Coastal Structures and Solutions to Coastal Disasters Joint Conference 2015
Numerical Investigation of Developed and Undeveloped Barrier Island Response to Hurricane Sandy
Publication: Coastal Structures and Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2015: Resilient Coastal Communities
ABSTRACT
Hurricane Sandy destroyed coastal areas along the Atlantic Coast of the U.S.A. upon making landfall on 29 October 2012. High storm surge and waves caused severe overwash and breaching on both uninhabited and developed barrier islands. In this study, we evaluate the extent to which erosion is affected by infrastructure using the numerical model XBeach. Several scenarios are simulated to represent Mantoloking and Bay Head, which are neighboring townships on an urbanized New Jersey barrier island: the ‘developed’ scenarios include buildings and a buried seawall as they existed in their pre-storm conditions, and the ‘abandoned’ scenarios exclude the buildings and the seawall. Comparing these scenarios, we determine the seawall greatly reduces erosion on the dune and landward side, but erosion is exacerbated by buildings due to flow channelization. When both buildings and the seawall are removed, the barrier island is completely inundated and overwashed into the bay, indicating a landward migration of the island. These results show coastal infrastructure can have extreme effects on barrier island response to storm events.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This research was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, under Award No. NA14OAR4170093 to Virginia Sea Grant, National Science Foundation via grant #EAR-1312813, and National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship program under grant #DGE-1148903. J. den Bieman and A. van Dongeren are supported through Deltares Research Program on “Hydro- and Morphodynamics during extreme events”. The authors thank Dr. Philip Orton, Stevens Institute of Technology, for providing surge data from sECOM simulations. The authors acknowledge Advanced Research Computing at Virginia Tech for providing computational resources and technical sup- port that have contributed to the results reported within this paper. URL: http://www.arc.vt.edu.
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Published In
Coastal Structures and Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2015: Resilient Coastal Communities
Pages: 74 - 79
Editors: Louise Wallendorf, U.S. Naval Academy and Daniel T. Cox, Ph.D., Oregon State University
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8030-4
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© 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Published online: Jul 11, 2017
Published in print: Jul 11, 2017
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