Chapter 9
Anaerobic Treatment of Wastewater
Publication: Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management
Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the fundamentals and applications of anaerobic wastewater treatment processes. It discusses the fundamentals of anaerobic wastewater treatment processes and the effects of various environmental/physicochemical parameters on anaerobic wastewater treatment processes. The chapter describes the classifications of different types of anaerobic treatment processes based on mode of microbial growth. It demonstrates different types of reactors associated with anaerobic treatment processes and describes the anaerobic wastewater treatment process kinetics using different kinetic models. Anaerobic treatment technology has emerged as one of the best treatment processes for different types of wastewater. Anaerobic lagoons are used for high strength organic wastewater, such as industrial wastewaters or a mixture of industrial and domestic wastewaters. Anaerobic hybrid reactor integrates biological degradation of waste products in an anaerobic condition with membrane filtration.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.
References
Alvarez, J. A., Armstrong, E., Gomez, M., and Soto, M. (2008). “Anaerobic treatment of low-strength municipal wastewater by a two-stage pilot plant under psychrophilic conditions.” Bioresour. Technol., 99(15), 7051–7062.
Aydinol, F. I. T., Yetilmezsoy, K., Comez, S., and Bayhan, H. (2010). “Performance evaluation and kinetic modeling of the start-up of a UASB reactor treating municipal wastewater at low temperature.” Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng., 34(2), 153–162.
Azbar, N., and Speece, R. E. (2001). “Two-phase, two-stage, and single-stage anaerobic process comparison.” J. Environ. Eng., 240–248.
Azbar, N., Ursillo, P., and Speece, R. E. (2001). “Effect of process configuration and substratecomplexity on the performance of anaerobic processes.” Water Res., 35(3), 817–829.
Bhunia, P., and Ghangrekar, M. M. (2008). “Analysis, evaluation, and optimization of kinetic parameters for performance appraisal and design of UASB reactors.” Bioresour. Technol., 99(7), 2132–2140.
Brunetti, A., Boari, G., Passino, R., and Rozz, A. (1983). “Physical-chemical factors affecting start-up in UASB digester.” Proc., European Symp. on Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment, Noordwijkerhout, Netherlands, 317–334.
Buitron, G., Razo-Flores, E., Meraz, M., and Alatriste-Mondragon, F. (2006). “Biological wastewater treatment systems.” Advanced biological treatment processes for industrial wastewaters, IWA Publishing, U.K.
Chen, Y., Cheng, J. J., and Creamer, K. S. (2008). “Inhibition of anaerobic digestion process: A review.” Bioresour. Technol., 99(10), 4044–4064.
Chernicharo, C., and Augusto, de L. (2007). Anaerobic reactors: Biological wastewater treatment, Vol. 4, IWA Publishing, U.K.
Cicek, N., Franco, J. P., Suidan, M. T., Urbain, V., and Manem, J. (1999). “Characterization and comparison of a membrane bioreactor and a conventional activated-sludge system in the treatment of wastewater containing high-molecular-weight compounds.” Water Environ. Res., 71(1), 64–70.
Coskun, T., Kabuk, H. A., Varinca, K. B., Debik, E., Durak, I., and Kavurt, C. (2012). “Antibiotic fermentation broth treatment by a pilot upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor and kinetic modeling.” Bioresour. Technol., 121, 31–35.
De Lemos Chernicharo, C. A. (2007). Anaerobic reactors, biological wastewater treatment series volume 4, IWA Publishing, London.
Espinoza-Escalante, F. M., Pelayo-Ortíz, C., Gutiérrez-Pulido, H., González-Alvarez, V., Alcaraz-Gonzalez, V., and Bories, A. (2008). “Multiple response optimization analysis for pretreatments of Tequila’s stillages for VFAs and hydrogen production.” Bioresour. Technol., 99(13), 5822–5829.
Fang, H. H. P., and Liu, Y. (2001). “Anaerobic wastewater treatment in sub-tropical regions.” Advances in water and wastewater technology, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Fatherpure, B. Z. (1987). “Factors affecting the methanogenic activity of methanothrixSoehngenii.” Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 53(12), 2978–2982.
Ghangrekar, M. M. (1997). “Studies on granulation, start-up, and performance of UASB reactor under different operating conditions.” Ph.D. dissertation, CESE, IIT, Mumbai.
Grady, J., Daigger, G., and Lim, H. (1999). Biological wastewater treatment, Marcel Dekker, New York.
Grau, P., Dohanyas, M., and Chudoba, J. (1975). “Kinetics of multicomponent substrate removal by activated sludge.” Water Res., 9(7), 637–642.
Haandel van Adrianus, C., and Lettinga, G. (1994). Anaerobic sewage treatment, Wiley, Singapore.
Hashemian, S. J., and James, A. (1990). “Gas-solid-liquid separator in anaerobic treatment of wastewater.” Water Res., 24(3), 381–382.
Hulshoff Pol, L. W., Euler, H., Schroth, S., Wittur, T., and Grohganz, D. (1998). “GTZ sectoral project promotion of anaerobic technology for the treatment of municipal and industrial wastes and wastewater.” Proc., 5th Latin American Seminar on Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment, Vina del Mar, Chile.
Hulshoff Pol, Z. W., Dolfing, J., and Lettinga, G. (1983). “Start up and sludge granulation in UASB reactors.” Proc., European Symp. on Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment, Noordwijkerhout, Netherlands, 40–43.
Isik, M., and Sponza, D. T. (2008). “Anaerobic/aerobic treatment of simulated textile wastewater.” Sep. Purif. Technol., 60(1), 64–72.
Johanssen, S. (2008). “Evaluation of anaerobic CSTRs operated in series.” M.Sc. dessertstion, Lund Univ., Sweden.
Kiely, G. (2007). Environmental engineering, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
Lahav, O., and Morgan, B. E. (2004). “Titration methodologies for monitoring of anaerobicdigestion in developing countries—A review.” J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 79(12), 1331–1341.
Lawrence, A. L., and McCarty, P. L. (1969). “Kinetics of methane fermentation in anaerobic treatment.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 41, Rl–R17.
Lettinga, G. (1995). “Anaerobic digestion and wastewater treatment systems.” Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 67(1), 3–28.
Lettinga, G. M., Lastvander, A. R. M., Weigant, W., Kippenberge van, K., Frijns, J., and Buren van, J. C. L. (1993). “Anaerobic treatment of domestic sewage and wastewater.” Water Sci. Technol., 27(9), 67–73.
Liao, B. Q., Kraemer, J. T., and Bagley, D. M. (2006). “Anaerobic membrane bioreactors: Applications and research directions.” Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol., 36(6), 489–530.
Lilly, S. H. H. (2010). “First-stage and single-stage continuously stirred tank anaerobic digestion of synthetic complex wastewater and piggery wastewater.” Ph.D. dissertation, Murdoch Univ., Western Australia.
Lin, K. C., and Yang, Z. (1991). “Technical review on the UASB process.” Int. J. Environ. Stud., 39(3), 203–222.
Manem, J., and Sanderson, R. (1996). “Membrane bioreactors.” Water treatment membrane processesed, McGraw Hill, New York.
McCarty, P. L. (1964). “Anaerobic waste treatment fundamentals, part two, environmental requirements and control.” Public Works, 123–126.
Metcalf and Eddy Inc. (2003). Wastewater engineering treatment and reuse, 4th Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
Morawicki, R. O. (2011). Handbook of sustainability for the food sciences, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
Nicolella, C., Van Looserdrecht, M. C. M., and Heijnen, J. J. (2000). “Wastewater treatment with particular biofilm reactors.” J. Biotechnol., 80(1), 1–33.
NRCS (Natural Resources Conservation Service). (2003). “National conservation practice standards.” 〈http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/technical/references/?cid=nrcsdev11_001020〉 (May 14, 2015).
Ong, L. S. (1990). “A comparison of estimates of kinetic constants for a suspended growth treatment system from various linear transformations.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 62, 894–900.
Parkin, G. F., and Owen, W. E. (1986). “Fundamentals of anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludges.” J. Environ. Eng., 867–920.
Prakash, S. M., and Gupta, S. K. (2000). “Biodegradation of tetrachloroethylene in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor.” Bioresour. Technol., 72(1), 47–54.
Reynolds, T. D. (1982). Unit operations and processes in environmental engineering, PWS-Kent Publishing, Boston.
Salminen, E., and Rintala, J. (2002). “Anaerobic digestion of organic solid poultry slaughterhouse waste—A review.” Bioresour. Technol., 83(1), 13–26.
Sincero, A. P., and Sincero, G. A. (2011). Environmental engineering: A design approach, Pearson Education, NJ.
Speece, R. E. (1983). “Anaerobic biotechnology for industrial waste treatment.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 17(9), 416A–427A.
Stover, E. L., and Kincannon, D. F. (1982). “Rotating biological contactor scaleup and design.” Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Fixed Film Biological Processes, Univ. of Pittsburgh, Kings Island, OH.
U.S. EPA. (2002). “Onsite wastewater treatment systems manual.” Office of Water, Office of Research and Development.
Versyck, J. K., Claes, E. J., and Van Impe, F. J. (1997). “Practical identification of unstructured growth kinetics by application of optimal experimental design.” Biotechnol. Progr. 13(5), 524–531.
Yadvika, S. S., Kohli, T. R., and Rana, V. (2004). “Enhancement of biogas production from solid substrates using different techniques—A review.” Bioresour. Technol., 95(1), 1–10.
Yu, H. Q., and Fang, H. H. P. (2000). “Inhibition by chromium and Cadmium of Anaerobic acidogenesis.” Water Sci. Technol., 43(1), 267–274.
Zhang, T. C., and Noike, T. (1993). “Influence of retention time on reactor performance andbacterial trophic populations in anaerobic digestion processes.” Water Res., 28(1), 27–36.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management
Pages: 297 - 336
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Jul 1, 2016
ASCE Technical Topics:
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.