Simulation Modeling of Concrete Key Grooves in Hydraulic Structures

The structural types, geometry properties, force transfer modes and performance of various key grooves are thoroughly evaluated, and the important factors, such as single key groove, two-way key groove, and multi-way key groove, are considered in modeling. The relationships between the initial normal and shear apertures of the key groove are derived. A nonlinear constitutive law, so called the key groove shear transfer model, is presented, in which the initial aperture of the joint is included. In the modeling and analysis, the direction, shape, and shear strength of the key grooves are considered, and the variation law and the contact characteristics of the key grooves are fully revealed, shedding light on critical component analysis and design of concrete key grooves in hydraulic structures. Further, a variable incremental search method used for the solution of the nonlinear space contact problem is proposed, from which the stability of calculation is assessed. The analytical models and results presented in this study provide a benchmark for design analysis of concrete key grooves in hydraulic structures and can be better utilized in optimum design of key grooves.