Chapter 20
Disposal and Recycling of Sewage Sludge
Publication: Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management
Abstract
Sewage sludge is an inevitable by-product in the process of wastewater treatment. Its increasingly huge quantity and persistently environmental contamination makes the disposal and recycling of it an issue of great importance. The common disposal methods of sewage sludge include ocean disposal, landfill, composting, and land application. This chapter describes the application of sewage sludge in the production of sludge-based ceramic particles (SBCP) and sludge-based activated carbon (SBAC). SBAC can be widely used as an adsorbent for the removal of various pollutants in the liquid phase. The main constituents of sewage sludge are proteins, fats, urea, cellulose, silica, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, iron, calcium oxide, alumina, magnesium oxide, and potash. Commercial ceramic particles (CCP) generally are used as materials in building industries and the filter media in water treatment units. Sewage sludge is a highly promising feedstock for the production of water treatment materials, as well as for some novel materials.
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