Chapter
Jul 11, 2017
Coastal Structures and Solutions to Coastal Disasters Joint Conference 2015

Stability Tests and Damage on Breakwaters Armoured with Tetrapods

Publication: Coastal Structures and Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2015: Resilient Coastal Communities

ABSTRACT

The objective of this paper is to evaluate damage in breakwaters armoured with tetrapods using physical modelling data. The hydraulic laboratory tests reproduced the complex geometry of a rubble mound breakwater armoured with tetrapod concrete blocks and subjected to breaking wave action. The test programme included both flume (2-dimentional; 2D) tests and wave basin (3-dimentional; 3D) tests using several combinations of input parameters, such as wave heights, wave periods, and wave directions, water level elevations, and tetrapod sizes. During physical model tests, the hydraulic stability of the tetrapod-armoured breakwater was evaluated, and the damage was measured for every design storm segment using the ‘flickering’ technique. The results obtained from the laboratory tests are in general similar to those predicted using published literature regarding the stability coefficient (KD) of Hudson’s formula.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors thank Carioca Christiani Nielsen Engineering (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) for financial support and the Institute of Environmental Hydraulics (IH Cantabria) of the University of Cantabria (Santander, Spain) for conducting the physical model tests.

REFERENCES

CIRIA (Construction Industry Research and Information Association). (2007). The Rock Manual, 2nd edition. Publication C683, CIRIA, CUR, CETMEF.
USACE (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). (2002). Coastal Engineering Manual. Engineer Manual 1110-2-1100, Washington, D.C.
USACE. (1984). Shore Protection Manual, 4th edition. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC), Vicksburg, MS.
Silva, Renan F. and Sayao, Otavio J. (2015). Evaluation of Damage in Tetrapod Breakwaters (in Portuguese). Revista de Engenharia e Tecnologia, Special Ed., Ocean Engineering, ISSN 2176-7270, Vol. 7, No. 2 (2015), Pub., Open Journal System (OJS 2.2.3.0), pp. 130-143.
De Jong, R.J. (1996). Wave transmission at low-crested structures. Stability of tetrapods at front, crest and rear of a low-crested breakwater. M.Sc. Thesis, Delft University of Technology.
Van der Meer, J.W. (1999). Design of concrete armour layers. Proceedings, Coastal Structures ‘99, Santander, Spain. Losada (ed.), Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 213-221.

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Go to Coastal Structures and Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2015
Coastal Structures and Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2015: Resilient Coastal Communities
Pages: 925 - 932
Editors: Louise Wallendorf, U.S. Naval Academy and Daniel T. Cox, Ph.D., Oregon State University
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8030-4

History

Published online: Jul 11, 2017
Published in print: Jul 11, 2017

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Otavio J. Sayao, Ph.D., M.ASCE [email protected]
P.E.
Hatch Ltd., Suite 400, 1066 West Hastings St., Vancouver, BC, Canada V6E 3X2. E-mail: [email protected]
Renan F. da Silva [email protected]
Hatch Ltd., Rua Buenos Aires 15, 8th Floor, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 20070-021. E-mail: [email protected]

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