Study on Eco-Transportation Operation Guarantee Measures in High Altitude Area Considering Animal Traveling

In order to reduce the impact of traffic operation on animal travel in high altitude areas, we propose to consider the ecological traffic operation safeguard measures in high altitude areas. Starting from the special geographical and human conditions in high altitude areas, we conducted a field survey on Gongyu Expressway in Qinghai Province by using the driving sample line method. Firstly, we investigate, analyze, and collect evidence about animal travel in pastoral areas and nature reserves along Gongyu Expressway by consulting experts, visiting local people, and assisting traffic management departments. Then, we analyze the impact of road traffic on animals and environment along the road from the aspects of vehicle-animal collision accident, road traffic impact on environment, habitat barrier, and fragmentation. Investigation and analysis results show that there are collision accidents between vehicles and animals along Gongyu Expressway, the utilization rate of grazing passage is not high, and there is no warning sign of animal crossing. They result in high frequency of vehicle-animal collision accidents and high mortality rate of animals, which have a great impact on the environment, ecology, habitat barrier, and fragmentation along the route. Finally, we designed the warning signs for animals traveling in high altitude areas and put forward suggestions for setting them. According to the national standard JTJ074-94, we optimize the setting of pastoral fence network along the highway. The measures for optimizing the environment of animal passage in wildlife reserve were put forward. They can provide a basis for the specific design work of engineers and technicians, and also provide a theoretical basis for the revision and further improvement of national standards.