ICCREM 2017: Project Management and Construction Technology

A good object documentation is a prerequisite for a sustainable economic facility management. In practice, however, there is a regular problem to record the data necessary for optimum support. The difficulty of data transfer of a building occurs not only at the interface at the beginning of the takeover of a property, but begins at the planning stage and runs through the entire life cycle. Within the scope of this scientific study, the different technical possibilities of the data acquisition process of plants in buildings with regard to BIM-based implementation are critically examined and recommendations for the economic optimization of the subsequent data collection of a case study are summarized.

Design-build (DB) contracting can be used to promote innovation in the infrastructure sector. Alongside innovation, public clients often wish to encourage competition. At a first glance, these two ambitions could be conflicting. More risk on the contractors stemming from DB might not appeal to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), as they, ceteris paribus, have a risk disadvantage compared to larger firms. The research question is how more DB contracting will affect competition from a SME perspective. A simple model is provided to show how DBB stimulates competition and DB encourages innovation. Supported by semi-structured SME interviews from Sweden, it is discussed how the hybrid version of a controlled DB contract is inferior to alternative contract designs. The controlled DB contract does not stimulate competition nor provide incentives for innovation.

Developers should implement creative strategies in developing retail property product to make it attractive for consumers. One of the strategies is by providing an added value in the form of outdoor space, such as garden and artificial pond as well as experience of eating in an open space. The presence of the added value enriches the experience enjoyed by consumers in retail property complex. This outdoor atmosphere is believed to have an impact on retailer’s purchasing decision. In order to understand the phenomenon, we carry out a research to determine whether by the inclusion of outdoor atmosphere, developers can increase the value of retail property. Data were collected using observation and interviews. The collected data is processed using a mix of quantitative and qualitative with sequential explanatory strategy. The main finding in this research is that outdoor atmosphere on a retail area affect retailers preference because retailers and developers acknowledge the importance of atmosphere for the consumers.

This paper examines corrective measures for construction project cost control. The objectives of the study are to evaluate the procedures and the essential skills required for conducting corrective measures for project cost control. The source of data for conducting the study was literature review. The study reveals that, cost control models or frameworks have corrective measures activity. Corrective measures are well conducted by identifying the causes of the variances of the various work activities or resources such as materials, labor, plant and equipment, and profit and overheads. The procedure for carrying out corrective measures starts from identification of the cause of the problem to evaluation of the corrective measure undertaken. The skills identified are systematic documentation of problem, creativity, brainstorming, problem solving, and effective collaboration in the work environment. A template report form was proposed for carrying out corrective measures in the cost control process.

Case studies have become more common and accepted among researchers across a wide array of academic disciplines including construction engineering and management (CEM) research. Among mainstream case study literature, the case study approach is seen primarily as a research method to be used in social sciences to study social phenomena. However, CEM is not considered a social science and construction engineering (CE) often do not study social phenomena. Instead, the field revolves around quantitative and engineering-based matters. This paper aims at studying the usage and characteristics of case studies in CEM research to determine if current literatures on case studies are sufficient for the field or if new approaches are needed. This is conducted through a quantitative inquiry into data from scientific databases and a qualitative analysis of several case study papers in the field of CEM. The results show that case studies are common in the field and in CE they often are used to demonstrate proposed frameworks or models. However, case study literature does not sufficiently describe this approach to case studies, which suggests that the literature needs to be complemented to meet the needs in CEM research.

Apart from the well-recognized benefits of BIM adoption, the potential risks associated with BIM adoption are also worthwhile research. The objective of this study is to assess risks associated with the BIM adoption in the Chinese architecture, engineering, and construction industry. To achieve the objective, a total of 16 risks were identified through a literature review, and a questionnaire survey was performed with 95 industry practitioners. The magnitude of impact, likelihood of occurrence, and criticality of risks were analyzed. The results indicated that the risk criticality scores ranged from 2.81 to 3.37. Only three risks were perceived significantly critical: “cost overrun with BIM,” “technological interface among programs,” and “interoperability issues.” However, nine risks were considered as significantly impactful and five risks were received significantly high likelihood scores. “Cost overrun with BIM” occupied the top position in both rankings of impact and likelihood. In addition, the criticality of two risks “unclear ownership of the BIM data” and “changes in the BIM model by unauthorized parties” was positively associated with the BIM experience of users. The assessment of the risks associated with BIM adoption contributes to a better risk awareness in the organizations that were adopting BIM, and enables the industry practitioners to develop appropriate risk response measures.

Corporate social responsibility is one of the prerequisites for sustainable development in the construction industry. The aim of this research is to analyze the social responsibility behavior of construction enterprises, especially to find whether there is a social responsibility behavior preference in construction enterprises. In this study, the framework for social responsibility assessment of construction enterprises is proposed based on the stakeholder theory. Third-parties data is used to test social responsibility behavior of construction enterprises with method of mean comparison and paired-samples T test. The results confirm the existence of social responsibility behavior preference in construction enterprises, which give priority to the social responsibility of shareholders and employees while government responsibility is easy to be neglected. Meanwhile, results can instruct construction enterprises to improve CSR performance in the future, as well as providing practitioners and the academia with better understanding of CSR issues of construction enterprises.

Schedule optimization aims to meet the dynamic needs of the engineering project. Except the time, cost, and quality, stakeholders’ benefits also are a constraint condition, which should be considered in the schedule optimization. In order to analyze the schedule optimization, the stakeholders’ collaboration provides a new research direction. Based on Stackelberg and collaboration analysis of the stakeholders for the schedule collaborative optimization, Stackelberg model of schedule collaborative optimization is established to fulfill the stakeholders’ benefits.

With the rapid development of information science and technology, modern engineering construction has entered a stage of rapid development of information and intelligence. Smart construction theory, as a new concept, has drawn increasing scholarly attention across disciplines. In order to grasp a panoramic view of the domestic research progress of smart construction, this paper presented a review and summary of the literature on the smart construction study in China, and an analysis of the current research status. Finally, we discussed the future research directions of smart construction study in China.

The megaprojects boomed in recent years, which have significant impacts on the economy, social issues, technology innovation, and environment. Therefore, specific knowledge is needed to support the management activities of megaproject management (MM). This paper aimed to explore and visualize the knowledge structure of the research domain in megaproject management using the keyword network analysis. By retrieving the journal papers relevant to megaproject management, the data of keyword and the relation between them are further extracted, and the keyword network is built up. Employed by the scientific knowledge structure of megaproject management has been measured by complex network analysis. The results showed that the topic network of mega engineering management served the features of high clustering coefficient and scale-free and total 40 topic communities existed in the topic network. Megaproject, project management, and construction management were general research fields whereas risk, complexity infrastructure, and scheduling were core research directions.

As a widely adopted technology in the analysis of wind environment in recent years, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been playing an increasing important role in ventilation simulation around buildings. However, CFD occupies excessive computing resources when simulating large-scale building areas, which reduces its efficiency. This study proposes a solution by developing a framework to simplify the model of building groups in urban in CFD simulation, which is to find a solution to combine the models of different buildings when modeling. Through the analysis of the factors influencing wind environment around buildings, five parameters (L, W, H, B, and D) are selected as control parameters to measure whether two same cuboid buildings could be combined together or not. Then single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment are introduced to CFD simulation to achieve the appropriate ranges of the control parameters to simplify the model of building groups. Hopefully, this study may improve the efficiency of CFD simulation.

Reducing carbon emissions of buildings is an important aspect in the development of a low carbon economy. For this purpose, a good building design is essential because the design determines the life-cycle carbon emissions of the building, to a large extent. In this study, the composition of carbon emissions is analyzed using data on building activities obtained through a virtual construction at the design stage. Then, a method of calculating the life-cycle carbon emissions of the building is put forward, and a computer-aided estimator is constructed with building information modeling (BIM) technologies. Finally, this estimator is applied in a case study in Huaian City, China, revealing optimization countermeasures to reduce the life-cycle carbon emissions.

Public participation can move up the democratic image, especially for public projects. The project can receive social support, which is much important for the successful implementation. Active and passive participation are two ways for public participation. The active participation methods, such as referenda, public hearings, etc., depend on participant’s profession, technology, experience, and his initiative attitude. Most traditional public participation has active methods which prove to be time-consuming and ineffective. Therefore, this paper proposes a passive participation method which depend data from mobile internet. A passive public participation mechanism for project decision-making will be built based on potential public portrait from mobile internet. It is found that public portrait based on data from mobile internet can help the project sustainable decision process. This paper provides an efficient way to achieve fully public participation for the construction project decision. It can also help to reduce the time and transaction cost of the participation process in the early decision-making procedure.

To solve the information island problem caused by the incompatibility of heterogeneous data and cross-platforms using the construction process of an intelligent community, ontology meta-modeling methods, and description logic were used. For each layer of data, standardized construction, data, metadata, meta-model, and relationships were formalized, and intelligent reasoning mechanisms were used to construct a data quality control framework. This framework can better facilitate data standardization and improved data quality as a data solution for the intelligent construction process.

In an era that knowledge has become the key element that boosts the development of the world’s economy, construction enterprises must pay attention to the significance of knowledge management. As a typical knowledge-intensive enterprise, construction companies’ core knowledge and productivity are concentrated in each project. Therefore, it is significant to know how to build knowledge transfer mechanism between headquarters and project team, to achieve effective knowledge transfer in order to maintain and improve the core competitiveness of construction enterprises. This paper adopts literature review approach and induction to study the knowledge transfer of construction enterprises. Based on the theory of knowledge transfer, we choose construction enterprises’ headquarters and project team as the research objects. Firstly, through an extensive review of current literatures, considering the unique features of construction enterprises, analysis of the current status and problems of knowledge transfer in construction companies. Secondly, describes the flow process of knowledge in headquarters and project team, built two-way knowledge transfer model. Finally, discusses and analyzes the conclusion, gives suggestions in order to promote the effect of headquarters-project team knowledge transfer in the construction enterprise.

This research aims to set up the occurrence mechanism model of initial trust between project owners and contractors from the perspective of project owners. Based on literature review, it is put forward that in the bidding phase, antecedents of initial trust contain the reputation and past project performance of project contractors; and during the negotiation phase, the factors contain communication, reciprocity, and perceived integrity of project contractors.

This paper reviewed the definition, scope, and types of joint ventures (JVs) in the construction industry, summarized the research interests and trend on construction joint ventures (CJVs), and provided implications for future research into CJVs. Based on the observations of all CJV related studies, seven major categories of research focus on CJVs have been classified. In general, since the benefits and success criteria of CJVs have been well-documented in the literature, future research could be more valuable and practical when concerned about how to reduce the number of disputes in and even failures of CJVs, which in-turn renders it significantly important for researchers to develop relevant state-of-the-art criteria/framework to aid the assessment of appropriateness of selecting CJV contracting method in project procurement.

This article applies mobile IT technology to the cost control of construction phase to set up cost control model based on mobile IT. This article summarizes the concept of mobile IT combined with the characteristics and the applications, analyzing the necessity and feasibility about the applications in cost control. This article built up the cost control model based on mobile IT, which is on the basis of the requirements, has been clarified. UML language is used to describe the requirements. Furthermore, this article also conducts preliminary exploration about the model’s applications in the construction materials management.

Knowledge resource yields high returns because it is rare and difficult to imitate or substitute. Project-based industries with permanent or semi-permanent project teams regard knowledge management as highly significant, and the success of knowledge management initiatives mainly depends on knowledge sharing. Previous literature, however, still lacks systematic analysis of the factors that affect knowledge sharing and their relationships. Hence, this research aims to highlight and summarize the possible antecedents and factors that facilitate or impede knowledge sharing in project-based organizations (PBOs). Using this set of factors, a questionnaire by applying interpretive structural modeling (ISM) methodology will be developed to determine underlying relations among these factors. Contributions from this research effort should support PBOs in developing strategies for successful implementation of knowledge sharing and enhancing the efficiency of project work and organizational learning.

As a traditional industry, construction industry has been deeply affected by the wide application of the internet. Technology innovation is always a crucial and popular research field in construction industry, especially in current days. Although some researchers have noticed the mechanism of internet in construction industry and its innovation, the study on the relationship between them is still deficient. This paper makes a quantitative analysis of the mechanism of internet in construction technology innovation performance through questionnaire survey and expert scoring method, and builds relation equations to raise the mechanism of “Internet+” in construction project technology innovation activities from three aspects-equipment innovation, process innovation, and material innovation, which could be used in guiding technology innovation activities with a better using of internet in reality construction projects, especially in some highly difficult and complex construction projects.

With increasing complexity and uncertainty of supply chain, efficiency becomes an urgent topic. The lack of coordination and interaction between the upstream and downstream perplexes product managers. Both issues enlighten the importance of accurate schedule estimation. Without regarding delay time in the supply chain systematically, most scholars add the calculated delay time separately between each contractor, neglecting the interactions between delays. This paper provides a useful framework to have a comprehensive impression of the time-related risks and further apply a simulation model to estimate the timeline rationally. To illustrate the usefulness of the framework, Scarborough subway extension project is analyzed. The result shows high adaption to the real case.

To evaluate the evacuation performance in building, this paper proposes a method based on BIM. First, an evacuation evaluating index system is established based on BIM. Then, the method obtained data from BIM and used improved BP neural network algorithm to evaluate and check the evacuation performance in building. The case study shows that result can be achieved to evaluate and check the evacuation performance in buildings by BIM and BP neural network. The result can be used to optimize the evacuation performance in building and provide help for the design and operation management.

The development of foreign construction enterprises in China construction market is facing fierce competition and severe challenges. Foreign construction enterprises cannot ignore the analysis of the environment while making development strategy. It needs foreign enterprises not only complying with the environmental changes, but also keeping pace with variation of the external environment and make right strategic decision in time. Ensure to obtain an impregnable position in the process of future development. Carried on the detailed analysis of competitive environment for foreign construction enterprise by using the porter five competitive model. Then, draw out the differences between the foreign construction enterprises and the local construction enterprises in China, and put forward advices of development strategy for foreign construction enterprise in China.

Entrepreneurial orientation has an important influence in the promotion of technology innovation, but entrepreneurial orientation and technology innovation are affected by uncertainty environment. Based on the view of the market what entrepreneurial orientation has an important influence in the promotion of technology innovation, but entrepreneurial orientation and technology innovation are affected by uncertainty environment. Based on the view of the market which is dynamic competition, under uncertainty environment, there is a further study between the relationship of technology innovation and entrepreneurial orientation. To start up, the degree of uncertainty environment has the specific effect on technology innovation. Study the specific influencing factors which technological innovation by entrepreneurial orientation in the uncertain environment is dynamic competition, under uncertainty environment, there is a further study between the relationship of technology innovation and entrepreneurial orientation. To start up, the degree of uncertainty environment has the specific effect on technology innovation. Study the specific influencing factors which technological innovation by entrepreneurial orientation in the uncertain environment.

By exploring the basic characteristics of the arcade architecture in Guangxi from the perspectives of its historical background, geographical distribution, and common characteristics, the paper is intended to discuss the multiple factors that influenced the formation and the diversity of arcade architecture in Guangxi. These include the coerciveness of government control, the spontaneity of local system, the stimulation of commercial awareness, and the inheritance of traditional ideology. To conclude, the regional cultural differences of the arcade architecture in Guangxi are fundamentally rooted in the dual impact of the “bottom-up” driving force and “top-down” governing force.

The application and promotion of BIM provides a new train of thought to improve the investment efficiency and management level for the Chinese government investment projects. But the practice has proved that there is a big obstacle on the benefit and value of BIM technology from traditional project management models. The paper summarizes the government investment project management models and analyses the problems of the application of BIM under traditional government investment project management models, and then puts forward to change the traditional models’ environment that each stage split to each other and each participant in their own way from the IPD concept, it provides a reference for the promoting of BIM technology in the government investment projects.

The efficiency of construction industry is quite low due to the incomprehensive building information management. Therefore, it is urged to build a model to manage the building information in the whole process of construction projects. This paper discussed all the information involved in the process of construction from four dimensions (time, participant, knowledge, and technology) on the basis of system engineering methodology, and built a model of comprehensive building information management inspired by hard system methodology (HSM). The model has important theoretical and practical significance to improve the quality and level of building information management, and also would promote the rational application of BIM.

For the purpose of research on crowd behavior in the emergency situation, the crowd evacuation experiment in the classroom was carried out. This paper describes the evacuation experiment process in the classroom under three different-width passages and time limited or no time limited combination. Those experiments find the condition of crowd standing positions, evacuation time distribution, different p-percentile values of evacuation time. From those results, the paper concludes the spatial distribution features of the crowd, the essential characteristics of the crowd behavior, and the relations between the standing position and the evacuation time, which will have reference value in the design of preventing disasters and reducing damages.

Building materials logistics are the artery of the building materials industry, we should promote a deep blend of it with information in order to reduce the cost and improve the efficiency. Firstly, the paper points out the phenomenon that the existing researches lack of information integration theory and practicality in domestic and abroad. Next, we introduce the concept and advantages of the fourth party logistics (4PL) mode and put forward the design of building materials logistics 4PL information integration platform. Then, we propose the organic integration of Cloud-BIM and logistics technology to provide technical support for the establishment of the 4PL platform, and specifically analysis the main applications of logistics Cloud-BIM in each stage of building materials supply. This research is of great importance to the information evolution and practicality improvement of building materials logistics.

Safety is the precondition of the quality and efficiency, the construction project safety accidents will be caused huge losses to the state, enterprises, and individuals. Construction project safety management is the key of the construction project management, how to ensure the safety of construction project management work effectively is the key point of reducing safety accidents. This paper on the basis of the general framework of the construction projects safety management guarantee system, combining the theory of construction project safety accident cause and safety accident control mechanism, builds the construction project safety management safety system. Secondly, according to the construction projects safety factors to establish evaluation index system of construction project safety management safety system, evaluation model is constructed according to the principle of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. According to the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of construction project safety management safety system, evaluating the safety management safety system for a practical project.

With the rapid development of China’s economy, the process of urbanization is accelerating. However, urbanization has also brought a series of problems, of which the most prominent one is the negative effect on our natural environment caused by infrastructure construction. Chinese government has introduced a new idea of constructing “sponge city” to solve the problem. In general, this paper contains following aspects. Firstly, it introduces the concept and function of “sponge city” and it analyzes the necessity of constructing “sponge city” in Shenyang from local climate features, drainage systems, and water shortage situation. Secondly, by taking “sponge campus” reconstruction in Shenyang Jianzhu University as an example, this paper illustrates the ecological function of low impact development on rainwater absorption, storage, seepage, and purification. Thirdly, some rational suggestions on strengths and weaknesses of the construction program are put forward. Pursuing low-carbon ecological development is the common trend of urban planning and development all over the world, and China also conforms to the trend by actively promoting sustainable development in cities. As a great move of urban construction and coordinated growth in ecosystem, sponge city construction is an important symbol of urban development and construction mode transformation. In December of 2014, Xi Jinping, China’s general secretary, delivered a speech about “strengthening sponge city construction.” Also, the state council issued guidance on sponge city construction in 2015. Those two have provided support and power for China’s sponge city construction. Thus, Chinese government will devote major efforts to plan low-carbon installations and the application of construction ideas to urban and rural construction. Also, it will promote urban drainage system turning from grey to green. Shenyang municipal government actively responds to the state requirements by applying for sponge city construction experiment in order to build a better Shenyang. This paper systematically analyzes the necessity of developing sponge city in Shenyang, and provides construction plans and developing decisions by taking Shenyang Jianzhu University as an example.

In the process of BOO project financing, the bidding is a very important link, but the existing traditional construction system of bidding-evaluating-indexing does not apply to BOO project bidders. According to the characteristics of BOO project bidders, this paper established the tender evaluation index system of BOO project, which is based on the full life cycle to analyze the various risk factors that may occurred and combined with the related principle. On this basis, a weighting and entropy method integrated the Delphi-AHP can be proposed. Not only does this method reflect decision-makers’ subjective preference but also it highlights the objective differences of schemes. Then taken the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis evaluating method into account, the bidding evaluating model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is established. Finally, a case study is given, which shows the tender evaluation index system and model introduced in this paper and it has better differentiation degree and decision accuracy.

The selection of a proper PDS is a complex decision that involves many factors. With considerable studies, the factors influencing PDS selection have already been identified. However, the clients still have difficulties in selecting PDSs, because so many indicators still puzzle clients. To address this issue, this study employs collective intelligence of experts and practitioners to quantitatively analyze relative importance of factors influencing PDS selection. This paper begins with a literature review to identify the factors already known to be associated with PDS selection. Then we survey a large panel of experts and practitioners about the importance of each factor, and aggregate these opinions to reliably weigh different factors. The results presented in the paper suggest that client’s characteristics and requirements play more roles in PDSs selection than project characteristics and external environment. Also, those quantitative results illustrate that clients need focus more on project type, client’s capability, client’s requirement for schedule, risk distribution, client’s requirement for cost, project scale, and responsibility when choosing PDSs. Such results could deepen understanding of PDS selection and offer references for clients’ decision-making on PDS.

With the development of China’s industrial sector, the phenomenon of high input and low output often occurs in high-end equipment manufacturing (HEM) firms. Both the organizational innovation (OI) and technological innovation (TI) are very vital for every enterprise. This study reflects the summary of many papers’ view point on OI and TI, establishes a measurement index system on the matching satisfying degree (MSD) between the two variables, researches the problem by the way of fuzzy multi-index matching bilateral decision, and describes the matching relationship between the inscapes of OI and TI. At last, the author highlights some factors that are not in good matching relationship between the two variables, OI and TI, according to the MSD. It is recommended that Chinese HEM firms’ managers should pay more attention to these inscapes and perfect them so as to improve the margins between OI and TI, thereby achieving a comprehensive matching relationship.

Tendering and bidding system is vital to ensure construction quality and reduce project cost. However, the existence of the illegal actions like surround-bidding has seriously affected the operation of bidding system. In order to avoid surround-bidding in construction, two additional mechanisms are developed to reinforce traditional tendering and bidding system. A dynamic game model with complete information is established based on game theory. The equilibrium for expected revenues is established at the context of surround-bidding and normal tendering strategy. Manager oral defense and bids duplicate checking are proposed to solve the problem of surround-bidding. The results of game model analysis indicated that these two additional mechanisms are effective to avoid surround-bidding. These mechanisms may increase operational efficiency of construction tendering and bidding system.

This paper extends previous literature of mega construction projects (MCPs) by empirically exploring the relationships between institutional pressures and MCPs’ environmental management practices (EMPs) with considering the mediating effect of project managers’ organizational citizenship behaviors for the environment (OCBEs; a form of voluntary pro-environmental behaviors). A questionnaire survey was employed to collect data from 128 MCPs’ project managers in China. The results obtained from partial least squares analysis show that both mimetic and normative pressures have significant influences on EMPs. Conversely, there is no significant relationship between coercive pressure and EMPs. In addition, the results further indicate that project managers’ OCBEs play a critical but varied mediating role in the relationships between three types of institutional pressures and EMPs. This paper reinforces the need to regard project managers’ OCBEs as exemplary behaviors that demonstrate their personal and genuine commitment to the environment. The findings of this paper also provide new insights into the use of institutional forces to facilitate the improvement of EMPs in MCPs.

According to a project, this paper studied the energy conservation assessment of high-rise buildings based on BIM. A method was proposed to analyze the building energy conservation based on BIM. In this method, it was important to establish building information modeling because that needed to include the information of buildings such as geometry information, space information, function information, materials information, equipment information, etc. Then, we converted the data of building information modeling and input the converted data to the analysis software for analyzing the state of building energy. Finally, we used the analysis results to optimized the building design and reduce building energy consumption.

It is necessary to collect a large number of engineering data in the compilation of construction cost index. It would be ideal if all the characteristics items of different engineering projects can be selected as the research base. But there is currently no uniformed standard of selecting the typical construction engineering characteristic values. Engineers tend to judge by the experience of the cost engineers. This causes low efficiency and lack of quantitative analysis. The article collects the characteristic value of 100 building constructions in the city of Wuhan during the period of October to December of 2016 as samples. It first analyzes the characteristic feature attributes by t test, and then filters the samples by feature classifying, adopting the decision tree method. The article also solves the overly-fitting problem and the multi-valued bias of the decision tree method so that the stability of the feature selection can be ensured. Lastly, the article builds a decision tree calculation model and verifies the accuracy of the model by SPSS software to achieve the goal of accurately selecting the characteristic value of typical construction projects.

The depth of foundation pit of Tianjin eco city building animation is 4.99 m, and new dredged silt distributed on surface area, which belongs to the super soft soil that in a state of flow. The soil has high compressibility, low permeability, rheology, and thixotropy. Its strength and bearing capacity is very low. The silt distributed all over the construction site and deep as 5.1 m. If the construction was conducted forced after simply bedding, it will lead to the horizontal displacement of supporting system and driving the displacement of shape of the pile top in the mud, resulting occurrence of structural damage of supporting system, foundation pit collapsing, broking the pile. Determine to use the gravity retaining embankment for foundation pit supporting, and the construction temporary road which will be as late sub grade of permanent road at the same time.

With the rapid development of China’s construction, the contradiction between the high energy consumption situation and sustainable development strategy of the construction industry is increasingly obvious. In this paper, the BIM energy analysis technology and its application in architecture design as the research direction, aims to solve the problem that the traditional architectural design mode is relatively backward to control the contradiction of increasingly complex natural and cultural environment, using the building information model (BIM) in the basic model of the comprehensive application of building energy consumption and environmental fields, in the “BIM software platform-the corresponding data format-corresponding analysis software” platform, looking for a scientific, efficient, and convenient way of monitoring information for the construction of energy-efficient design in our time, thus speeding up the construction of building sustainable development.

One challenge in conducting research in a young discipline, such as construction management, is the need to justify each individual research design, because of the lack of a coherent and acknowledged theoretical base and methodological approach. This paper reviews the methodology debates in the construction management discipline. Contrary to the advocated methodological pluralism and diversified research background of Ph.D.s, much construction management research relies, in reaching conclusions, on original data, which is collected through methods that are not easy to replicate, such as interview and questionnaire. However, based on the discussion and knowledge circle model, this paper argues that different types of data should play different roles in generating knowledge, and thus the increasing popularity of soft-data based “theory”-building pattern should not monopolize the field.

This paper takes the commonly used C30–C60 concrete entity model and the corresponding block as the research object in Tianjin, studying the difference about evaluation of concrete strength using different detection methods (rebound method and drilling core method, test cube test block method), the study found: during the winter construction, under the same condition curing and standard curing conditions, which test block strength curve shape was roughly same for the different strength grade of concrete, within the range of allowable error, the strength curve shape was logarithm curve trend; different grade strength of concrete reach its design strength required for different time, in this paper: C30, C35, C40, C50, C60 concrete can completely achieve its design strength at the age of 60d, 90d, 90d, 600°C·d, 600°C·d.