Automated Container Terminal Design at the POLA

Driven by the need for ever-increasing efficiencies in terminal operations, the Port of Los Angeles (POLA or Port) is redeveloping 135 acres of the TraPac Terminal into a state-of-the-art automated container terminal with an annual capacity of 1.6 million 20-foot equivalent units (TEUs). This will be one of the first terminals in the world to deploy automated shuttle carriers as horizontal transport in conjunction with automated stacking crane (ASC) blocks. The automated shuttle carriers will transport the containers to ASC blocks and a semi-automated, on-dock, intermodal container transfer facility (ICTF). This paper provides unique perspectives and lessons learned on specific technical areas such as design of ASC blocks, design considerations for waterside and landside interchange areas, container stacking area, crane rail, crane rail foundation, grading, drainage, pavement, power supply, reefer racks, and experience with crane manufacturers. This project broke ground in the summer of 2012 with the first automated shuttle carrier functional by winter 2012. The redevelopment will occur in phases, with the first ASC block scheduled for completion by late 2013. This project is an example of the paradigm shift occurring in container terminal design. The fast-track nature of the project has shown the importance of integration between crane manufacturer, shipping operations, and Port infrastructure. The infrastructure design was driven by the operation of the ASC blocks, site conditions, crane manufacturer's requirements, and the tenant's priorities and phasing requirements. This paper addresses the various design challenges including site constraints, seismic design, conflicts with existing utilities, power distribution, rail tolerances, safety considerations for adjacent manned operations, construction phasing, permits, and agency approvals. This paper also presents the approach used in selection and design of key components including crane rail foundation type, pavement type, and drainage system.