Microwave Sintering of a Lunar Regolith Simulant for ISRU Construction: Multiscale Characterization and Finite Element Simulation
Publication: Earth and Space 2022
ABSTRACT
Microwave sintering is regarded as one of the most appropriate technologies that enable in situ resource utilization (ISRU) surface construction for future lunar base development. During the process of microwave sintering, electromagnetic radiant energy is absorbed by the lunar soil grains whereby temperature increment and bonding of grains take place. However, due to the anisotropic electromagnetic field and thermal runaway phenomenon, a temperature gradient could occur in the sintered regolith grains. This can induce local flaws (such as cracks) and enclosed pores inside the sintered body. To examine and improve the functionality of microwave sintering, this study used microwave sintering of a lunar soil simulant and conducted experimental materials characterization of sintered specimens and finite element model simulation of the sintering process. Physical and mechanical properties of the bulk sintered samples were evaluated to assess the feasibility of microwave sintering for ISRU surface construction of future lunar base. In order to account for several coupled phenomena in the process of microwave sintering, COMSOL multiphysics finite element code was used to simulate dielectric heating in a microwave cavity by integrating electromagnetism and heat transfer. The temperature gradient within the sintered body was evaluated in different sintering stages. Parametric analysis in the finite element simulation was also conducted to examine a cavity design that can provide a less temperature gradient and enlarged sintering products. Results and insights from this study are expected to improve the functionality of the hybrid microwave sintering and its potential implementation into the ISRU-based lunar construction.
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Earth and Space 2022
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Published online: Jan 5, 2023
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