Chapter
Nov 15, 2018
16th Biennial International Conference on Engineering, Science, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments

Modeling and Simulation for Occupant Safety in Aerospace Applications

Publication: Earth and Space 2018: Engineering for Extreme Environments

ABSTRACT

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has a number of regulations that are designed to protect passengers in transport aircraft in the event of an emergency landing. These regulations focus primarily on the seat, occupant, and restraint interaction with the surrounding cabin interior environment. Industry typically meets these requirements through deterministic testing. In recent years, there has been interest in supplementing the process through the use of analytical methods. To support these efforts, the FAA has updated guidance on the use of modeling and simulation for the certification of seating systems. The guidance includes an overview of the required documentation, various metrics to be applied for acceptability, and lists of applicable areas and limitations on the use of the analytical methods. Several demonstration simulations have been conducted to show the efficacy of this method. In the future, the guidance will be expanded to cover other aerospace applications that will use dynamic analysis in the certification process.

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REFERENCES

FAA. (1998). “Code of Federal Regulations, Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Aircraft, Emergency Landing Dynamic Conditions.” 14 CFR §25.562, Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D.C.
FAA. (2003). “Methodology for Dynamic Seat Certification by Analysis for use in Parts 23, 25, 27, 29 Airplanes and Rotorcrafts”. FAA AC 20-146, Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D.C.
Moorcroft, D. (2007). "Selection of Validation Metrics for Aviation Seat Models." The Fifth Triennial International Fire & Cabin Safety Research Conference, Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D.C.
Pellettiere, J. and Knox, T. (2011). “Occupant Model Validation.” Chapter in Advances in Applied Digital Human Modeling, Duffy, V.G., ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 28-37.
Pellettiere, J. and Moorcroft, D. (2012a). “Occupant Calibration and Validation Methods.” Chapter 30 in Advances in Applied Human Modeling and Simulation, Duffy, V.G., ed.CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 307-316.
Pellettiere, J. and Moorcroft, D. (2012b). “Implementation of Verification and Validation in Certification by Analysis from a Regulatory Perspective.” Proc. of the 50th Annual SAFE Symposium, SAFE Association, Creswell, OR.
Pellettiere, J. and Moorcroft, D. (2013). “Aircraft Seat Certification by Analysis from a Regulatory Perspective.” Proc. of the AHS 69th Annual Forum, American Helicopter Society, Fairfax, VA.
SAE. (2012). “Analytical Methods for Aircraft Seat Design and Evaluation.” SAE ARP 5765A, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Sprague, M.A. and Geers, T.L. (2004). “A Spectral-Element Method for Modeling Cavitation in Transient Fluid-Structure Interaction.” International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 60(15), 2467-2499.
US Federal Law (2000). “Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century,” Pub. L. No. 106-1000, Washington, D.C.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Earth and Space 2018
Earth and Space 2018: Engineering for Extreme Environments
Pages: 728 - 736
Editors: Ramesh B. Malla, Ph.D., University of Connecticut, Robert K. Goldberg, Ph.D., NASA Glenn Research Center, and Alaina Dickason Roberts
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8189-9

History

Published online: Nov 15, 2018
Published in print: Nov 15, 2018

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Authors

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Joseph A. Pellettiere [email protected]
Chief Scientific and Technical Advisor, Crash Dynamics, Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC 20024. E-mail: [email protected]

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