Chapter 5
Simple Models and Methods
Publication: Total Maximum Daily Load Development and Implementation: Models, Methods, and Resources
Abstract
This chapter reviews simple models and methods found in the literature, some used in total maximum daily load (TMDL) developments and implementation planning and the others having potentials. Most of the simple models and methods are based on empirical relationships that can be used to estimate pollutant loads, export, or yields based on land use or other annual averaged watershed characteristics. The simple models and methods may be used to determine a TMDL for uncomplicated impaired waterbodies and when the important water quality processes are unknown, be deployed in a phased determination of a TMDL, or be employed to check TMDL determinations by other methods. The Load-Duration Curve approach allows the characterization of water quality concentrations for varied flow regimes. A major advantage of simple methods is their ability to provide a rapid assessment and screening tool for identifying critical pollutant loading areas or stream reaches with minimal effort and data requirements.
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Acknowledgments
Reviews, edits, and comments provided by Deva K. Borah, G. Padmanabhan, and Steven C. McCutcheon in this chapter are greatly appreciated.
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Published In
Total Maximum Daily Load Development and Implementation: Models, Methods, and Resources
Pages: 135 - 167
Editors: Harry X. Zhang, Ph.D., Nigel W.T. Quinn, Ph.D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3333-4763, Deva K. Borah, Ph.D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2107-9390, and G. Padmanabhan, Ph.D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3209-1379
ISBN (Print): 978-0-7844-1594-8
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8382-4
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© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Published online: Feb 24, 2022
Published in print: Mar 1, 2022
ASCE Technical Topics:
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- Continuum mechanics
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- Dynamic loads
- Dynamics (solid mechanics)
- Engineering fundamentals
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- Environmental engineering
- Information management
- Infrastructure
- Land use
- Load duration
- Load factors
- Pollution
- River engineering
- River systems
- Soil pollution
- Solid mechanics
- Structural design
- Structural dynamics
- Urban and regional development
- Urban areas
- Water and water resources
- Water management
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