Chapter 3
Evapotranspiration and Evaporative Demand
Publication: Statistical Analysis of Hydrologic Variables: Methods and Applications
Abstract
Evapotranspiration (ET) comprises the sum of fluxes of moisture from the terrestrial surface to the atmosphere or, more specifically, evaporation from ground and water surfaces and transpiration from vegetative canopies. This chapter aims to provide an examination of statistical issues arising in observing ET and in one of the most common procedures for estimating ET from its companion theoretical flux that pertain to operational practitioners. It discusses functional ET estimation with a statistical perspective, the role of statistical distributions in the estimation of ET and evaporative demand (E0), and the significance of detected trends. This chapter examines two types of uncertainty: aleatory and epistemic. It also discusses the limitations of E0 parameterizations based on air temperature as opposed to more fully physically descriptive parameterizations. It also considers physical models and observations of ET and E0.
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Statistical Analysis of Hydrologic Variables: Methods and Applications
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