Mechanical Properties and Air Permeability of Concrete Containing Waste Tires Extracts
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 33, Issue 2
Abstract
The safe disposal of waste tires has been seen as having a negative impact on the environment. To mitigate this impact, the components of waste tires can be used in the production of green concrete. This study explores the effects of the curing and drying regime on the mechanical properties and permeation characteristics of concrete containing both crumbed rubber and steel fibers that are removed from waste tires. Five concrete mixes were designed, and concrete cubes, cylinders, and prisms were cast using waste tires extracts. Crumb rubber was treated by submersion in sodium hydroxide and then used to partially replace 10% and 30% of fine aggregates in the concrete mix. Extracted steel fibers were added at the rate of 1% and 2% per volume of each mix. Compressive and indirect splitting tensile as well as flexural strengths were conducted after normal curing while observing several drying conditions. Additionally, air permeability was assessed using a portable apparatus that was developed to assess permeability easily. For the concrete test specimens containing 10% partial replacement of fine aggregate by crumb rubber and 1% steel fibers, it was discovered that the splitting tensile strength and flexural strength were higher than that of the control mix by 21% and 22.6%, respectively. For specimens that included the 10% crumb rubber and 1% steel fibers, when exposed to oven drying at 105°C for 12 h, the compressive strength results increased by 17% compared with the control specimens exposed to the same conditions. Unlike the compressive strength results, the splitting tensile and flexural strength results decreased after exposing the specimens to elevated temperature. The addition of crumb rubber and steel fibers as a partial fine-aggregate replacement resulted in increasing the air permeability of the concrete to different degrees depending on the percentages used. The oven-drying curing regime improved the permeability by reducing it in specimens containing the 10% crumb rubber and 1% steel fibers as indicated by increasing their permeability time index by 15% when compared with air-dried specimens. Using waste tire extracts as a partial replacement of concrete fine aggregate can be recommended for both indoor and outdoor applications. This study showed that this was a viable, economic, and environmentally friendly method for reducing carbon footprint.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the Civil and Industrial Engineering Department at University of Liverpool (UoL) and the material laboratory of Civil Engineering Department at German University in Cairo (GUC). Special thanks are extended to Mr. Daniel Egyir, the concrete lab technician at the University of West London (UWL), who helped in the development of the portable air permeability apparatus.
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Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 33 • Issue 2 • February 2021
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 26, 2020
Accepted: Jul 29, 2020
Published online: Dec 2, 2020
Published in print: Feb 1, 2021
Discussion open until: May 2, 2021
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