World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2020
Spread of Salt through a Looped Water Distribution System and an Alternative to Conventional System Flushing
Publication: World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2020: Hydraulics, Waterways, and Water Distribution Systems Analysis
ABSTRACT
Saltwater intrusion in fresh water aquifers due to excessive groundwater pumping and sea-level rise has become a major concern mostly in coastal cities around the world. Subsequently, salt can be drawn to water distribution systems and can cause health problems if the amount is excessive. To document the time and location of unsafe levels of salt, system network modeling was performed here for a realistic looped water distribution system having 958 pipes, 874 junctions, one tank, and one ground water source. It was found that (1) the salt reaches the upstream portions quickly, (2) salt spread is sensitive to the conditions of outer junctions, and (3) salt level oscillates due to oscillating user demand. In addition, the optimal location of a flushing pond was examined as an alternative to conventional system flushing, where the flushing pond will capture the maximum amount of contaminated water possible. It was found that a flushing pond can reduce the amount of contaminated water discharged to the environment and the pond holding capacity is sensitive to its location.
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Published In
World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2020: Hydraulics, Waterways, and Water Distribution Systems Analysis
Pages: 395 - 402
Editors: Sajjad Ahmad, Ph.D., and Regan Murray, Ph.D.
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8297-1
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© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: May 14, 2020
Published in print: May 14, 2020
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