Warping-Inclusive Kinematic Coupling in Mixed-Dimension Macro Models for Steel Wide Flange Beam Columns
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 2
Abstract
A warping-inclusive kinematic coupling method to be used in finite-element analysis of members featuring wide-flange cross sections is proposed in this paper. This coupling method is used in mixed-dimension macromodels that combine continuum and beam-column elements to reduce the computational cost of purely continuum finite-element models. The proposed coupling method, utilizing either linear or nonlinear constraint equations, is implemented and validated in a commercial finite-element software; the source code is made publicly available. Case studies indicate that including warping in the coupling formulation is critical for components that may experience coupled local and lateral-torsional buckling. Also highlighted is the potential of macromodels to reduce the total degrees of freedom by up-to about 60%, and computational memory use by up to around 80%, while retaining solution fidelity for beam, column, and panel zone components in steel moment-resting frames. The case studies show that the linear constraint equation formulation may not be suitable for all problems; however, it may still yield acceptable results as long as the level of twisting is insignificant and lateral-torsional buckling is not critical.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code generated or used during the study are available in a repository or online in accordance with funder data retention policies. This includes the code for the proposed coupling method and imperfection generation (Hartloper 2020); and the code used to generate the Voce-Chaboche material model properties (de Castro e Sousa et al. 2019). Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. This includes the finite-element models used in the case studies.
Acknowledgments
The authors sincerely thank Professor Michael Engelhardt from the University of Texas at Austin for allowing for the use of Fig. 12 and providing the experimental data for the DBBW subassembly. The authors also sincerely thank Professor Ahmed Elkady from the University of Southampton for allowing use of Figs. 7(c) and 16(a) and providing the experimental data from Specimen C5. This study is based on work supported by EPFL and by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Project No. 200021_188476) for the first author, and an EPFL internal grant for the second author. The financial support is gratefully acknowledged. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of sponsors.
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Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 148 • Issue 2 • February 2022
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Nov 17, 2020
Accepted: Aug 10, 2021
Published online: Nov 17, 2021
Published in print: Feb 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Apr 17, 2022
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