Effect of Surface Roughness on the Tensile and Compressive Shaft Resistance of Displacement Model Piles in Sand
Publication: IFCEE 2021
ABSTRACT
The surface roughness of steel piles may vary considerably, depending on how much exposure they have to the environment during storage or in the field. Although several studies have recognized the importance of roughness on the mobilization of frictional forces, its application to the design of deep foundations in the field requires further research. This paper presents the results of static load tests performed with an instrumented model pile with three different surface roughnesses jacked in a half-cylindrical calibration chamber with digital image correlation (DIC) capabilities. The model piles were tested in tension and compression in dense and medium-dense sand samples prepared by air pluviation. The analysis of the data obtained from local sensors and the images processed with DIC indicate that an increase in the pile surface roughness results in an increase in the average unit shaft resistance and an increase in the displacements and strains in the soil next to the shaft of the pile. Values of K/K0 accounting the effect of surface roughness are provided for the estimation of the tensile and compressive limit unit shaft resistance of jacked piles in sand.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.
REFERENCES
Alawneh, A. S., Malkawi, A. I. H., and Al-Deeky, H. (1999). “Tension tests on smooth and rough model piles in dry sand.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 36(4), 746–753.
Arshad, M., Tehrani, F., Prezzi, M., and Salgado, R. (2014). “Experimental study of cone penetration in silica sand using digital image correlation.” Geotechnique, 64(7), 551–569.
Basu, P., Loukidis, D., Prezzi, M., and Salgado, R. (2011). “Analysis of shaft resistance of jacked piles in sands.” International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 35, 1605–1635.
Clausen, C. J. F., Aas, P. M., and Karlsrud, K. (2005). “Bearing capacity of driven piles in sand, the NGI approach.” Proceedings of International Symposium on Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics (ISFOG 2005), M. Cassidy and S. Gourvenec, eds., Taylor & Francis Group, London, U.K., 677–681.
DeJong, J., Frost, J., and Cargill, P. (2001). “Effect of Surface Texturing on CPT Friction Sleeve Measurements.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 127(2), 158–168.
Fioravante, V. (2002). “On the shaft friction modelling of non-displacement piles in sand.” Soils and foundations, 42(2), 23–33.
Fioravante, V., Guerra, L., and Jamiolkowski, M. (2010). “On the shaft capacity of non-displacement piles in sand from centrifuge tests.” Physical Modelling in Geotechnics—Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, Taylor & Francis Group, London, U.K., 763–768.
Foray, P. Y., Balachowski, L., and Colliat, J.-L. (1998). “Bearing capacity of model piles driven into dense overconsolidated sands.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 35(Api 1987), 374–385.
Foye, K. C., Abou-Jaoude, G., Prezzi, M., and Salgado, R. (2009). “Resistance factors for use in load and resistance factor design of driven pipe piles in sands.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 135(1), 1–13.
Galvis-Castro, A. C., Tovar-Valencia, R. D., Salgado, R., and Prezzi, M. (2018). “Effect of loading direction on the shaft resistance of jacked piles in dense sand.” Géotechnique, 1–13.
Galvis-Castro, A. C., Tovar-Valencia, R. D., Salgado, R., and Prezzi, M. (2019). “Compressive and tensile shaft resistance of non-displacement piles in sand.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 145(9), 1–20.
Gavin, K. G., and Lehane, B. M. (2003). “The shaft capacity of pipe piles in sand.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 40(1), 36–45.
Ghionna, V. N., and Jamiolkowski, M. (1991). “A critical appraisal of calibration chamber testing of sands.” Proc., 1st Int. Symp. on Calibration Chamber Testing, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 13–39.
Gui, M. W., and Bolton, M. D. (1998). “Geometry and scale effects in CPT and pile design.” Proc. 1st Int. Conf. Site Characterization, Balkema, Rotterdam, 1063–1068.
Han, F., Ganju, E., Salgado, R., and Prezzi, M. (2018). “Effects of interface roughness, particle geometry, and gradation on the sand-steel interface friction angle.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 144(12), 1–12.
Jardine, R., Chow, F., Overy, R., and Standing, J. (2005). ICP design method for driven piles in sands and clays. ICE Publishing, Thomas Telford Ltd, London.
Kishida, H., and Uesugi, M. (1987). “Tests of the interface between sand and steel in the simple shear apparatus.” Géotechnique, 37(1), 45–52.
Kolk, H. J., Baaijens, A. E., and Senders, M. (2005). “Design criteria for pipe piles in silica sands.” Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics, ISFOG 2005—Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics, 1, 711–716.
Lehane, B. M., Schneider, J., and Xu, X. (2005). “The UWA-05 method for prediction of axial capacity of driven piles in sand.” Proc., of the Int. Symposium on Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics (IS-FOG 2005), Taylor & Francis, London, U.K., 683–689.
Loukidis, D., and Salgado, R. (2008). “Analysis of the shaft resistance of non-displacement piles in sand.” Géotechnique, 58(4), 283–296.
Martinez, A., Frost, J. D., and Hebeler, G. L. (2015). “Experimental study of shear zones formed at sand/steel interfaces in axial and torsional axisymmetric tests.” Geotechnical Testing Journal, 38(4), 409–426.
Salgado, R., Han, F., and Prezzi, M. (2017). “Axial resistance of non-displacement piles and pile groups in sand.” Rivista Italiana di geotecnica (in press).
Salgado, R., Mitchell, J. K., and Jamiolkowski, M. (1998). “Calibration chamber size effects on penetration resistance in sand.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 124(9), 878–888.
Salgado, R., Woo, S. I., and Kim, D. (2011). Development of Load and Resistance Factor Design for Ultimate and Serviceability Limit States of Transportation Structure Foundations. Federal Highway Administration FHWA/IN/JTRP-2011/03, SPR-3108.
Tehrani, F. S., Han, F., Salgado, R., Prezzi, M., Tovar, R. D., and Castro, A. G. (2016). “Effect of surface roughness on the shaft resistance of non-displacement piles embedded in sand.” Géotechnique, 66(5), 386–400.
Tovar-Valencia, R., Galvis-Castro, A., Salgado, R., and Prezzi, M. (2018). “Effect of surface roughness on the shaft resistance of displacement model piles in sand.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 144(3).
Uesugi, M., and Kishida, H. (1986a). “Frictional resistance at yield between dry sand and mild steel.” Soils and Foundations, 26(4), 139–149.
Uesugi, M., and Kishida, H. (1986b). “Influential factors of friction between steel and dry sands.” Soils and Foundations, 26(2), 33–46.
White, D. J., and Lehane, B. M. (2004). “Friction fatigue on displacement piles in sand.” Géotechnique, 54(10), 645–658.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: May 6, 2021
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.