Soil Stabilization Using Oil‐Shale Solid Waste
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 120, Issue 4
Abstract
Oil‐shale solid wastes are evaluated for use as soil stabilizers. A laboratory study consisted of the following tests on compacted samples of soil treated with water and spent oil shale: unconfined compressive strength, moisture‐density relationships, wet‐dry and freeze‐thaw durability, and resilient modulus. Significant increases in strength, durability, and resilient modulus were obtained by treating a silty sand with combusted western oil shale. Moderate increases in durability and resilient modulus were obtained by treating a highly plastic clay with combusted western oil shale. Solid waste from eastern oil shale appears to be feasible for soil stabilization only if limestone is added during combustion. Testing methods, results, and recommendations for mix design of spent shale‐stabilized pavement subgrades are presented and the mechanisms of spent‐shale cementation are discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Annual book of ASTM standards, Vol. 04.08. (1992). ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa.
2.
Brown, M., and Brown, T. (1991). “Solution chemistry and mineralogy of spent oil shale samples subjected to weathering tests.” Rep. WRI‐91‐R040, Western Research Institute, Laramie, Wyo.
3.
Culbertson, W. L. Jr., Nevins, T. D., and Hollingshead, R. D. (1970). “Disposal of oil shale ash.” Quarterly of the Colorado School of Mines, 65(4), 89–132.
4.
Guide for design of pavement structures. (1986). Am. Assoc. of State Hwy. and Transp. Officials (AASHTO), Washington, D.C.
5.
Marcus, D., Sangrey, D. A., and Miller, S. A. (1985). “Effects of cementation process on spent shale stabilization.” Trans. Soc. Min. Engrg., 278, 1225–1232.
6.
Mehta, P. K., Persoff, P., and Fox, J. P. (1980). “Hydraulic cement preparation from Lurgi spent shale.” Proc., 13th Oil Shale Symp., Colorado School of Mines Press, Golden, Colo., 255–260.
7.
Prien, C. H. (1980). “Oil shale resources.” Environmental perspective on the emerging oil shale industry; Rep. EPA‐600/2‐80‐205a, U.S. Envir. Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 2–11.
8.
Robel, T. L., Rubel, A. M., and Barnhisel, R. I. (1989). “Changes in the clay mineralogy of eastern oil shale induced by retorting.” Proc., 1989 Eastern Oil Shale Symp., Inst. for Mining and Minerals Research, Lexington, Ky., 212–218.
9.
Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and testing. (1986). 14th Ed., Am. Assoc. of State Hwy. and Transp. Officials (AASHTO), Washington, D.C.
10.
Sullivan, P. J., Yelton, J. L., and Reddy, K. J. (1987). “Acid mine drainage potential of raw, retorted, and combusted eastern oil shale.” Final rep.; Contract DE‐AC20‐85LC11062 by Western Research Institute, U.S. Dept. of Energy, Laramie, Wyo.
11.
Suryavanshi, K. J. (1989). “Pavement subgrade stabilization using oil shale solid wastes.” M.S. thesis, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo.
12.
Terrel, R. L., Epps, J. A., Barenberg, E. J., Mitchell, J. K., and Thompson, M. R. (1979). “Soil stabilization in pavement structures: a user's manual.” FHWA‐IP‐80‐2; Vol. 1, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Washington, D.C.
13.
Winterkorn, H. F., and Pamukcu, S. (1991). “Soil stabilization and grouting.” Foundation engineering handbook. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, N.Y., 317–378.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 1, 1991
Published online: Apr 1, 1994
Published in print: Apr 1994
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.