Development of a Decision Support Tool for Inspection and Monitoring of Large-Diameter Steel and Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Water Pipes
Publication: Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice
Volume 13, Issue 1
Abstract
Like any other asset, water pipelines deteriorate over time and become vulnerable to sudden failures, which often result in costly replacement actions. In recent years, various techniques have been developed for effective condition assessment of such pipelines. However, limited guidelines are available for selecting these technologies. The objective of this study was to fill the knowledge gap in the selection of inspection and monitoring technologies for large-diameter steel pipes (SP) and prestressed concrete cylinder pipes (PCCP) by developing a decision-support tool using analytical hierarchy process (AHP). A comprehensive condition assessment index (CAI) was developed for various inspection techniques by describing available inspection techniques, analyzing various failure modes and their causes, and developing a computer program that can select an appropriate inspection technique based on the factors that influence failures. The developed CAI is analyzed for each inspection method and a suitable technique is recommended based on impacting factors of individual pipes. This paper will help utility owners and agencies in making informed decisions regarding the selection of appropriate inspection techniques for large-diameter steel and prestressed concrete cylinder water transmission pipelines. Further studies are needed to better analyze the failure mechanism of large-diameter water mains to include prefailure indicators while estimating the CAI.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code generated or used during the study can be obtained by reasonable request from the corresponding author. For more information about this study, visit https://rc.library.uta.edu/uta-ir/bitstream/handle/10106/9559/KizhakkeCovilakam_uta_2502M_11475.pdf?sequence.
Acknowledgments
The authors greatly acknowledge funding support from the Tarrant Regional Water District for carrying out this research. Appreciation also goes to the integrated pipeline project management team, specifically Mr. David Marshall, P.E., former director of engineering and operations at AECOM, and the Center for Underground Infrastructure Research and Education at the University of Texas at Arlington for extending every possible help to make this work possible.
References
Al-Barqawi, H., and T. Zayed. 2008. “Infrastructure management: Integrated AHP/ANN model to evaluate municipal water mains’ performance.” J. Infrastruct. Syst. 14 (4): 305–318. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0342(2008)14:4(305).
Alzabeebee, S., N. D. Chapman, and A. Faramarzi. 2018. “Development of a novel model to estimate bedding factors to ensure the economic and robust design of rigid pipes under soil loads.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 71 (Jan): 567–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.11.009.
Aschilean, I., G. Badea, I. Giurca, G. S. Naghiu, and F. G. Iloaie. 2017. “Choosing the optimal technology to rehabilitate the pipes in water distribution systems using the AHP method.” Energy Procedia 112 (Mar): 19–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.1109.
Ayadi, A., O. Ghorbel, M. S. BenSalah, and M. Abid. 2019. “A Framework of monitoring water pipeline techniques based on sensors technologies.” J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci. 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2019.12.003.
Bai, Y., and Q. Bai. 2014. “Pipeline inspection and subsea repair.” Chap. 4 in Subsea pipeline integrity and risk management, 73–99. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.
Brownjohn, J. 2007. “Structural health monitoring of civil infrastructure.” Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 365 (1851): 589. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1925.
Burkhardt, G. L., and A. E. Crouch. 2005. Realtime monitoring of pipelines for third-part contact. San Antonio, TX: Southwest Research Institute.
Cauchi, S., T. Cherpillod, D. Morison, and E. McClarty. 2006. “Fiber-optic sensors for monitoring pipe bending due to ground movement.” In Vol. 42622 of Int. Pipeline Conf., 885–893. New York: ASME.
Covilakam, M. K. 2011. “Evaluation of structural monitoring methods for large diameter water transmission pipelines.” Master’s thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Texas at Arlington.
Duran, O., K. Althoefer, and L. Seneviratne. 2003. “Pipeline inspection using a laser-based transducer and automated analysis techniques.” Mechatronics 8 (3): 401–409. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMECH.2003.816809.
El-Zahab, S., and T. Zayed. 2019. “Leak detection in water distribution networks: An introductory overview.” Smart Water 4 (5): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40713-019-0017-x.
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 2007. “Drinking water needs survey and assessment.” Accessed February 27, 2021. http://water.epa.gov/infrastructure/drinkingwater/dwns/upload/2009_03_26_needssurvey_2007_fs_needssurvey_2007.pdf.
Ghavami, S. M., Z. Borzooei, and J. Maleki. 2020. “An effective approach for assessing risk of failure in urban sewer pipelines using a combination of GIS and AHP-DEA.” Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 133 (Jan): 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2019.10.036.
Haines, H., and R. B. Francini. 2003. In-ground pipeline monitoring. Patent No: 6,614,354. Washington, DC: US Patent and Trademark Office.
Higgins, M. S., and P. O. Paulson. 2006. “Fiber optic sensors for acoustic monitoring of PCCP.” In Proc., Pipelines 2006—Service to the Owner. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Huebler, J. E. 2002. Detection of unauthorized construction equipment in pipeline right-of-ways. Morgantown, WV: US Dept. of Energy, National Energy Technology Center Natural Gas Infrastructure Reliability Industry Forums.
James, W. 1998. “A historical perspective on the development of urban water systems.” Accessed February 9, 2021. http://www.soe.uoguelph.ca/webfiles/wjames/homepage/Teaching/437/wj437hi.
Jin, Y., and A. Eydgahi. 2008. “Monitoring of distributed pipeline systems by wireless sensor networks.” In Proc., 2008 IAJC-IJME Int. Conf. New York: IEEE.
Kaushal, V., and M. Najafi. 2020. “Comparative analysis of environmental and social costs of trenchless cured-in-place pipe renewal method with open-cut pipeline replacement for sanitary sewers.” J. Pipeline Syst. Eng. Pract. 11 (4): 04020037. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)PS.1949-1204.0000480.
Kumar, S. S., D. M. Abraham, S. S. Behbahani, J. C. Matthews, and T. Iseley. 2020. “Comparison of technologies for condition assessment of small-diameter ductile iron water pipes.” J. Pipeline Syst. Eng. Pract. 11 (4): 04020039. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)PS.1949-1204.0000456.
Lenghi, A., N. Amaitik, and M. Wrigglesworth. 2008. “Expansion of existing monitoring system on Great Man-Made River Project using acoustic fibre optic technology.” Water Pract. Technol. 3 (3): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2008.072.
Lillie, K., C. Reed, and M. Rodgers. 2005. Workshop on condition assessment inspection devices for water transmission mains. Denver: American Water Works Association.
Liu, Z., and Y. Kleiner. 2012. “State-of-the-art review of technologies for pipe structural health monitoring.” IEEE Sens. J. 12 (6): 1987–1992. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2011.2181161.
Liu, Z., and Y. Kleiner. 2013. “State of the art review of inspection technologies for condition assessment of water pipes.” Measurement 46 (1): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2012.05.032.
Liu, Z., Y. Kleiner, B. Rajani, L. Wang, and W. Condit. 2012. Condition assessment technologies for water transmission and distribution systems. Washington, DC: USEPA.
Loganathan, K., M. Najafi, V. Kaushal, and P. Agyemang. 2021. “Evaluation of public private partnership in infrastructure projects.” In Proc. ASCE Pipelines 2021. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Mergelas, B., and G. Henrich. 2005. “Leak locating method for precommissioned transmission pipelines: North American case studies.” In Proc., Leakage 2005 Conf. Proc. Alexandria, VA: International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors.
Mergelas, B., and X. Kong. 2001. Electromagnetic inspection of prestressed concrete pressure pipe. Denver: American Water Works Association.
Najafi, M. 2005. Trenchless technology: Pipeline and utility design, construction, and renewal. New York: McGraw Hill.
Rajani, B., and Y. Kleiner. 2004. “Non-destructive inspection techniques to determine structural distress indicators in water mains.” Eval. Control Water Loss Urban Water Networks 47 (Jun): 21–25.
Reed, C., A. J. Robinson, and D. Smart. 2004. Techniques for monitoring structural behavior of pipeline systems. Denver: American Water Works Association.
Rizzo, P. 2010. “Water and wastewater pipe nondestructive evaluation and health monitoring: A review.” Adv. Civ. Eng. 2010: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/818597.
Robert, D., P. Rajeev, J. Kodikara, and B. Rajani. 2016. “Equation to predict maximum pipe stress incorporating internal and external loadings on buried pipes.” Can. Geotech. J. 53 (8): 1315–1331. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2015-0500.
Saaty, T. 1994. Fundamentals of decision making and priority theory with analytic hierarchy process. Pittsburgh, PA: RWS Publications.
Sadeghioon, A. M., N. Metje, D. Chapman, and C. Anthony. 2018. “Water pipeline failure detection using distributed relative pressure and temperature measurements and anomaly detection algorithms.” Urban Water J. 15 (4): 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/1573062X.2018.1424213.
Serajiantehrani, R., M. Najafi, M. Malek Mohammadi, and V. Kaushal. 2020. “Framework for life-cycle cost analysis of trenchless renewal methods for large diameter culverts.” In Proc., Pipelines 2020, 309–320. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Sharma, J. R., M. Najafi, D. Marshall, V. Kaushal, and M. Hatami. 2019. “Development of a model for estimation of buried large-diameter thin-walled steel pipe deflection due to external loads.” J. Pipeline Syst. Eng. Pract. 10 (3): 04019019. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)PS.1949-1204.0000384.
Stoianov, I., L. Nachman, S. Madden, and T. Tokmouline. 2007. “Pipeneta wireless sensor network for pipeline monitoring.” In Proc., 6th Int. Conf. on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, 264–273. New York: Association for Computing Machinery.
Sun, Z., P. Wang, M. C. Vuran, M. A. Al-Rodhaan, A. M. Al-Dhelaan, and I. F. Akyildiz. 2011. “MISE-PIPE: Magnetic induction-based wireless sensor networks for underground pipeline monitoring.” Ad Hoc Networks 9 (3): 218–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2010.10.006.
Swamee, P. K., and A. K. Sharma. 2008. Design of water supply pipe networks. Austin, TX: Libre Digital.
Tennyson, R., W. Morison, and T. Miesner. 2005. “Pipeline integrity assessment using fiber optic sensors.” In Proc., Pipelines 2005: Optimizing Pipeline Design, Operations, and Maintenance in Today’s Economy. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Travers, F. A. 1997. “Acoustic monitoring of prestressed concrete pipe.” Constr. Build. Mater. 11 (3): 175–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(97)00035-4.
Wolan, M., K. Laven, and B. Asha. 2018. “Pipeline inspection.” In Proc., Pipelines, 588–592.
Yang, C., Y. Liu, and J. Yu. 2009. “Prestressing concrete cylinder pipe monitoring based on WSN.” Int. J. Inf. Commun. Technol. 2 (4): 164–168.
Zou, L., and M. Q. Feng. 2008. “Detection of micrometer crack by Brillouin-scattering-based distributed strain and temperature sensor.” In Proc., 19th Int. Conf. on Optical Fibre Sensors, Proc. of SPIE, 700419. Bellingham, WA: International Society for Optics and Photonics.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice
Volume 13 • Issue 1 • February 2022
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 29, 2020
Accepted: Jun 25, 2021
Published online: Sep 23, 2021
Published in print: Feb 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Feb 23, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Shamsu Hassan, Christos Kontovas, Musa Bashir, Jin Wang, A Decision-Support System for Assessing Cross-Country Pipeline Systems: Approach Based on Evidential Reasoning and Cost–Benefit Analysis, Journal of Pipeline Systems Engineering and Practice, 10.1061/JPSEA2.PSENG-1327, 14, 1, (2023).
- Vinayak Kaushal, Khalid Kaddoura, Sanjeev Adhikari, Mohammad Najafi, The Level of Utilizing Water Pipeline Condition Assessment Tools by Public Owners: A Structured Survey, Pipelines 2022, 10.1061/9780784484289.037, (317-326), (2022).