Using GIS for Stormwater Management and Responsible Land Use Planning

In New Jersey and throughout the country, the new Municipal Stormwater Regulation Program will require significant changes in the way stormwater infrastructure is managed. Digital mapping can offer a variety of solutions to make this process easier. A digital map allows the user to manage multiple sheets in a single electronic file, and to retrieve the necessary mapping information in a matter of seconds. By taking digital maps to the next level with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, it is also possible to add other critical data right to the map itself. Whereas a digital map will allow the user to view the location of a stormwater drainage pipe in relation to its surroundings, GIS technology will allow the user to view tables of information about the same stormwater drainage pipe with a simple click of the mouse. Entire infrastructure systems, as well as Stormwater Management Plans and Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans can be mapped, and a wide variety of related data can be organized and managed with GIS. The zoning and land use aspects associated with good stormwater management and water quality improvement practices can also be tracked with GIS. For example, by performing a build-out analysis, it is possible to study the impact of future growth and development on a municipality or region. By analyzing the "what-if" factors of additional impervious surfaces, potable water needs, and even pollution from additional automobiles now, it will be possible to utilize Smart Growth and related initiatives to prevent environmental damage before it occurs, rather than trying to deal with its impact later on. GIS can also assist with the public education initiatives needed to make these changes seem both positive and possible.