Expert System for Determining Discharge Coefficients for Inclined Slide Gates Using Genetic Programming
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 12
Abstract
Slide gates are commonly used to adjust flow in open canals. The discharge coefficient () for a slide gate is a function of the gate’s geometric and hydraulic characteristics. For free flow conditions, depends on the upstream water level and the opening of the gate, whereas for submerged flow, it also depends on the downstream water level. The main aim of this study is to conduct a series of laboratory experiments to determine for inclined slide gates. These tests and models were used to evaluate both free and submerged flows. Experiments with inclination angles of 0°, 15°, 30°, and 45° were studied with different gate openings. The collected data are used to develop equations for predicting . The results show that the inclination of the slide gates has a progressive effect on and increases capacity under the gate. The increase in relates to the convergence of the flow through the gate opening. The produced equation via genetic programming with and a relative error of 0.9431 and 0.0014 had optimal efficiency compared with classical multiple regression models. A comparison with other studies for inclination angles of 45° and 60° was also conducted.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all of the data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
References
Abdelhaleem, F. S. F. 2017. “Hydraulics of submerged radial gates with a sill.” ISH J. Hydraul. Eng. 23 (2): 177–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/09715010.2016.1273798.
Aydin, M., and A. Emre. 2017. “Numerical modelling of sluice gates with different sill types under submerged flow conditions.” J. Sci. Technol. 7 (1): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.17678/beuscitech.310157.
Azamathulla, H. M., A. H. Haghiabi, and A. Parsaie. 2016. “Prediction of side weir discharge coefficient by support vector machine technique.” Water Sci. Technol. Water Supply 16 (4): 1002–1016. https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2016.014.
Belaud, G., L. Cassan, and J. P. Baume. 2009. “Calculation of contraction coefficient under sluice gates and application to discharge measurement.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 135 (12): 1086–1091. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000122.
Gharib, R., M. Heydari, S. Kardar, and S. Shabanlou. 2020. “Simulation of discharge coefficient of side weirs placed on convergent canals using modern self-adaptive extreme learning machine.” Appl. Water Sci. 10 (1): 50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1136-0.
Guven, A., M. Hassan, and S. Sabir. 2013. “Experimental investigation on discharge coefficient for a combined broad crested weir-box culvert structure.” J. Hydrol. 500 (Sep): 97–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.07.021.
Henry, H. R. 1950. Discussion of “Diffusion of submerged jets”. Translated by M. L. Albertson, Y. B. Dai, R. A. Jensen, and H. Rouse, 687–694. New York: ASCE.
Kahlown, M. A., and W. D. Kemper. 2004. “Seepage losses as affected by condition and composition of channel banks.” Agric. Water Manage. 65 (2): 145–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2003.07.006.
Kumar, M., P. Sihag, N. K. Tiwari, and S. Ranjan. 2020. “Experimental study and modelling discharge coefficient of trapezoidal and rectangular piano key weirs.” Appl. Water Sci. 10 (1): 43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1104-8.
Li, Y. K., X. L. He, L. C. Qiu, J. Chen, and Y. Han. 2018. “Experimental investigation of discharge characteristics of float type sluice gate.” In Vol. 191 of Proc., IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 4th Int. Conf. on Water Resource and Environment, 012094. Kaohsiung City, Taiwan: I-Shou Univ. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/191/1/012094.
Montes, J. S. 1997. “Irrotational flow and real fluid effects under planar sluice gates.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 123 (3): 219–232. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:3(219).
Nago, H. 1978. “Influence of gate-shapes on discharge coefficients of underflow gates.” Proc. JSCE 1978 (270): 59–71. https://doi.org/10.2208/jscej1969.1978.270_59.
Norouzi, R., R. Daneshfaraz, and A. Ghaderi. 2019. “Investigation of discharge coefficient of trapezoidal labyrinth weirs using artificial neural networks and support vector machines.” Appl. Water Sci. 9 (7): 148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-1026-5.
Pagliara, S., R. Das, and M. Palermo. 2008. “Energy dissipation on submerged block ramps.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 134 (4): 527–532. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2008)134:4(527).
Parsaie, A., A. H. Haghiabi, S. Emamgholizadeh, and H. M. Azamathulla. 2019. “Prediction of discharge coefficient of combined weir-gate using ANN, ANFIS and SVM.” Int. J. Hydrol. Sci. Technol. 9 (4): 412–429. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJHST.2019.102422.
Radi, R. A. 2016. “Modeling of flow characteristics beneath vertical and inclined sluice gates using artificial neural networks.” J. Ain Shams Eng. 7 (2): 917–924. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2016.01.009.
Rajaratnam, N. 1977. “Free-flow immediately below sluice gates.” J. Hydraul. Div. 103 (4): 345–351.
Rajaratnam, N., and K. Subramanya. 1967. “Flow equation for the sluice gate.” J. Irrig. Drain. Div. 93 (3): 167–186.
Ramamurthy, R. S., B. S. Pani, and K. Submmanya. 1978. “Sluice gates with high discharge coefficients.” J. Irrig. Drain. Div. 104 (4): 437–441.
Salmasi, F., M. Nouri, and J. Abraham. 2019. “Laboratory study of the effect of sills on radial gate discharge coefficient.” KSCE J. Civ. Eng. 23 (5): 2117–2125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-1114-y.
Salmasi, F., G. Yıldırım, A. Masoodi, and P. Parsamehr. 2013. “Predicting discharge coefficient of compound broad-crested weir by using genetic programming (GP) and artificial neural network (ANN) techniques.” Arabian J. Geosci. 6 (7): 2709–2717. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-012-0540-7.
Silva, C. O., and M. Rijo. 2017. “Flow rate measurements under sluice gates.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 143 (6): 06017001. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001177.
Swamee, P. K. 1992. “Sluice-gate discharge equations.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 118 (1): 56–60. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(1992)118:1(56).
Swamee, P. K., S. K. Pathak, M. Talib, and C. S. P. Ojaha. 2000. “Discharge characteristics of skew sluice gates.” J. Irrig. Drain. 126 (5): 328–334. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2000)126:5(328).
Zaji, A. H., and H. Bonakdari. 2017. “Optimum support vector regression for discharge coefficient of modified side weirs prediction.” INAE Lett. 2 (1): 25–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41403-017-0018-8.
Zarei, S., F. Yosefvand, and S. Shabanloub. 2020. “Discharge coefficient of side weirs on converging channels using extreme learning machine modeling method.” Measurement 152 (Feb): 107321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2019.107321.
Zounemat Kermani, M., and A. Mahdavi Meymand. 2019. “Hybrid meta-heuristics artificial intelligence models in simulating discharge passing the piano key weirs.” J. Hydrol. 596 (Feb): 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.11.052.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 17, 2020
Accepted: Aug 10, 2020
Published online: Oct 8, 2020
Published in print: Dec 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Mar 8, 2021
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.