Coastal Structures and Solutions to Coastal Disasters Joint Conference 2015
Does a Morphological Adjustment during Tsunami Inundation Increase Levels of Hazards?
Publication: Coastal Structures and Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2015: Tsunamis
ABSTRACT
Tsunamis are able to move large amounts of sediment during their inundation process. However, previous studies conducted to assess tsunami hazard have not considered tsunami-induced sediment transport in their simulations, although it is possible that morphological adjustments during tsunami inundation increase the levels of hazard. In this paper, we present a model which is able to simulate sediment processes caused by tsunami action. The model is validated by comparing results to an experiment of sediment transport under breaking solitary waves. Finally, the model is applied to the simulation of sediment transport over a typical barrier island geometry, and we study the resulting changes in tsunami runup on the mainland behind the barrier, as compared to fixed bathymetry/topography conditions. We show that considering morphological changes during tsunami inundation modeling can increase the runup on the mainland behind the barrier. We conclude that assuming a fixed bathymetry when modeling tsunami coastal hazard may lead to underestimating runup and inundation values and cause errors in estimating the tsunami inundation line.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the National Tsunami Hazards Mitigation Program grants NA14NWS4670041 and NA15NWS4670029
REFERENCES
Choowong, M., Murakoshi, N., Hisada, K.-i., Charusiri, P., Charoentitirat, T., Chutakositkanon, V., Jankaew, K., Kanjanapayont, P., and Phantuwongraj, S. (2008). 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami inflow and outflow at Phuket, Thailand. Marine Geology, 248(3):179–192.
Elder, J. (1959). The dispersion of marked fluid in turbulent shear flow. Journal of fluid mechanics, 5(04):544–560.
Goto, K., Chagué-Goff, C., Goff, J., and Jaffe, B. (2012). The future of tsunami research following the 2011 Tohoku-oki event. Sedimentary Geology, 282:1–13.
Grilli, A. and Grilli, S. T. (2013). Modeling of tsunami generation, propagation and regional impact along the upper US East Coast from the Azores convergence zone. Technical Report No. CACR-13-04, Center for Applied Coastal Research, University of Delaware.
Grilli, S. T., Dubosq, S., Pophet, N., Pérignon, Y., Kirby, J. T., and Shi, F. (2010). Numerical simulation and first-order hazard analysis of large co-seismic tsunamis generated in the Puerto Rico trench: near-field impact on the North shore of Puerto Rico and far-field impact on the US East Coast. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 10(10):2109–2125.
Grilli, S. T., O’Reilly, C., Harris, J. C., Tajalli Bakhsh, T., Tehranirad, B., Banihashemi, S., Kirby, J. T., Baxter, C. D. P., Eggeling, T., Ma, G., and Shi, F. (2014). Modeling of SMF tsunami hazard along the upper US East Coast: detailed impact around Ocean City, MD. Natural Hazards, 76(2):705–746.
Grothe, P. R., Taylor, L. A., Eakins, B. W., Warnken, R. R., Carignan, K. S., Lim, E., Caldwell, R. J., and Friday, D. (2010). Digital elevation model of ocean city, maryland: Procedures, data and analysis. Technical report, NOAA Technical Memorandum NESDIS NGDC-37, Dept. of Commerce, Boulder, CO, 37 pp.
Hori, K., Kuzumoto, R., Hirouchi, D., Umitsu, M., Janjirawuttikul, N., and Patanakanog, B. (2007). Horizontal and vertical variation of 2004 Indian tsunami deposits: an example of two transects along the western coast of Thailand. Marine Geology, 239(3):163–172.
Kirby, J. T., Shi, F., Tehranirad, B., Harris, J. C., and Grilli, S. T. (2013). Dispersive tsunami waves in the ocean: Model equations and sensitivity to dispersion and Coriolis effects. Ocean Modelling, 62:39–55.
Kobayashi, N. and Lawrence, A. R. (2004). Cross-shore sediment transport under breaking solitary waves. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans(1978–2012), 109(C3).
Larson, M. and Kraus, N. C. (1989). Sbeach: numerical model for simulating storm-induced beach change. report 1. empirical foundation and model development. Technical report, DTIC Document.
Shi, F., Kirby, J. T., Harris, J. C., Geiman, J. D., and Grilli, S. T. (2012). A high-order adaptive time-stepping TVD solver for Boussinesq modeling of breaking waves and coastal inundation. Ocean Modelling, 43:36–51.
Szczuciński, W., Kokociński, M., Rzeszewski, M., Chagué-Goff, C., Cachão, M., Goto, K., and Sugawara, D. (2012). Sediment sources and sedimentation processes of 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami deposits on the Sendai Plain, Japan—insights from diatoms, nannoliths and grain size distribution. Sedimentary Geology, 282:40–56.
Tanaka, H., Tinh, N. X., Umeda, M., Hirao, R., Pradjoko, E., Mano, A., and Udo, K. (2012). Coastal and estuarine morphology changes induced by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Tsunami. Coastal Engineering Journal, 54(01):1250010.
Tehranirad, B., Banihashemi, S., Kirby, J. T., Callahan, J. A., and Shi, F. (2014). Tsunami Inundation Mapping for Ocean City, MD NGDC DEM. Technical Report No, CACR-14-08, Center for Applied Coastal Research, University of Delaware.
Tehranirad, B., Harris, J. C., Grilli, A. R., Grilli, S. T., Abadie, S., Kirby, J. T., and Shi, F. (2015). Far-Field Tsunami Impact in the North Atlantic Basin from Large Scale Flank Collapses of the Cumbre Vieja Volcano, La Palma. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 172(12):3589–3616.
Tehranirad, B., Shi, F., Kirby, J. T., Harris, J. C., and Grilli, S. T. (2011). Tsunami benchmark results for fully nonlinear Boussinesq wave model FUNWAVE-TVD. Version 1.0. Technical Report No. CACR-11-02, Center for Applied Coastal Research, University of Delaware.
Udo, K., Sugawara, D., Tanaka, H., Imai, K., and Mano, A. (2012). Impact of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami on beach morphology along the northern Sendai coast. Coastal Engineering Journal, 54(01):1250009.
van Rijn, L. C. (1984). Sediment pick-up functions. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 110(10):1494–1502.
Wilson, R., Davenport, C., and Jaffe, B. (2012). Sediment scour and deposition within harbors in California (USA), caused by the March 11, 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami. Sedimentary Geology, 282:228–240.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Coastal Structures and Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2015: Tsunamis
Pages: 145 - 153
Editors: Louise Wallendorf, U.S. Naval Academy and Daniel T. Cox, Ph.D., Oregon State University
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8031-1
Copyright
© 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Jul 11, 2017
Published in print: Jul 11, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.