Chapter
May 14, 2020
World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2020

Assessment of Sampling Techniques to Investigate Airborne Transport of Contaminants in Treated Wastewater from Sprinkler Irrigation Fine Droplet

Publication: World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2020: Water Resources Planning and Management and Irrigation and Drainage

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present study is to compare different sampling methods in controlled conditions in order to assess which is the most suitable for monitoring bioaerosols and dispersion. Different active sampling techniques were used and their performance assessed at different sampling times: impingement (AGI-4 and SKC BioSampler), filtration (glass fiber filters), and real-time viable particle counter (BioTrak). Two tracers were evaluated, a fluorescent tracer (ABF) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), added to the water. The results showed that the physical collection efficiency of AGI-4 when using ABF, was higher than SKC BioSampler. The sampling time influenced the culturability of E. coli collected by two impingers: with increasing sampling time from 5 min to 15 min, the culturability of E. coli collected by SKC Biosampler and AGI-4 decreased by 14% and 37%, respectively. By comparing the amount of collected E. coli with impingers and those counted by BioTrak, it appears that BioTrak provided a rapid but less accurate number of viable particles.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.

REFERENCE

Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire, A., Environnement, Travail (Anses). (2012). “Réutilisation des eaux usées traitées pour l’irrigation des cultures, l’arrosage des espaces verts par aspersion et lavage des voiries, in scientifique.” E., ed., Avis de l’Anses.
Anselmet, F., Felis, F., Tomas, S., Vallet, A., and Amielh, M. (2019). “Flow characteristics and turbulence analysis of a large-scale pressure-atomized spray.” Mar 2019, Shenzhen, China.
Bradley A. King, Troy W. Winward, and David L. Bjorneberg. (2013). “Comparison of Sprinkler Droplet Size and Velocity Measurements using a Laser Precipitation Meter and Photographic Method.” American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.
Busgang, A., Friedler, E., Ovadia, O., and Gross, A. (2015). “Epidemiological study for the assessment of health risks associated with graywater reuse for irrigation in arid regions.” Science of The Total Environment, 538, 230–239.
Chang, C.-W., Chou, F.-C., and Hung, P.-Y. (2010). “Evaluation of bioaerosol sampling techniques for Legionella pneumophila coupled with culture assay and quantitative PCR.” Journal of Aerosol Science, 41(12), 1055–1065.
Cornacchia, I., Tomas, S., Douzals, J.-P., and Courault, D. (2019). “Assessment of Airborne Transport of Potential Contaminants in a Wind Tunnel.” Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 146(1), 04019031.
Dungan, R. S. (2014). “Estimation of Infectious Risks in Residential Populations Exposed to Airborne Pathogens During Center Pivot Irrigation of Dairy Wastewaters.” Environmental Science & Technology, 48(9), 5033–5042.
EPA. (2017).“Sample Collection Information Document for Pathogens: Companion to Selected Analytical Methods for Environmental Remediation and Recovery (SAM) 2017.” EPA/600/R-17/374 S.138.
Fabian, M. P., Miller, S. L., Reponen, T., and Hernandez, M. T. (2005). “Ambient bioaerosol indices for indoor air quality assessments of flood reclamation.” Journal of Aerosol Science, 36(5–6), 763–783.
Ferguson, A., Layton, A., Mailloux, B., Culligan, P., Williams, D., Smartt, A., Sayler, G., Feighery, J., McKay, L., Knappett, P., Alexandrova, E., Arbit, T., Emch, M., Escamilla, V., Ahmed, K. M., Alam, M., Streatfield, P., Yunus, M., and van Geen, A. (2012). “Comparison of fecal indicators with pathogenic bacteria and rotavirus.” The Science of the total environment, 431, 314–22.
Gatta, G., Libutti, A., Beneduce, L., Gagliardi, A., Disciglio, G., Lonigro, A., and Tarantino, E. (2016). “Reuse of treated municipal wastewater for globe artichoke irrigation: Assessment of effects on morpho-quantitative parameters and microbial safety of yield.” Scientia Horticulturae, 213, 55–65.
Grinshpun, S. A., Willeke, K., Ulevicius, V., Juozaitis, A., Terzieva, S., Donnelly, J., Stelma, G. N., and Brenner, K. P. (1997). “Effect of Impaction, Bounce and Reaerosolization on the Collection Efficiency of Impingers.” Aerosol Science and Technology, 26(4), 326–342.
Haig, C. W., Mackay, W. G., Walker, J. T., and Williams, C. (2016). “Bioaerosol sampling: sampling mechanisms, bioefficiency and field studies.” Journal of Hospital Infection, 93(3), 242–255.
Han, T., and Mainelis, G. (2012). “Investigation of inherent and latent internal losses in liquid-based bioaerosol samplers.” Journal of Aerosol Science, 45, 58–68.
Hardy, R. J. S., Fromm, X., and Cook, M. (2006). “Technical Background Document: MicrobialRisk Assessment and Fate and Transport Modeling of Aerosolized Microorganisms at Wastewater Land Application Facilities in Idaho.” Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, Boise, ID.
Hendawi, M. (2006). “Etude des pertes d’eau par évaporation et dérive sur un jet d’asperseur.”
Henningson, E. W., Fngmark, I., Larsson, E., and WikstrSm, L.-E. (1988). “Collection efficiency of liquid samplers for microbiological aerosols.” Journal of Aerosol Science, 19(7), 911–914.
Holterman, H., Zande, van de Zande, J., and Groot, T. T. (2009). “Evaluation of drift reducing effects of end nozzles using the IDEFICS spray drift model.” (Report / Plant Research International; No. 270). Wageningen: Plant Research International.
Katzenelson, E., and Teltch, B. (1976). “Dispersion of Enteric Bacteria by Spray Irrigation.” Journal (Water Pollution Control Federation), 48(4), 710–716.
Kesavan, J., Doherty, R.W., Wise, D. G., and McFarland, A. R. (2001). “Factors that Affect Fluorescein Analysis.” Report ECBC-TR-208, AD-A 397 677. U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Edgewood, MD.
Edgewood, MD.Kesavan, J., and Sagripanti, J.-L. (2015). “Evaluation criteria for bioaerosol samplers.” Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts, 17(3), 638–645.
Li, J., Leavey, A., Wang, Y., O’Neil, C., Wallace, M. A., Burnham, C.-A. D., Boon, A. C., Babcock, H., and Biswas, P. (2018). “Comparing the performance of 3 bioaerosol samplers for influenza virus.” Journal of Aerosol Science, 115, 133–145.
Lin, X., Willeke, K., Ulevicius, V., and Grinshpun, S.A. (1997). “Effect of sampling time on the collection efficiency of all-glass impingers.” American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 58, 48-488.
Lin, X., A. Reponen, T., Willeke, K., Grinshpun, S. A., Foarde, K. K., and Ensor, D. S. (1999). “Long-term sampling of airborne bacteria and fungi into a non-evaporating liquid.” Atmospheric Environment, 33(26), 4291–4298.
Lin, X., Reponen, T., Willeke, K., Wang, Z., Grinshpun, S. A., and Trunov, M. (2000). “Survival of Airborne Microorganisms During Swirling Aerosol Collection.” Aerosol Science and Technology, 32(3), 184–196.
Molle, B., Tomas, S., Huet, L., Audouard, M., Olivier, Y., and Granier, J. (2016). “Experimental Approach to Assessing Aerosol Dispersion of Treated Wastewater Distributed via Sprinkler Irrigation.” Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 142(9), 04016031.
Robinson, E., MacLeod, J. A., and Lapple, C. E. (1959). “A meteorological tracer technique using uranine dye.” J. Meteor, 16, 63-67.
Rojas-Valencia, M. N., and Mier, M. V. (2013). “Analysis of allergenic bioaerosols distributed through sprinkling irrigation systems and mitigating strategies.” 9.
Sorber, C. A., Bausum, H. T., Schaub, S. A., and Small, M. J. (1976). “A Study of Bacterial Aerosols at a Wastewater Irrigation Site.” Journal (Water Pollution Control Federation), 48(10), 2367–2379.
Stevenin, C., Tomas, S., Vallet, A., Amielh, M., and Anselmet, F. (2016). “Flow characteristics of a large-size pressure-atomized spray using DTV.” International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 84, 264–278.
Teltsch, B., Kedmi, S., Bonnet, L., Borenzstajn-Rotem, Y., and Katzenelson, E. (1980). “Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Microorganisms at Wastewater-Irrigated Fields: Ratios in Air and Wastewater.” APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL., 39, 8.
Tomas, S., Molle, B., Chevarin, C., and Serra-Wittling, C. (2019). “Transport Modeling in Sprinkler Irrigation.” Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 145(8), 04019014.
Truchado, P., Lopez-Galvez, F., Gil, M. I., Pedrero-Salcedo, F., Alarcón, J. J., and Allende, A. (2016). “Suitability of different Escherichia coli enumeration techniques to assess the microbial quality of different irrigation water sources.” Food Microbiology, 58, 29–35.
Verreault, D., Moineau, S., and Duchaine, C. (2008). “Methods for Sampling of Airborne Viruses.” Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 72(3), 413–444.
Walls, H. J., Kim, J. H., Yaga, R. W., Harvey, L. A., Haines, L. G., Ensor, D. S., Hering, S. V., Spielman, S. R., and Kreisberg, N. (2017). “Long-term viable bioaerosol sampling using a temperature- and humidity-controlled filtration apparatus, a laboratory investigation using culturable E. coli.” Aerosol Science and Technology, 51(5), 576–586.
Willeke, K., Lin, X., and Grinshpun, S. A. (1998). “Improved Aerosol Collection by Combined Impaction and Centrifugal Motion.” Aerosol Science and Technology, 28(5), 439–456.
Yang, K., Li, L., Wang, Y., Xue, S., Han, Y., and Liu, J. (2019). “Airborne bacteria in a wastewater treatment plant: Emission characterization, source analysis and health risk assessment.” Water Research, 149, 596–606.
Zhu, H., Derksen, R. C., Krause, C. R., Fox, R. D., Brazee, R. D., and Ozkan, H. E. (2005). “Fluorescent Intensity of Dye Solutions under Different pH Conditions.” Journal of ASTM International, June 2005, 2(6), 1–7.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2020
World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2020: Water Resources Planning and Management and Irrigation and Drainage
Pages: 27 - 41
Editors: Sajjad Ahmad, Ph.D., and Regan Murray, Ph.D.
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8295-7

History

Published online: May 14, 2020
Published in print: May 14, 2020

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Mehrnaz Zardari [email protected]
G-EAU, AgroParisTech, Cirad, IRD, INRAE, MontpellierSupAgro, Univ. of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Sciences and Agrosciences, Univ. of Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, France. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Séverine Tomas [email protected]
G-EAU, AgroParisTech, Cirad, IRD, INRAE, MontpellierSupAgro, Univ. of Montpellier, Montpellier, France. E-mail: [email protected]
Bruno Molle [email protected]
G-EAU, AgroParisTech, Cirad, IRD, INRAE, MontpellierSupAgro, Univ. of Montpellier, Montpellier, France. E-mail: [email protected]
Laurent Aprin [email protected]
Laboratoire Génie de l’Environnement Industriel, IMT Mines Alès, Univ. of Montpellier, Alès Cedex, France. E-mail: [email protected]
Sandrine Bayle [email protected]
Laboratoire Génie de l’Environnement Industriel, IMT Mines Alès, Univ. of Montpellier, Alès Cedex, France. E-mail: [email protected]
Dominique Courault [email protected]
EMMAH, INRAE, Université d’Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, France. E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Paper
$35.00
Add to cart
Buy E-book
$80.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Paper
$35.00
Add to cart
Buy E-book
$80.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share