GIS, GPS, and BIM-Based Risk Control of Subway Station Construction

In the process of subway station construction, many large construction equipments are placed in a narrow area where the operations are highly dense and the equipments have to carry heavy load and move or rotate in a broader space. In addition, there are tall equipments carrying out aerial operation. Some construction equipments are placed in limited underground space. These special conditions bring extremely high risks to subway station construction. This paper probes into (1) the application of BIM in summarizing and dynamically managing all the information and data in the process of construction; and (2) the installation of GPS receiver OEM board on large, high-risk construction equipments, the utilization of GIS and GPS data in dynamic management of three-dimensional geographic spatial location information of machineries and the visualized management of all data and information. In addition, this paper analyzes the risks related to large construction equipments and neighboring buildings and controlling methods. In this paper, the author suggests to integrate GIS, GPS and BIM to develop construction early warning and risk management systems so as to dynamically monitor the conflict risks among cranes, drilling machines, excavators, loaders and dumpers, the risks of collision between equipments and neighboring buildings and the risks of deformation and structure damage of foundation pits and retaining walls. Lastly, this paper analyzes the functional needs of the early warning and management system, which provides a theoretical reference for the development and implementation of this system.