaviors affected by incident. The incident duration is assumed to be a stochastic variable that follows a specified distribution. For a given value of the incident duration, the incident influence time can be achieved by analyzing variations in the queue length through this quasi-dynamic model. An evaluation procedure based on this model is also provided. Finally, a numerical example is used to demonstrate the model and the procedure.

This paper utilizes the principal/agent models to study the design and selection of pharmaceutical care contracts based on the effort level of both parties. We design the corresponding optimal contract in three situations. The performance of pharmaceutical care is modeled with the principal's efforts and the agent's effort. Under this performance function, we obtain the expression of the total surplus under each contract. The conclusion is that the performance of pharmaceutical care projects is more sensitive to the agent's effort, so the fixed-fee contract with a payment contingent on performance is optimal.

In order to explore the interlinkages between land exploitation and road expansion, an integrated model is proposed to describe interactions between two kinds of agents, i.e., planners and commuters. The integrated model is formulated as a leader-follower problem (a bi-level programming). In the upper level, planners make decisions of the land exploitation as well as the road expansion, with objective of maximizing the social welfare. In the lower level, commuters choose their travel alternatives following the disutility minimization principle. Subsequently, the accumulated commuters perform as traffic flow on road network, which in turn affect the planners' decisions. On basis of sensitivity analyses, a heuristic algorithm is presented to solve the bi-level programming model. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the application of the proposed model and the solution algorithm. The results show that an optimal solution with maximized social welfare could be achieved by certain integrated scheme of land exploitation and road expansion.

This paper describes the development of a simulator which can integrate five kinds of cranes' handling functions. Based on researching five kinds of large scale cranes' driving and controlling functions, this article analyzes the feasibility of the integrated simulator. Furthermore, the cranes' virtual models are built using 3DS MAX, and we can control their inner relative mechanism motion with Quest3D. The multi-screen stereo projection technique is used to produce high quality video with a wide angle of view. Proven by practical tests, it is concluded that this simulator has excellent training effects.

Irrational setting locations of guide signs not only affect the traffic efficiency but also traffic safety. The effect is more critical at intersections. This paper aims to develop an evaluation method for rationality of setting locations of guide signs at intersections on traffic efficiency and traffic safety. Firstly, mean velocity and mean acceleration is selected as evaluation indexes. Secondly, non-dimensionalization of indexes and the evaluation method is built up. Lastly, the real traffic flow data collected from the intersection of G329 and Luoxia Road in Ningbo City is used for simulating by using software VISSIM, and effectiveness of the evaluation method is verified.

Stability of surrounding rock in each grade is largely complex in tunnels. It is not even, if the grades are same. Based on a large number of numerical data from in-situ observation, and theory of qualification, quantitative evaluation method of surrounding rock sub-classification with two traffic lanes during the construction has been analyzed. And coefficient and standard of evaluation for surrounding rock subclassification has also been established. By in-situ abundant application, the result could be regarded as evidence for surrounding rock sub-classification by quantitative evaluation method.

Agency is one of the effective methods to relieve the pressure of ticket office. Its' rational planning and layout has practical significance for increasing ticket sales and the convenience of passenger travel. This paper analyzes the influencing factors and uses of AHP to quantify them to determine a preliminary distribution of agencies. The paper uses traffic zones division method to choose the candidate and demand points, establishes a 0-1 programming model of the agencies' layout, and utilizes a method called LINGO to solve the problems. Additionally, the essay verifies the validity of model and algorithm by calculation.

The present research on traffic safety shows the connection between the accidents and the impact factors. This connection provides the basis for decision-making. However, the data accumulation of accidents is not comprehensive and changes frequently. The prediction of traffic safety has always existed small samples, nonlinear and partial convergence of technical difficulty. The traditional methodology, such as linear regression, nonlinear regression, etc., can't overcome the problem and the result is not ideal. Therefore, the choice of forecasting method considers using self-learning, self-optimizing characteristics of the adaptive model based on the 1953-2006 statistics, the recent emergence of the RBFN model, ε -SVR model, RF model to predict traffic safety, and to compare forecast results. The Study shows that RF model has good adaptability and high prediction accuracy. With China's rapid economic development, the ownership of cars and drivers increased rapidly, nationwide road milestone is growing, resulting in high rates of road traffic accidents. Through the macro analysis of road traffic safety, we can summarize the whole situation with the National Transportation Safety accident data for a particular city, grasp the general characteristics of traffic safety, judge the traffic safety trends, identify factors affecting the development of traffic safety, determine trends in traffic safety, identify factors affecting the development of traffic safety, assess road safety policy, etc. Therefore, the macro-analysis of road traffic safety has important practical significance.

Many companies suffered a great loss because of the damage of their supply chain which is lead by disasters. So it is strategic to study the reliability of a supply chain network. A reliable supply chain network is presented in this paper which can perform well under normal conditions and also perform with low cost when damages happen. A network design model is proposed based on the network presented. In the model, the risk of logistics networks was reduced by robust optimization and also minimized the cost of the network under normal circumstance. At last, Lingo software is adopted to test the model to ensure its reliability.

As an important raw material of chemical industry, the logistics and transportation of quantities of sodium cyanide has sharply increased. However, the accidents of sodium cyanide ISO-tank transportation occur frequently, which cause huge negative impacts on society and the environment because of its high toxicity levels. In order to ensure smooth transportation of the hazardous chemicals, we must strive to control the dangers of transportation to eliminate and reduce accidents for the safety and property of the people. On the basis of risk analysis of ISO-tank transport of sodium cyanide, this paper studies the reasons leading to accidents. It also studies people, vehicles, ISO-tanks, roads and managements in detail. At last, it focuses on the countermeasures for safety management of sodium cyanide ISO-tank transport on the view of safety assessment in order to provide some guidance for the healthy and sustainable development of this industry.

Statistics regarding road accidents suggest that the quantity of traffic accidents at night is approximately 30% of the total accidents for the whole day. This paper first treats the overall situation of road traffic accidents, then goes further to analyze the intrinsic interdependence among four different lighting conditions and respective traffic accidents. A cause analysis of the statistics is also conducted to supply a valuable reference to the road transportation development and prevention of road traffic accidents.

Road lighting is an important municipal facility which contributes to improving traffic transportation efficiency, guarantee traffic safety, benefit people's travel and beautify cities environment. This article provides a brief introduction on quality indexes of road lighting, covering road luminance, uniformity ratio of road illumination, glare restriction and lighting inductivity, among which includes each index's content and importance in road lighting, as well as factors which effect traffic safety. This article is written to improve the level of road lighting and the security of traffic.

This paper takes Quality Function Deployment (QFD) as the theoretical basis of risk control and, with the Correlation matrix of HOQ, customer requirement risks are transformed into service elements. Combined with the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, we find that the risks produced in staff professionalism and information systems need to be controlled the most. In addition, the QFD is verified as an effective way to control the logistics risk of E-commerce.

In order to find the optimal path without the catastrophic accident, one parameter is used to describe the risk attitude of the decision-maker for hazmat transport in the disutility risk model. After analyzing one numerical example and the model, it was discovered that if the parameter value is inappropriately assigned, it is not certain to achieve the desired effect. Actually, for a given network, there must be a critical value and the selected optimal path must avoid the catastrophic accident, only allowing the parameter value to be greater than the critical value.

In this paper aiming at the serious harm of drunk driving, the author designed a new device for banning drunk driving. By using the alcohol sensor to detect the change of the alcohol density close to the driver, conversion of the analog signal to digital signal through A/D, and the signal to SCM to control the ignition circuit is sent. When the value of alcohol density exceeds the normal range, the buzzer will alarm, and at the same time the relay will break the ignition circuit, so it can prevent the vehicle from starting and preventing the traffic accident due to drunk driving.

For ship engineers, it is difficult to find out the cause of the marine hydraulic system failure. This paper mainly elaborates the fault diagnosis steps, commonly used diagnosis methods and how to confirm the fault location to help ship engineers to deal with the fault. A variety of failures may occur in the marine hydraulic system. The causes of the failures are not exactly the same even on one occasion. It is the integrated result of many factors. Although the equipment maintenance department has begun using condition monitoring techniques for early detection of the failure to provide the evidence for predictive maintenance, the fault diagnosis on marine hydraulic system still relies on the analysis and judgment of experts who have extensive practical experience. Diagnosing the faults, we must analyze all the factors and pay attention to its intrinsic link to find out the main problem. Only in this way can we easily find the cause of the failure. In the hydraulic system, the various components, auxiliary devices, and oil are mostly closed in the shell and pipes, not like the mechanical transmission, which can be directly observed from the outside. It is also difficult to measure conveniently the circuit. Therefore, it takes more time to find the cause of the failure and to define the fault position becomes even more difficult. So it is necessary to discuss the fault diagnosis methods on the marine hydraulic system (Fan and Yang, 2009).

Human behavior is a major factor in the occurrence of accidents at shipping companies. Thus, safety training is essential to improving workers' safety awareness and behavior, constructing a corporation safety culture, and improving economic efficiency. For keeping diversity and combination between multinational shipping enterprise cultures and their influence on organizational behavior and individual behavior, the article analyzes a method of establishing safety training system and builds a training system model based on the PDCA. In addition, this study establishes the basic guidelines of operation and protection mechanisms, as well as other various elements, to identify the best way to conduct safety training in the future.

Freight overload in highway transportation is a common problem in China, and there exists a long-term Game relationship between the transportation enterprise and the government regulator. To solve the highway overload problem, we build Game models between transportation enterprise and government regulator which considered both complete information and incomplete information. Through the Game analysis, we find that the extra income because of overload, the penalty and the supervision cost affect the player's strategies. And at last we put forward governing countermeasures in dealing with the freight overload.

In this paper, we research the location problem of a civil explosive distribution center. The site selection of a civil explosive distribution center is remarkably different from the site selection of an ordinary distribution center. Particular consideration should be given to the safety of the facility location. The Self-Organizing Map (SOM) neural network is used to analyze and process the factors that influence the site selection of a civil explosive distribution center. An optimization is performed and a decision is made using multiple candidate solutions. The analysis performed indicates that this method realizes the classification of relations through competition amongst neurons and can perfectly meet the requirements for the site selection of a civil explosive distribution center.

Location of passenger station where passenger-dedicated line is introduced into railway hub is a complicated problem. This paper established a comparison and selection scheme model based on fuzzy matter-element. According to Wuhan-Guangzhou Passenger Dedicated Line introduced into Changsha railway hub, 11 evaluation indexes, such as total engineering investment, scale adaptability, station developing space and so on was determined. Then we determined the entropy weight of each index and sorted all evaluation plans by computing a similar approach degree to get the best scheme. This Evaluation Model can effectively avoid the influence that was brought from the uncertainty of evaluation standards and the subjective factor. From the evaluation results, it was scientific and rational.

Taking both general factors and special factors of hazardous materials into consideration, the election of logistic center sites is limited by the methods and technology of the inventory and transportation safety. In this paper, the factors above are regarded as the evaluating indicators in the proposed evaluation system. On the basis of data envelopment analysis (DEA), the text builds a CCR model to evaluate several locations. In the model, the alternatives are DMU. The input and the results of the model are the evaluating indicators. Furthermore, the CCR model is ameliorated, which has proven the feasibility of the solutions. Minus the most efficient location, the text analyzes the insufficiencies of other DMU. As the comprehension evaluations are completed, the calculation of an example is given to show the rationality and effectiveness of the method.

Based on the fact that the problems restricting cooperation and development between 3PL and 4PL appeared in recent years, this paper uses theoretical analysis methods to analyze the main advantages and existing problems in the development of 3PL and 4PL, respectively. Then, the paper identifies the problems, which are incomplete complementary advantages and irregularities in the cooperative development between 3PL and 4PL. A conceptual model is also constructed to summarize them. At the same time, the paper offers solutions against these problems, which include expanding the scale of 3PL and 4PL, accelerating the construction of the information platform, and improving the education of talents. Finally, the paper constructs a multi-objective optimization model to demonstrate the effectiveness of these solutions in order to provide theoretical support for solving the restriction problems on cooperation and development between 3PL and 4PL.

The quality safety problem of fresh produce is a major concern. This paper analyzes and compares with quality safety supervision mechanism of fresh produce in both China and abroad. Meanwhile, with China's national conditions to put forward the following two kinds of innovation of quality safety supervision mechanism of fresh produce: as the core to the supermarket and the circulation processing enterprises, those two innovations severally aim at the Chinese domestic market and international market. It can establish and perfect the quality safety supervision mechanism, and to ensure the operation of fresh produce current system orderly and efficiently.

The circulation system of agricultural products has several problems such as small operation scale of main flow, weak cooperative consciousness, inconspicuous regional division of labor in production, scattered main flows in circulation, and cutthroat competition between them. In order to fully utilize sources and improve service of main flows in circulation, it is urgent to design cooperative mechanisms to promote cooperation between main flows in circulation; increase cooperative profits and reduces cooperative costs. On the basis of former researches and in accordance with the current problems in circulation system, this thesis, with cooperative mechanism as its core, attempts to construct a cooperation form of labor division, mutual trust and mutual understanding from macroscopic view so as to increase initiatives of main flows in circulation, lower transition cost, and achieve reasonable allocation of resources.

In recent times the rapid globalization of markets, the increase in international trade, and technological advancements have dramatically improved the reach and integration of business between countries. This impels logistics to be among the first function that can be outsourced to organizations whose core business is logistics itself, which are known as third-party logistics providers (3PL). This study identifies and analyzes the factors that influence the decision of whether manufacturers and retailers outsource or run logistics in house. Based on a theoretic study on relevant data and literatures, the study indicates five key factors that influence the decision: core competency and corporate culture, in-house technology capabilities, overhead and fixed logistics costs and customer service and risk control. Moreover, following an in-depth evaluation of the entire supply chain process, the study provides a decision framework to help firms make the decision.

The scientific analysis and selection for logistics center location is a key section in establishing a logistics system. By making an in-depth study on the uncertainty in the selection of logistics center location, this paper presents a comprehensive method based on Entropy fictitious ideal solution for logistics center location selection and an actual example is introduced. The results show that Entropy fictitious ideal solution method not only can combine comprehensively the relative approach degrees among the evaluation indexes and the fictitious indexes but also have the more strong objectivity than other subjective methods for logistics center location selection, so the evaluation results should be more rational and more objective. This method will provide a scientific analysis model for the enterprise to choose the best logistics center location.

Faced with large scale emergency accidents, emergency facilities are of prime importance. In order to solve large-scale set covering location problem, an improved genetic algorithm was proposed in this paper. The improved genetic algorithm combines the following several aspects, such as the initial population by the heuristic algorithm, the crossover operation and mutation operation based on self-adaption genetic algorithm. After the improvement, the 4 instances are tested by the improved genetic algorithm, the experimental results are shown that the algorithm in this paper than other algorithm are optimized in both efficiency and quality.

Transportation plan of a logistics enterprise includes selection of transportation routes, and coordination of transportation resources and transfer stations. For a large-scale logistics enterprise, large amount of orders and huge transportation network make the optimization of transportation plan very complex. This paper designs a two-phase algorithm, which includes the Dijkstra algorithm and tabu algorithm. The test of the actual business data proves the algorithm is very effective in solving the transportation plan optimization in a large-scale logistics enterprise.

Based on the node importance, this paper carries on research to marshalling station location problem. The node importance evaluation index is established and principal component analysis (PCA) is adopted to calculate the index weight. Then, the formula of node importance is presented. In the end, an example is given to prove the validity of this method which can be regarded as a new method to quantity the marshaling station location problem.

This paper identifies and analyzes some key factors in humanitarian logistics based on document analysis under China's actual situations. Stakeholder theory is used to build a conceptual model and two types of questionnaires are structured and distributed to NGOs to find the way they perceive these challenges. Multiple regression analysis is used to see which challenges are the most significant. The challenges of humanitarian logistics in China could be identified from three aspects: disaster lifecycle, NGO type and location, and stakeholder environment. Five of the most significant challenges are: limited infrastructure, lack of collaboration, difficulty in obtaining real demand information, underestimation of humanitarian logistics, and lack of logistics experts.

In order to evaluate warehousing performance evaluation for logistics enterprises, based on five principles, this paper presents five evaluation indices. In practical engineering, the indices are defined; their calculating methods and grade values are given. According to basic principles of subjective and objective weighting methods, an evaluation model for warehousing performance is built on the means of a combinational evaluation method based on Multi-objective Programming and an example is given to validate the practicability of it.

During the study of forest-pulp enterprise production logistics flow sub-systems, the enterprise production logistics subsystem compound model was produced using the Petri Nets model and the object-oriented model as the theoretical basis. The pulping process is also discussed based on the composite model of logistics balanced mathematical principles.

An important factor in reducing casualties and property losses is reducing the response of emergency materials. This paper proposes an emergency material reserve model based on government centralized reserve, shelter decentralized reserve, vendor contract reserve, and retailer dynamic reserve, and the emergency material mobilization system structure is constructed. Finally, some problems of emergency material reserves and mobilization systems are analyzed, and suggestions are made.

Green logistics has been the inevitable trend of the modern logistics. The development of green logistics industry in Wuhan will play an important role in the implementation of the rise of Central-China strategy. This paper uses SWOT analysis method to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in implementing green logistics of Wuhan. It proposes that the government should increase the propaganda and financial subsidies for green logistics as well as participate in the development of green logistics technologies, and the enterprises should strengthen the construction of informatization and other strategic recommendations for Wuhan.

Emergency projects' optimal resource scheduling covers a complex and dynamic environment. The theory of constraints confirms that a bottleneck determines the whole system's performance. Dynamic scheduling of bottlenecks can simplify the complex system's problems. Firstly, the problem's characteristics were analyzed from the aspects of the optimal goals, which are the machine environment, processing characters, and constraints. The mathematical model was then built, and using the hybrid rescheduling strategy and the improved genetic algorithm, the dynamic scheduling of the bottleneck resources was accomplished. Finally, an example case demonstrates the algorithm's feasibility and effectiveness.

With the concept of a low-carbon economy, environmentally friendly measures have been taken in every field to guarantee sustainable development. Low-carbon logistics plays a vital role in creating a low-carbon economy. As an important link of the supply chain, the distribution of retail industry restricts the formulation of a low-carbon economy. This paper introduces the background of the low-carbon economy and logistics, then analyzes that we face. After that, an optimization model on low-carbon logistic distribution is established to reduce distribution costs and decrease the emission of greenhouse gas. Finally, with the help of this research and the C-W algorithm, an optimal solution is been found and some suggestions are proposed from respective aspects of macro and micro scale. Population explosions, shortage of natural resources, energy crisis, food shortage and environmental pollution have all been a wake-up call to human development. The concept of sustainable development was put forward for the first time in the report of Our Common Future by the UN, which points out that the interrelationship of population, resources, environment, and development should be balanced and that development should be made on the premise of not damaging our offspring's benefits.

Low carbon logistics is the trend of the future logistics development. By the analysis of the Internet of Things technology, this article discusses its application in low carbon from the aspects of the enterprise, between enterprises, and after-sales recovery. It also establishes a low carbon logistics system based on the Internet of Things, to realize the enterprise internal between enterprise, and eventually the whole supply chain of low carbon logistics.

In this research, a complete reliability evaluation index system and a complete calculation model of railway emergency logistics supply chains are built based on analyzing the characteristics of emergency logistics and railway transportation. The concepts of emergency logistics and the reliability of emergency logistics supply chains are expounded. Various influencing factors on the reliability of railway emergency logistics supply chain are analyzed for the collection link, the transportation link, and arrival link of emergency materials. According to these factors, the reliability evaluation index system of railway emergency logistics supply chains is established, consisting of 4 first grade indexes: security reliability, time reliability, material utility reliability, and railway emergency ability, in addition to 13 secondary corresponding indexes. Based on the reliability evaluation index system, the calculation model of railway emergency logistics supply chains is established by using BP neural network algorithm. Finally, some measures for improving the reliability of railway emergency logistics supply chain are proposed.

Redundancy of emergency logistics' evaluation indexes has a big influence on the evaluation result of emergency plans. So, we must choose a scientific method which can eliminate redundant indexes to establish a reasonable evaluation indexes system of an emergency logistics plan's emergency capability. At the same time, this adjustment makes the index system more reliable. First, based on expert advice, this paper builds an initial subjective evaluation index system of emergency logistics and classifies indexes by fuzzy clustering analysis. Then, the indexes are screened by the theory of grey relation degree. Finally, the evaluation indexes system is obtained after redundant indexes are eliminated. The effectiveness and practicability of the proposed index system is then verified by a calculation example.

This paper puts forward three modes of contingency logistics under Military-Civil Integration. This research also analyzes current problems, such as the ignorance of its importance, the lack of an alerting system, the incomplete distribution system, and the low informatization level contingency logistics under Military-Civil Integration, and it presents countermeasures to enhance it. Finally, an evaluation model is built based on the BP artificial network.

After the Wenchuan Earthquake, the Chengguan express railway was built to improve reconstruction efforts in seismic areas. Due to the low passenger flow in this area, the scales of the passenger stations are relatively small. However, it is still difficult to organize the space of the stations as a result of financial limitations in seismic areas. The entire line was elevated and will be operated as part of the transit system in the Chengdu municipality, making it more difficult to organize transportation. Taking the Pengzhou passenger station as an example, the function and the traffic demand forecast of the station area is studied, and a method to organize the transportation is also presented. In conclusion, it is proven that the key point is to make good use of the space under the elevated line. Based on this, several suggestions are made regarding how to plan the area of transportation space and manage the microcirculation system.

This paper researches a green supply chain comprised of one manufacturer and one retailer. We build the profit model of the whole green supply chain considering strategic customer behavior, and compare the two kinds of optimal order quantity of this supply chain under traditional mechanism and option mechanism. Research shows that traditional mechanism fails to maximize the profit of the whole green supply chain, while option mechanism can increase the order quantity equal to the quantity which maximizes the profit so as to coordinate the green supply chain.

The effect of multimodal transport corridor is affected by many factors, so it is a key issue to apply rational indexes to evaluate the corridor in an appropriate method. In this paper, from the perspective of social benefits, corridor technology and degree of shippers' satisfaction, an index system is built according to the index building principles, and then the index system is evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on the characters of the indexes. Finally, a corridor as an example is evaluated to obtain the evaluation rank and proposal of development of corridors in the future, which explains application of the method in the evaluation of multimodal transport corridor.

Emergency logistics is to control the further development of emergencies, taking the unconventional ways, and supplying the emergency relief supplies to the events within the dynamic characteristics of the special logistics activities. Based on the rescue equipment emergency logistics, this paper provides the necessary lifesaving equipment to the affected points. The solutions about emergency logistics distribution routing optimization have been analyzed by quantitative methods, and the potential establishment of a mathematic model basis on trying the best to shorten distribution time. Also it gives the chaos ant colony algorithm to solve steps. Through the analysis it can be concluded that this algorithm has higher optimization quality, and improve its distribution efficiency.

The reverse logistics model of waste electrical and electronic equipment is summarized. Analysis on the different model from the competitive environment, the core ability, social responsibility and other aspects, constructed the reverse logistics decision-making indicator system. Using analytic hierarchy process, analyze the decision-making process for the enterprise reverse logistics mode of waste electrical and electronic equipment.

The paper researches the decoupling relationship between transport economical growth, energy consumption and carbon emissions in China during 2000-2009 with the related theory and measurement model on "decoupling" and "coupling". The results show that the follow-up emphasis of decoupling work is to further improve the technology of transport energy efficiency, focus on optimizing traffic mode and energy structure as well as improving the energy production structure and energy consumption structure.

The food cold-chain emergency logistics quality management is a new field in current logistics research. This paper presents the key factors which influence the food cold-chain emergency logistics, and constructs the quality management index system from four aspects: collection, storage, transportation, and distribution. Furthermore, it lists the detailed indexes based on the index system, and evaluates the indexes through the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.

China is a country in which natural disasters occurr frequently. After a natural disaster happened, the most pressing thing is sending relief supplies to the disaster area with the fastest speed. Therefore, emergency logistics network optimization of natural disaster is of great significance. To begin with, this paper expounds the concept of natural disaster emergency logistics (NDEL). Then, it analyzes its characteristics and several key factors which affect its efficiency and benefit, and designs NDEL network. In this paper, the optimization is divided into two stages. In the first stage, considering the shortest total time of logistics network operation and the highest reliability of network connectivity, it establishes an NDEL network optimization model at the front of distribution from distribution center to rescue points, and is solved by sensitivity analysis. In the second stage, it establishes an optimal path selection model at the end of distribution from rescue points to disaster points based on grey theory, and is solved by an appropriate way. Finally, an example shows these models are effective.

After an incident or disaster happens, the most important thing is ensuring emergency supplies and equipment arrive at the affected area or refugee shelter. The eight dynamic indicators as the main factor to the evaluation of emergency logistic dynamic support capabilities were put forward. Each Indicator describes different side of emergency logistics. After determining factors, each index mathematical expression was gave respectively. A dynamic model for evaluating the support capability of emergency logistics is established. The model has good data processing capability. The contribution rate of every index and accessibility of general index can be deduced by analyses of the indexes and evaluation object. In the end, an example is used to test the model for evaluating the support capability of emergency logistics.

As a major source of carbon emissions, the logistics activities is important to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to relieve climate change. This article analyzed the measurement model of the logistics industry CO2 emissions, calculated the CO2 emission factors and emission coefficient for different energy, and accounted the CO2 emission data of the logistics industry in Henan Province by the method of direct energy consumption, analyzed the total and unit cargo turnover CO2 emissions dynamic changes of the logistics industry in Henan Province in 2001-2010. By the accounting and analysis of dynamic changes of the total and unit cargo turnover of carbon emissions of the logistics industry in Henan Province, the carbon emissions emission reduction targets of the logistics industry in Henan Province can be scientifically formulated.

At present, more and more attention has been paid to lower-carbon economy. Therefore, higher and higher requirements were put forward in energy saving and emission reduction among enterprises. Meanwhile, the collection of carbon tax had been put on agenda by the relevant departments, which would put the logistic enterprises under the challenges of rising cost. In this background, how to reduce carbon emission and lighten carbon tax by optimizing the location of logistics distribution center is a new problem for logistics enterprises. Considering the carbon tax, this paper tried to analyze the logistics distribution center location model under the low-carbon context and optimized the logistics distribution center location by mathematical mode, then tested and verified the model.

Choice of emergency logistics route in the event of a sudden natural disaster is a multi-objective evaluation problem. It is difficult to realize accurately because of strong uncertainty and fuzziness, but it is easy to express as Symmetric Triangular Fuzzy Number (STFN). STFN are gained through fuzzy matter-element comprehensive evaluation on the main influence factors of road network's sections. Considering the problem of finding a path which the retrieve vehicle can reach the destination from the start node in a given deadline with the maximum satisfaction factor, an algorithm is proposed to solve this problem by using the shortest path approach repeatedly. Hence quantitative gist for decision of emergency logistics route was provided.

Under emergency conditions, procurements must be responsive and effective. In order to make up for the scarcity of relevant information needed for timely procurement decisions, this paper proposes an emergency procurement decision support system, which uses a hybrid case-based and rule based reasoning approach to determine the varieties and quantities of supplies. On the basis of the discussion of key technologies such as case representation, case retrieval algorithm, hybrid reasoning mechanism, the framework for this emergency procurement decision support system(EPDSS) is constructed. The study aims at expediting procurement procedures during emergency situations and is of great significance.

The European Union introduced a regulation in 2009 on low-carbon logistics regulations. The purpose of this new European environmental policy item is to set carbon dioxide emission performance standards for new passenger cars and begin to inflict punishment on those automobile manufacturers which do not achieve the requirements. However, the regulation has remained a matter in dispute ever since it was introduced. It is often difficult to find balance between achieving the limitation of CO2 emission from passenger cars and maintaining the competitiveness of the EU automobile industries in European and global markets. This paper aims to introduce this regulation, discuss the responses of different vehicle manufacturers, analyze the feasibility of the CO2 limitation, and find some possible improvements.

When unexpected events occur within a city, scientific methods can be used to help decision-makers route emergency vehicles. Dispatching this decision method effectively improves emergency response abilities. The focus of this paper is the effectiveness, safety, and economy of emergency material transportation under time-varying conditions and structure features, which is the objective function. By weighting the dimensions, the multiple attribute decision making problem is then transformed into a single attribute decision problem. The maximum expected utility program of the vehicle routing model is chosen, and the design of the Dijkstra algorithm is used to further improve the solution. Finally, an example analysis is performed to prove the feasibility of the proposed method.

Based on one logistics service integrator and one functional logistics service provider, this paper researches the capability coordination of a logistics service supply chain while considering reliability. Under demand uncertainty, expected profit models were built. The optimal logistics capability order quantity and all expected profits can be calculated when the logistics service supply chain system reaches a coordination state. Finally, by numerical simulation, this paper analyzed the change in the reliability and punishment cost accompanied by a change in the optimal capability order quantity and expected profits.

China's agricultural supply chain has many constraints which restrict the rapid development of the rural economy and the international competitiveness of agricultural products factors. This paper analyzed the biochemical characteristics of the green agricultural products, the loss in the logistics process and the storage life. Considering the amount of loss in the agricultural logistics process as well as the agricultural products transport time, the green agricultural supply chain logistics network optimization model was constructed based on the arrival time to determine the number of nodes and locations of various logistics. After that, a reasonable distribution of material flow path was constituted to minimum the total cost of the supply chain. Its solution is proposed in this paper.

In this paper, we address the production planning problem for the pharmaceutical manufacturer that has developed a new drug. The pharmaceutical supply chain is composed of pharmaceutical manufacturers and distributors. As the demand for a new drug from the downstream sites of the pharmaceutical supply chain is uncertain, random variables are not suitable for this case, and triangular fuzzy variables are instead used to model the uncertainty of the demand from downstream sites. A production planning, decision-making model based on the possibility theory is developed to determine the production plan for the manufacturer to minimize the cost and maximize the fill rate of orders from downstream sites. An example of the pharmaceutical supply chain is used to illustrate the proposed approach.

The logistics network cost optimization problem is researched by variational inequalities. A third party logistics enterprise operates the logistics network. First, it constructs the structure of multi-level logistics network. Second, it considers the supply capacity of the network construction to meet the logistics needs, and does not allow resources to idle waste, redesign its logistics network. Lastly, the model is operated with a minimum goal of the optimization model; the model is transformed into the corresponding variational inequality and the equivalence of the solution of the variational inequality model solution with minimal optimization is proven, including an example for validation.

A determination of the delivery routes for logistics vehicles is one of the key links in logistics delivery operations. According to the situation that prefers to select static information, such as path mileage and road facilities, rather than dynamic information, such as the changes of road traffic conditions, in determinations for delivery routes, this paper has established a model for calculating the delivery routes with minimum expected time in different periods and road traffic conditions with considerations for transportation distances and loads of different types of vehicles. This is based on the mileage-saving method and identification of urban road traffic conditions by floating vehicle information collection technology with GPS. This model has been applied to simulated data and proved to be feasible and effective.

Based on the basic characteristics of inbound logistics with milk-run and the basic idea of disruption management, this article analyzes the disruption management strategies that a company should adopt when disruption events occur. By using the basic theories of economics, a time-delayed measurement model incorporating those multi-stage factors is presented. Meanwhile, the article analyzes the deviation costs as a function of Future Cost, Transportation Cost, and Punishment Cost, which are all directly related to disruption events.

The role of the Pallet Pooling System is to achieve the efficient circulation of logistics and resources. Building a Pallet Pooling System on the basis of the Closed-Loop Supply Chain is easy to implement for China. Gradual establishment of a Pallet Pooling System in China is very important for the development of green logistics. This paper chooses the best recycling program by using the genetic algorithm to solve the problem of pallet recycling. Finally, it provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of the Pallet Pooling System

Under the low-carbon economy circumstance, highly competitive market force companies attempt to gain a competitive advantage and market share through keeping the whole supply chain low-carbon. This paper uses two factors based on the Shapley value method, the low-carbon contribution level and the level of effort, to investigate the programs of benefits distribution for low-carbon supply chain members. Its purpose is to ensure that the low-carbon supply chain members find a balance between the pay and benefits and to promote the reasonable and rapid development of low-carbon supply chains.

From the perspective of online group-buying practices and theoretical research, the management of online group-buying risk has been the key constraint to its development. An evaluation index system is established based on the consumer's preference, and adapting cluster analysis to determine the risk factor weights, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) is performed to quantify its risk factors and assess the risk level of each factor. This provides a quantitative reference for the operation and management of network platform operators and merchants.

This paper creates an interest distribution mechanism, including interest distribution model and guarantee policy. The interest distribution model is based on the theory of supply chain management, the game theory and the cooperative economy distribution principle. It allocates interest twice, and the second allocation uses sharpley correction model to calculate the actuarial rate of interest distribution. The guarantee policy ensures the interest distribution model runs steadily. The new mechanism can improve the overall efficiency of supply chains and the members of agricultural circulation system can realise revenue sharing and risk sharing, which realize by sharing the risks between the farmers and retailers then increasing the farmers' income.

This paper studied on the optimization and simulation of production system in the green supply chain, and used the Flexsim simulation software to simulate the optimization process, then established the comprehensive evaluation model to evaluate the result of the simulation. This evaluation model can provide more clear reference for the reasonable planning and scientific decision-making.

This paper, as to the quality control of logistics service under the port supply chain structure of two leveled logistics services, establishes the principal-agent model of port supply chain logistics service quality. The research provided here also studies the supervision decision of service quality of port enterprises under situations of symmetric and asymmetric information. Finally, the above results are compared, showing that the port enterprises should first measure the punishment size of internal and external loss penalty and then make the decision for the supervision level of service quality. The quality control of good logistics services is of great significance. This paper, from the perspective of quality benefit, studies the differences and similarities of the supervision decisions of service quality under situations of symmetric and asymmetric information for the logistic enterprises in the system of specific contract using the principal agent theory. The goal of this study is to provide some reference for the logistic enterprises to choose the proper supervision measures.

As international competition intensifies, technological development and worldwide deregulation make the logistics systems and processes more sophisticated and challenging. Firms have been more and more concentrated on their core business functions, which generally include design, production, marketing and sales. This impels logistics to be among the first function that can be outsourced to organizations whose core business is logistics itself, and these organizations are known as third-party logistics providers (3PL). This paper mainly focuses on the exploration of the main attributes that a logistics service provider should have to be contracted by a leading grocery retailer. After a review of relevant literature and a study of two actual cases (M&S and Tesco), the paper presents three attributes: low price, technology capabilities and operation experience.

This paper addresses the bulk goods transportation and inventory problem. An integrated transportation and inventory model, which determines optimal purchase amount and ordering point of an enterprise, was formulated with constraints of rail direct transportation quality, the storage capacity of demander and the safety stock. The objective is to minimize the total cost of logistics system including transportation costs, shortage costs, ordering costs and storage costs. An example is presented to demonstrate the process of model establishment and its feasibility.

It's an unsolved problem to quantify the value of the Green Supply Chain. This is due to the following: 1. The value of the Green Supply Chain is impacted by external cost and internal cost. It's hard to quantify the external cost in case of normal running of the company. 2. The value of the Green Supply Chain is composed of material value and utility value. Utility value is extra value compared to the traditional supply chain. The value of the utility is up to the working of the whole system, so it's very hard to be quantified It's almost impossible to quantify the value of the Green Supply Chain in the normal running; but when the Green Supply Chain has collapsed, there is a way to make it. This paper built a model to quantify the value of the Green Supply Chain in reverse analysis, which is called value model of the Green Supply Chain. In the case of the research of the impact of Sanlu Milk Powder in the collapse of the Green Supply Chain, a loss of 245.279 billion yuan has been studied. Keywords-Green Supply Chain; value model; failure analysis; quantify

As a fresh product (vegetables, tropical fruits, etc.) production place of China, Yunnan agriculture product logistic has the characteristics of large amounts and variety of kinds. However, there are a lot of disadvantages in the cold chain system of Yunnan that has prevented the service level from keeping pace with the rapid development of agriculture industry. In this paper, the contents are as follows: (1) propose the problems and shortcomings of Yunnan agriculture products cold chain network; (2) analyze the demand for the cold chain logistics of agricultural products in Yunnan; (3) build the regional and across regional agriculture products cold chain logistics networks.

A dynamic closed-loop supply chain model with product remanufacturing is proposed. In the closed-loop supply chain system, used-product return rate has dynamic characteristics. The collecting efforts in this period would directly affect the return rate to increase or decrease compared to the last period. By build the differential equation about product return rate, whose variation velocity is determined by investment in the reverse channel, dynamic model of manufacturer collecting used product is developed. The optimal control strategies of both manufacturer and retailer are found by the differential game approach. The optimal strategies and optimal profit of both manufacturer and retailer are analyzed.

Logistics cost is one of the most important factors in factory production. Recently, it plays a very important role in iron and steel enterprises. This paper aims to construct a suitable model for iron and steel enterprise production logistics diagnosis. This paper first analyzes the main characteristic of iron and steel enterprise production logistics system, and constructs production system logistics structure. Then, a diagnosis model in the field of logistics function level is established. From the viewpoint of the logistics rationalization principle, the diagnosis model adopts the key factor analysis and KI (Key Index) principle based on the characteristics of iron and steel enterprise production logistics. The diagnosis model is a multidimensional diagnosis system. It contains descriptive analysis and diagnosis analysis. Finally, practice results show that it plays a guiding role in iron and steel enterprise production logistics optimization.

In this research, the closed-loop supply chain structure is constructed according to the operational flow of reverse supply chains in the mobile phone industry. A model of the closed-loop supply chain super-network is also established, including the suppliers, manufacturers, retailers, consumers, and recyclers. Then, variation inequality is used to analyze the equilibrium conditions of various decision-makers in the closed-loop supply chain of the mobile phone industry, by which the transaction price and the trade volume of various decision-makers are obtained. Finally, a numerical example is set to verify the feasibility of the model, thus providing the analytical basis for all participators' benefit equilibrium and the stable development of the whole supply chain.

Based on the complex weighted network theory, logistics service supply chain-weighted network mode is constructed in the paper. Nodes prefer members, edges describe the connections between members, and the edge weight indicates the strength of the economical relationship between members in logistics service supply chain. Several important parameters to reflect the network characteristics are analyzed. Some ideas of edge weight index design are put forward. The paper provides a new perspective to study logistics service supply chain and could provide some inspirations for further study and operation of logistics service supply chain.

Along with the advance of market economy, the deepening of economic globalization, it makes the uncertainty of market demand increase, the competition among enterprises intensifying. The small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have to carry on the organization and the system form innovation for enhancing the international competitive power themselves. Cluster economy in China has developed rapidly. They greatly promote the local economy in China has developed rapidly. They greatly promote the local economy development enormously. In fact, the industrial cluster in the low level of repeated construction and low efficiency operation have become the bottleneck of the development of local economy. Thus, the cluster supply chain has been proposed as a new management philosophy. Based on the background, this paper presents an analytic framework for cluster supply chain. The framework includes five layers. Each Agent can correspond to the actual operation of the entity, based on the messages between Agent interactions.

This paper deals with research on (re-)designing CKD logistics processes of automotive supply chain. The standard requirements of operational process improvements can be analyzed, supported by software tools OTD-Net and LogiChain developed in the Fraunhofer-IML (Dortmund, Germany). For analyzing the whole supply chain (net) including the countries of origin and destination a scalable model-based approach is proposed. Starting from modified CKD-strategies the cost impact can be estimated along the whole chain. Therefore this approach offers the identification of cost drivers for each pre-defined supply chain module. All processes like loading/ unloading, repacking, container loading and warehousing are involved. The model allows the impact analysis of individual variables and the optimization of the CKD-process.

Some problems exist about transportation and inventory integrated consideration in logistics system. The paper makes an integration optimization model based on a supply chain management. The numerical example is the feasibility and practicality. The model optimizes the logistics system and provide scientific basis for enterprise policy-makers when they formulate relevant solutions The two link cost of transportation and inventory is the largest part in addition to the purchase cost in logistics costs. The study results showed that transportation and inventory is opposite. If it wants to reduce the transportation cost, smaller less large batch modes of transport need to be taken. But the market demand of the products is to the large order than the product quantity within a certain period of time to lead to large goods backlog. It increases inventory cost. If it wants to reduce inventory cost to ensure that the smallest inventory, it must rely to small amount and many times transportation way. This means that inventory cost is down, but transportation cost is increasing. So when studying logistics system to combine transportation and inventory as a whole in supply chain management the activities can be coordinated of the entire supply chain more comprehensive and systematically to make the supply chain enterprises to realize "win-win".

Current research focuses mostly on the method of forecasting where demand is presented in a seasonal way, or features a trend. But some research studies the inventory control strategies. We study the inventory control strategies of thermal coal based on the demand affected by season and trend. The trend and season indices are calculated firstly with the classical time alignment decomposition method. Then the two indices are joined together with the ROP model to get the improved model.

Using the method of system dynamics, the causality of the logistics service supply chain structure is analyzed both systematically and dynamically. Based on the analysis of the related incentive factors, the logistics service supply chain incentive mechanism has been researched, which includes supplier selection incentive, cooperation incentive, profit distribution incentive and information communicating incentive. Furthermore, the relevant incentive measures are proposed.

Supply chain management (SCM) has become an important indicator to characterize the core competitiveness of enterprises and the basic guarantee of the enterprises' survival and development. This paper discusses concepts of supply chain and the meanings of SCM, and then analyses the development opportunities and trends of SCM.

In order to realize the fine cost accounting and management in logistic center of tobacco circulation enterprise, with the analysis of the basic principles of Activity-based Costing as well as the combination of the operation process of the logistic center and the characteristics of its cost structure, this paper constructs a general model for the activity-based costs of tobacco logistic center. This model will study and elaborate the process and method of cost accounting which consists of four links of the establishment of resource pool, the designing of activity pool model, the confirmation of cost accounting object and the designing of cost driver model and finally exemplify the application of ABC.

Based on the principal-agent theory, this paper researches the principal-agent relationship between logistic supplier and demand. Under the mechanism of Benefit Sharing, there is a game relation between logistic supplier and demand. One could choose the Nash equilibrium strategy which benefits themselves because of maximization of benefits and avoiding risks, which can't achieve overall optimal benefit. Based on the game relation, this paper analyses how to coordinate benefit between the two sides and develop Pareto optimality.

This paper reports the problems and challenges in the logistical system of Changhong, a representative Chinese home appliance enterprise. The recent efforts in implementing logistical system reform in Changhong since 2004 are analyzed. The mechanism of the logistical system reform on regaining competitive advantage in Changhong is illuminated. This shows that Changhong is trying to use logistics and supply chain management as competitive business weapons in the face of a shifting market environment. It is concluded that the logistical system reform acts as a lever for Changhong's transformation.

There are several influencing factors of railway logistics capacity on steel manufacturing, of which the marshalling station throat capacity is a major factor. In this paper, the utilization method was used to diagnose the marshalling station throat ability and to propose appropriate rehabilitation programs. In addition, it was also used to identify the specific impact of the factors that limit the ability. With the optimization program, the marshalling station can not only meet the normal production demand, but also meet production demand in the case of fluctuations.

A scientific assessment of the efficiency of logistics networks is a solid foundation for their advancement. This paper introduces in the concept of using the degree of supply-demand matching to evaluate the distribution network. By analyzing the impact of time, amount, and expense over the distribution network, a generalized cost function is composed. Further, a comprehensive evaluation model is built for a tobacco distribution network.

There are problems of low efficiency but high costs in the supply logistics system of Chinese oilfield. Aiming to reduce the cost of logistics and enhance the efficiency, the petroleum industry in China plans to outsource all its functions of supply logistics. This study adopted a cost measurement model to help the mangers to make a decision. Data are collected from a real accord of a big Chinese oilfield. Results can be drawn and arrive at the two conclusions: it is not a reasonable decision to outsource all products logistics functions; those low valued, large volume and non-special products will enjoy the advantages provided the 3PL company.

This paper analyzes the status of green agricultural products and logistics development both domestically and aboard to identify the problems existing in China's agricultural logistics and supply chain. On the other hand, food safety issues are becoming increasingly serious and infringe on the fundamental interests of the people. Therefore, green, safe, high quality, and nutritious agricultural products become the choice for consumers, resulting in higher requirements for the development of the agricultural supply chain. This paper proposes a security support system to ensure that the green agricultural products closed supply chain operates efficiently and reliably, and a detailed description of the support system is given.

A road congestion pricing model is proposed, taking reliability and unreliability into account simultaneously under link capacity stochastic degradations. The proposed model is formulated as bi-level programming, in which the upper level subprogram is the maximization of social welfare while the lower subprogram is the mean-excess user equilibrium model with elastic demand. In consideration of the complexity of the bi-level programming model, a combined solution algorithm based on the genetic algorithm (GA) and the project and contraction algorithm (PCA) is presented to solve the proposed model. A numerical example is also conducted to illustrate the proposed model and the solution algorithm.

At present, the domestic landscape design of the Logistics Park is in its initial stages. The landscape aesthetic feeling of the park's design gives the feeling of urban suburbanization. Based on the analysis of the landscape of domestic and international Logistics Parks, this article sums up the basic principles of landscape design of modern logistics parks. Combined with China's basic national conditions and urban development stage, the feasibility of development of the landscape design of the Logistics Park, and landscape design is researched in detail. Finally, according to the features and landscape demand of the logistics park and minimum subordinate degree, the main elements of the design of the Logistics Park are proposed.

Based on retail with the integration of characteristics of new technologies, the original three-dimensional model of business mode that was put forward by Mark Johnson and Henning Kagermann is modified in this research, and a new model is formed. At the same time, this paper raises the dynamic evolution mechanism of IOT's applications business mode and divides the evolution mechanism into three phases. Then, the paper utilizes the new model of business modes to structurally analyze the three phases above, and the process of conversion about IOT's value chain is researched in detail. The analysis shows that in the dynamic evolution of business mode, the customer's value improves continuously and more members join in the industry chain of IOT, creating their own unique value to benefit from the entire value chain.

This article discusses the problem mode of purchase return by reverse logistics and mode to purchase return existed society is stated briefly. The Green logistics concept, which will reduce the cost of logistics, offered a new mode to purchase return. In this way, not only could commodities be stored in sellers' warehouse, but also be kept in the buyer' warehouse. Then, the Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to explore the feasibility of this new reverse logistic process, when it is applied to four kinds of commodities found in e-commerce market. Finally, based on the AHP results several features were analyzed of the goods applied to the new returning process.

This article uses pricing strategy to guide green demand and combine green degree, product prices and ordering quantity to help enterprises use pricing strategy to overcome positive externality and gain green profit, help encourage green product and achieve market green transformation. This paper introduces the substitution coefficients and uses the linear functions to describe the relationship of demand and price. Take the advantages of joint pricing to study how the monopoly can exploit the price-driven substitution to pricing the green perishable products. Via the pricing model analyze the conditions of optimal green cost transfer pricing; then, provide the enterprise the optimal pricing and ordering strategy.

This paper focuses on the traditional Green Supply Chain (GrSC) retailers' neglect of strategic customer behavior when pricing. Assumed under the complete information, through establishing retailer pricing model and three-stage dynamic game model of customer purchase behavior, it constructed the green perishable supply within a period chain pricing model based on retailers' profit maximization goal and researched the customers' acceptance of green perishable product under the background of green supply chain, customers' expectation of product green degree, retailers' optimal pricing strategy and sub-game perfect equilibrium of customers' strategic behavior considering related parameters. This paper adopted backward induction, considered the situation of two pricing and concluded that the customers' acceptance of green perishable products is not only affected by the retailer's decision strategy and profit but also influenced the retailers' satisfying in the second stage. Demand decreased along with the increase of customer's acceptance; while quadratic pricing increased along with the increasing of customer's acceptance.

This paper considers supply contract with options downward in a supply chain model consisting of a supplier and a buyer. The supplier provides options at a premium by which the buyer can cancel initial order quantity by exercising options purchased after updating demand information in response to changes in end demand. A two-stage decision strategy is proposed named the supply contract with put options. Moreover, the buyer's expected profit and the supplier's expected profit in such a contract was formulated.

Through an analytic framework of spatial economics, this paper reveals the influential mechanism of transportation cost on agglomeration and spread of China industry economy. On the basis of this analysis, a panel date model is established to explore the causes of industry agglomeration in China using the dates of 31 provinces, and it is proved that transportation cost has an important influence on the agglomeration of industry economy. Furthermore, it puts forward the policy to perfect transportation infrastructure. Within the logistics network system, economic development can be expanded from center area to peripheral area gradually, and regional disparity can be narrowed progressively, thus realizing a coordinated developing regional economy.

Collapsing accidents have occurred at large metro stations due to the insufficient understanding of geological conditions, construction methods, and the interactions between them. Field monitoring, numerical simulations and comparative analyses have been used to study and predict the settlement ratio of different subsections. The results show that the deformation of the surrounding rock is influenced more by the construction of the first pilot for the upper step than the other pilot; the maximum surface settlement ratio due to the first pilot is about 45%, and 41% for the other side. The effect of the middle pilot is even more with a ratio of 51%, while the combined effect for excavating the middle and lower steps is relatively less with a ratio of 10%. The ground settlement curve resembles declining steps with a final stable value. In the end, the validity and feasibility of this method have been proven by comparing the results with the monitoring data. The design, construction and monitoring of the metro station can be guided by this method in the future, and the structural stability and the safety of the surrounding environment can be guaranteed for large-span shallow mining tunnels.

In order to discuss the effects of demographic factors on organizational trust, a questionnaire surveyed 251 enterprise employees in Hunan province found that: there was a significant difference in the organizational trust for employees with different genders, length of service, marital status, positions, and income levels. This conclusion has a direct practical significance for our enterprises in human resource management.

This paper focuses on the structural torsional rigidity problem, especially concerned in design, for a long cantilever steel-concrete composite cable-stayed bridge with single tower and single cable plane. A large scale model test is performed to make a systematical study on the structural torsion properties under different conditions. The test result indicates that the bridge has more than sufficient torsional rigidity. Finally the authors build a refined finite element model by ANSYS to discuss and analyze influencing parameters and regulations of the structural torsional rigidity.

According to the features of usage, we divide the rail transportation equipment into two components: durable main bodies and Easy-to-Wear accessories. Since the domestic market of rail transportation equipment is monopolized by CSR and CNR, we establish a multi-stage duopoly model to study the strategies for rail transportation equipment manufacturers, when the Easy-to-Wear accessories of their product are in inelastic demand. The main results show: while only considering manufacturers' receipts of durable main bodies, the receipts and the durability of durable main bodies is negatively correlated. However, when taking both the durable main bodies and Easy-to-Wear accessories into account, the relationship between total receipts and the durability of main bodies is impacted by the price of Easy-to-Wear accessories and vice versa. The manufacturers' total receipts have negative correlation with the durability of Easy-to-Wear accessories.

Logistics industry is the basic industry to promote regional and international economic. For seven consecutive years, the cargo throughput of Shanghai Port ranked first in the world which had a significant impact on the economic development in China. The development of Singapore Port and Rotterdam Port also play an important role on the domestic economy. So the research objects are Shanghai Port, Singapore Port and Rotterdam Port. Through the analysis of container throughput and GDP data, by regression analysis method, this paper analyses the correlation of port logistics and economic development to explore the law of the development of port logistics.

The cable-girder anchorage zone of a cable-stayed bridge bears giant cable forces and has a complicated structure. The anchorage is the key of the structure design. By taking the static force tests of cable-girder anchorage of Wu Su Bridge of HeiXiaZi Island as the research object, the full scale model test of the cable-girder anchorage zone that is box-shaped was carried out. The key issues such as the design method of test model, load transfer path and stress distribution of main components are investigated through theoretical study and model testing. The result indicated that the weld of steel girder and box-shaped anchorage have a specific force translation, and the higher stress level on weld between the bearing slab and main girder web. The cable-girder anchorage has a well property and adequate safety reserve. However, the stress concentrations on some plates should be paid more attention in the design.

With the rapid expansion of the overall scale of port constructions in China, the difference between production, and exertion of comprehensive capacity of ports gradually emerges. Therefore research on integration of port resources is of great practical significance. The paper formulates the principle of integration of port resources in one port of group systematically. Considering two kinds of different modes such as independent and cooperative operation under the condition of integration of port resources in one port of group, benefit of two modes is contrasted and analyzed making use of Cournot model and Bertrand monopoly model. The conclusion turns out that through the rational integration of the ports resources, limited shoreline resources can be used efficiently, and it can also avoid duplication and cut-throat competition, save a great deal fund of investment in port construction, so that can help to play the comprehensive advantages of the various ports.

In order to describe route choice behavior under stochastic environment, the method of reference point determination based on margin concept was presented. Travelers were divided into various types according to different preferences and a stochastic assignment model for multiple travelers based on proposal theory was established. Modified MSA method was adopted to solve the model and in the end of article, an example was presented to test the model and algorithm.

The city street office, as an agency of the regional government, lies at the front line in the administration and construction of the city. Its administrative efficiency is closely related to the well-being of urban residents. Some local governments judge the work performance of city street offices according to case completion rate. However, this indicator does not reflect the differences between the different streets. This paper effectively solves the work performance evaluation of different city street offices by statistical analysis between the number of cases and influencing factors.

Compared to traditional logistics enterprise, it is difficult to assess the entire economy value of modern logistics enterprise. This paper starts from the difficult point of value analysis of modern logistics enterprise, and explains the weak points of international usage of some type of enterprise value analysis, which could be applied in modern logistics enterprise value analysis evaluation. Because modern logistics enterprise value is the concentrated expression of the enterprise existing, and the gain value ability and potential chance of earning profit, we can regard the stock right of logistics enterprise as a type of call. This paper selectively analyses the share option characteristic of the modern logistics enterprise, and brings Option Pricing Model to evaluate the value of the logistics enterprise, and comes up with the adjusted modern logistics enterprise value analysis model.

Combining the condition of three cascaded hydropower station projects taking place underneath the Shoubayan tunnel in the Neikun railway in yanjing country Yunnan Province with numeric simulation and live monitoring, train vibration influence on the underneath diversion tunnel is studied. The results show that under the load of train, the structure of the diversion tunnel will form a dynamic response of a simple harmonic wave, and this kind of response will fade away in a period of time after the train goes away. The vertical displacement and vertical pressure are both very low, and the security index and fatigue intensity also meet the requirement, proving that the structural lining is not damaged by the train vibration. Every inspection point's numerical simulation and monitoring results correspond to each other, it proves that the assumptions that our study adopted are consistent with actual conditions, the calculating result has a high quality of reliability, and similar projects could adopt this method to analyze train vibration.

A supply chain network is a sequence of different and multiple numbers of functions and individual functional units that must satisfy all capacities and demand requirements imposed by customers with a minimum cost to the network. Based on a single-factory, multi-distribution center and a multi-market supply chain, aiming at the coexistence of new and old perishable high-tech products, and taking the influence of the response time, price, and substitution rate on products requirements into account, this paper establishes a 0-1 mixed integral non-linear optimization model. This model takes response time and flow rate equilibrium as constraint conditions and uses the maximum profit of all production as the objective function. This research provides an effective method for high-tech enterprises to deal with the constitution of new and old products.

This paper presents a simulation model that has been developed to model a variety of technology-oriented pickup and delivery distribution systems. The paper discusses the general concepts and models applied in simulation systems, focusing on the way that various components are modeled and how they interact with each other in the overall simulation framework. The simulation system is applied to model a specialized passenger pickup and delivery system - dial-a-ride paratransit with the objective of evaluating the potential operational improvement that may be attained from the application of an automatic vehicle location system (AVL). A series of simulation experiments are performed on a set of hypothetical cases, and a realistic example was conducted from the City of Edmonton, Alberta, resulting in valuable insights into the potential impact of AVL technology.

Pavement distress information is one of the most critical elements of a Pavement Management Information System (PMIS). This information is vital for determining the appropriate pavement preservation strategies, pavement design performance validation, and pavement performance forecasting. Automated distress collection systems have generated a large number of digital images of the pavement surface, which require a large amount computer storage space. This paper presents a method of integration of image processing and management features to the PMIS software database. The developed PMIS database links the digital image files in the directory to the specific pavement segment field. These linked images can be then be automatically processed to compute the crack distress index which represents the overall cracking condition of the pavement segment. The database can also be accessed through the internet so that the data can be viewed and modified remotely.

As a powerful province in NGV development, Sichuan Province has actively probed the new mode for LNG vehicle promotion and application while keeping sustainable development in CNG vehicle. On the basis of summarizing the industrial base, resource utilization and market potential, opportunities and challenges in LNG vehicle promotion and application are analyzed in this paper. On basis of this, the strategy of promotion is brought forward in steps, and a work concept of all phases is formed.

On the basis of the analysis of the pallet pooling pattern, this paper takes the closed pallet pooling system as a starting point for applications and promotion. The closed pallet pooling system is proposed, which is gradually developed into an open regional pooling system. Then, combined with pallet consumption and circulation in Sichuan province, Chengdu is used as an example. The key issues on the implementation of the system are analyzed. Furthermore, business processes, pallet selection, service station settings, construction of information platforms, and service pricing are discussed.

In order to promote the development of logistics IT construction for national modern trade and exhibition parks, the integrated business of trade logistics is taken as the objective. Firstly, the service mode and business process of the information platform are analyzed, and then, the functional structure and system architecture of the platform are studied. Finally, the key problems of information platform construction for modern trade and exhibition logistics parks are deeply discussed so as to propose an information platform construction program for modern trade and exhibition logistics parks.

With the increasing maturity of the internet of things technologies and many countries formulating corresponding strategies about the internet of things, the requirements of railway logistics information levels are increasingly high in consideration of the gradual improvement of the logistic informationalization level. This paper starts from three basic layers, including the Ministry of Railways, the Railways Bureau, and the railway station site, and it fully considers each layer's information demand and business characteristics to perform a pilot study for the internet of things architecture of railway logistics.

Internet of Things is the development trends of modern logistics information. In order to maximize the efficiency and service quality of agricultural trading in trade and logistics parks, the Internet of Things technology is applied throughout the whole process of agricultural products trade and logistics, so as to achieve the display and guidance, operational assistance and record tracking throughout agricultural trading and all the links of logistics in the park. Starting with the existing problems in agricultural trading in the park the needs of agricultural products trade and logistics on the Internet of Things are analyzed. Then, on the basis of application system functional and technical architecture analysis, a feasible reference scenario is proposed.

Pallets sharing system is a complex network system. Pallet is the carrier to improve the efficiency of logistics, reduce cargo damage and to ensure transport safety, the pallets sharing system through the rental recycle method is used to establish what will significantly improve the efficiency of logistics systems. Analyzing Reverse Logistics Network structure of pallet recycling, taking into account transport capacity uncertain factors of each sites, the paper established a pallet rental recycle network system function model. The numerical examples show the effectiveness of the model, and draw some meaningful conclusions.

The two-dimensional barcode has the advantages of high density, large volume, high reliability, strong error correction ability, and low cost. In recent years, two dimensional barcode identification technologies and RFID technology have had a very wide range of applications, such as in the fields of defense, customs, taxation, public safety, transportation, postal services, and medical care. In this paper, a kind of electric materials management system based on the two dimensional barcode technologies is proposed. It aims to solve the bottleneck problem of material information input and to accelerate inventory turnover. The results show that the system greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of materials management.

As one of the most important parts for modern logistics operation, contemporary warehouse management occupies a pivotal position through the enterprise's entire supply chain. So, first of all, the current research on RFID technology related to warehouse management system is expounded. And then, the main differences between traditional and RFID-based warehousing business process are proposed. Furthermore, some key problems relating to the RFID-based warehousing business process are analyzed. Last but not least, the optimal warehouse management business process based on RFID is designed.

Warehousing is an indispensable link in all aspects of logistics operation. With the application of RFID technology, firstly, the warehouse management system design plan is presented; the needed hardware and software environment is also given. Then, the overall system function structure chart is proposed. Furthermore, the system database is designed in the entity structure and the logical structure respectively. Finally, the development process of some key modules is analyzed systematically.

With the deepening and upgrading of the circulation industry in China, the trend of the industrial cluster has extended to large and super large trade logistics parks. The question of how to plan this kind of parks' business development pattern scientifically and make it both advanced and practical has become significant. Through the comprehensive analysis of every existing operation mode of logistics parks in China, we propose an operation mode that starts with an improved traditional trading mode and then extends to an entities trading mode. This has the features of separated flow of commerce and logistics and coexisting with the O2O mode. An analysis of the key issues in the development of this operation mode is also explored.

Based on its characteristics, the power supply system of the Naqu logistics center was designed. According to the analysis of the formation of lightning and its hazards as well as the characteristics of climate in Naqu, a reasonable technique was adopted for the protection of power devices against lightning in the Naqu logistics center.

Supermarket chain stores, acting as a model of retail formats, are booming in China, and logistics distribution is one of the key determinants to lower costs. This paper employed a specific case-supermarket Wu Dongfeng by using the system dynamics method to illustrate the efficiency of factor analysis. The research makes the following findings: we can adjust the delay time of the distribution center receiving rate; the adjustment time of chain store has a great impact on the distribution center storage and we should pay attention to its controlment.

The railway demand and flow network is constructed in this study, and the detection method for communities in its structure analysis is put forward by the integrated combination of several methods. First, a spectral bisection analysis is used with a normal matrix to get vector forms and basic forms of possible communities. Next, the fuzzy c-means clustering method is used with the improved Mahalanobis distance under weighted multi-properties as a similarity index to create different community combinations. Finally, the extended modularity function is used to judge and choose the best community combination. The result of the example of a network with 309 main passenger stations and 2925 train services shows that this detection method for communities is effective in structure analysis.

This paper proposes the use of a linear enveloped description method to identify the outline of a road section along with a new position estimation algorithm. This is suitable for the condition that the coordinate of the current point is known, but the GPS space database of the road section is not available yet. The comparison results show that the new method is feasible as an alternative choice.

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is the use of a wireless non-contact system that utilizes radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a tag attached to an object for the purposes of automatic identification and tracking. This technology is especially suited for goods circulation and tracking. For a supply chain, the RFID technology can be used in several aspects, including warehouse management, inventory management, freight transportation, manufacturing, and retailing. With RFID technology, the supply chain can achieve high performance and tracking.