In Situ Bioremediation of Phenol through Confined Aquifer Using Mesh-Free Point Collocation Method with Radial Basis Function
Publication: Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 26, Issue 1
Abstract
Industrial complexes with contaminated zones are polluted by organic biodegradable contaminants such as phenol. For such contamination, bioremediation using microbial cultures is economic and suitable. The bioremediation process involves the injection of microorganisms to enhance the degeneration of the contaminant to bring it within permissible limits. Due to the nonlinear, nonanalytical nature of groundwater, numerical methods are used for better clarity. Mesh-free methods, which do not need a grid or mesh, only nodes, can be very effective for such complex problems. In this study, a numerical model (PCM-MICROBE) was developed using the mesh-free point collocation method with radial basis function. A physical aquifer model (PAM) was also developed to understand phenol transportation and the phenomenon of in situ bioremediation. A tank, 1.5 × 0.5 m, was fabricated with sand as a porous medium. The results of the mesh-free PCM-MICROBE model were compared with observations in PAM. The comparative results were found to be within the error band of −9.54% to 17.19%
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to thank Mukesh Patel, School of Technology Management and Engineering, for providing the infrastructure for this study. The authors wish to acknowledge the Department of Microbiology, Mithibai College, for use of their laboratory facilities.
References
Bear, J. 1992. Modeling groundwater flow and pollution. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Reidel publishing Company.
Bedient, P., H. S. Rifai, and C. Newell. 1999. Groundwater contamination-transport and remediation. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Borden, R. C., and P. B. Bedient. 1986. “Transport of dissolved hydrocarbons influenced by oxygen-limited biodegradation: 1. theoretical development.” Water Resour. Res. 22 (13): 1973–1982. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i013p01973.
Bushnell, L. D., and H. F. Haas. 1941. “The utilization of certain hydrocarbons by microorganisms.” J. Bacteriol. 41 (5): 653–673. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.41.5.653-673.1941.
Chen-Charpentiera, B. M., and H. V. Kojouharovb. 2008. “Mathematical modeling of bioremediation of trichloroethylene in aquifers.” Comput. Math. Appl. 56 (3): 645–656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2008.01.007.
EPA. 1998. Field applications of in situ remediation technologies: Chemical oxidation. Washington, DC: Solid Waste and Emergency Responses.
Hazen, T. C. 2009. Cometabolic bioremediation. Berkeley, CA: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
Huang, G. H., Y. F. Huang, G. Q. Wang, and H. N. Xiao. 2006. “Development of a forecasting system for supporting remediation design and process control based on NAPL-biodegradation simulation and stepwise-cluster analysis.” J. Water Resour. 42 (6): W06413. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004006.
Kamat, S., M. Mategaonkar, and P. Gharat. 2020. “Flow and transport of Phenol in groundwater using PGWT equation.” Heliyon 6 (2): e03413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03413.
Kansa, E. J. 1990. “Multiquadrics—A scattered data approximation scheme with applications to computational fluid-dynamics—II solutions to parabolic, hyperbolic and elliptic partial differential equations.” Comput. Math. Appl. 19 (8–9): 147–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/0898-1221(90)90271-K.
Li, J., Y. Chen, and D. Pepper. 2003. “Radial basis function method for 1-D and 2-D groundwater contaminant transport modeling.” Comput. Mech. 32 (1–2): 10–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-003-0447-y.
Liu, G. R., and Y. T. Gu. 2005. An introduction to meshfree methods and their programming. Berlin: Springer Dordrecht.
Majone, M. et al. 2015. “In situ groundwater and sediment bioremediation: Barriers and perspectives at European contaminated sites.” New Biotechnol. 32 (1): 133–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2014.02.011.
Mategaonkar, M. 2021. “Simulation of groundwater flow using meshfree collocation method with Cubic Spline function.” Groundwater Sustainable Dev. 13: 100579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2021.100579.
Mategaonkar, M., and T. Eldho. 2012. “Simulation-Optimization model for In situ bioremediation of groundwater contamination using mesh-free PCM and PSO.” J. Hazard. Toxic Radioact. Waste 16 (3): 207–218. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HZ.2153-5515.0000126.
Mategaonkar, M., T. I. Eldho, and S. Kamat. 2018. “In-situ bioremediation of groundwater using a meshfree model and particle swarm optimization.” J. Hydroinf. 20 (4): 886–897. https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2018.110.
Nelson, M. J., J. V. Kinsella, and T. Montoyaal. 2008. “In situ biodegradation of TCE contaminated groundwater.” Environ. Prog. 9 (3): 190–196. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.670090323.
Singh, D., and M. H. Fulekar. 2007. Phenol bioremediation using Cowdung Mcrobial consortium. Galati, Romania: Galathi University Press.
Soudi, M. R., and N. Kolahchi. 2011. “Bioremediation potential of a phenol degrading bacterium rhodococcus erythropolis SKO-1.” Prog. Biol. Sci. 1 (1): 31–40.
Swathi, B., and T. I. Eldho. 2018. “Groundwater management using a new coupled model of meshless local Petrov-Galerkin method and modified artificial bee colony algorithm.” Comput. Geosci. 22 (3): 657–675. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-018-9718-8.
Tinesh, P., B. B. Andrea, A. K. Rastogi, and T. I. Eldho. 2019. “Simulation of groundwater flow in an unconfined sloping aquifer using the element free Galerkin method.” Water Resour. Manage. 33 (8): 2827–2845. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-019-02261-4.
Wang, H., and M. P. Anderson. 1982. “Introduction to groundwater modeling finite difference and finite element.” Accessed April 20, 2021. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/watereau/.
Zhang, T. et al. 2019. “In situ remediation of subsurface contamination: Opportunities and challenges for nanotechnology and advanced materials.” Environ. Sci. Nano 6 (5): 1283–1302. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9EN00143C.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 26 • Issue 1 • January 2022
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 18, 2021
Accepted: Sep 4, 2021
Published online: Nov 1, 2021
Published in print: Jan 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Apr 1, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.