Hydrospatial Approach to Assist Decision Making on Reservoir Protection Zones
Publication: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 15, Issue 4
Abstract
Protection zones established for stream drainage systems or water supply reservoirs serve as a major protection measure to reduce water contamination. In essence, a number of physical, chemical, and/or biological processes act together or separately in these areas to reduce a contaminant’s concentration or to convert it to a less threatening form. Yet, time is an important criterion for these processes to occur, as there is less potential for the concentration of a contaminant to be reduced when there is a shorter time of travel between the point where the contaminant enters the stream and the reservoir intake point. In this regard, this study employs the time component of flow among a set of spatial criteria that commonly target assessments of functionality and effectiveness for potential protection zones in a watershed. Such criteria could be practically evaluated in a multicriteria decision-making framework for a proper design of protection zones. The approach is expected to contribute to protection zone design with its increased practicality and similar use in common applications, which may not always be achieved from case-specific modeling exercises.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Akkoyunlu, A., Yuksel, E., Erturk, F., and Bayhan, H. (2002). “Managing of watersheds of Istanbul (Turkey).” Proc., 5th Water Information Summit: Regional Perspectives on Water Information Management Systems, WaterWeb Consortium, Fla.
Arcement, G. J., and Schneider, V. R. (1989). “Guide for selecting Manning's roughness coefficients for natural channels and flood plains.” Technical Rep. USGS Water Supply Paper No. 2339, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Washington, D.C.
Beler Baykal, B., Tanik, A., and Gonenc, I. E. (2000). “Water quality in drinking water reservoirs of a megacity, Istanbul.” J. Environ. Manage., 26(6), 607–614.
California Department of Public Health (CDPH). (2001). Delineating surface water sources and protection zones, L. Rollins, ed., CDPH, Calif.
Chave, P. A. (2001). The EU water framework directive: An introduction, IWA Publishing, London.
Correll, D. L. (1996). “Buffer zones and water quality protection: General principles.” Buffer zones: Their processes and potential in water protection, N. E. Haycock, T. P. Burt, K. W. T. Goulding, and G. Pinay, eds., Quest Environmental, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, U.K.
Department of Environmental Protection (DEP). (2000). Source water assessment and protection program, DEP, Harrisburg, Pa.
Department of Water (DoW). (2008). “Brookton Reservoir catchment area drinking water source protection plan.” Rep. No. 86, Dept. of Water, Perth, Western Australia.
Fistikoglu, O., and Harmancioglu, N. (2002). “Integration of GIS with USLE in assessment of soil erosion.” Water Resour. Manage., 16, 447–467.
Holland, P. G. (2002). “The water framework directive.” Flow Meas. Instrum., 13(5–6), 277–279.
Ileri, B., Gunduz, O., Elci, A., Simsek, C., and Alpaslan, M. N. (2007). “Geographic information systems aided assessment of groundwater quality in the Tahtali Basin.” Proc., 7th National Environmental Engineering Congress—Life, Environment and Technology, Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects—Chamber of Environental Engineers (UCTEA-CEE), Izmir, Turkey, 24–27 (in Turkish).
Izmir Water and Sewerage Administration (IZSU). (2002). “Catchment control regulation.” Rep. No. 05/16, Izmir, Turkey.
LMNO. (1999). “Hydrologic calculations for peak discharge, runoff depth, runoff curve number, time of concentration, and travel times.” LMNO Engineering, Research, and Software, Ltd., ⟨http://www.lmnoeng.com/Hydrology/hydrology.htm⟩ (Oct. 15, 2008).
Merkel, W. (2001). “References on time of concentration with respect to sheet flow.” ⟨http://www.wsi.nrcs.usda.gov/products/W2Q/H&H/docs/WinTR20/Sheet_Flow_References.doc⟩ (Oct. 1, 2008).
Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF). (2004). “Water pollution control regulation.” Official Gazette No. 25687, Dec. 12.
Novotny, V., and Olem, H. (1994). Water quality: Prevention, identification, and management of diffuse pollution, Wiley, New York.
Tanik, A., Beler Baykal, B., and Gonenc, I. E. (2000). “A long-term management plan for a watershed in a world metropolis—Istanbul.” Environ. Manage. Health, 11(3), 208–215.
Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC). (1999). State of Texas source water assessment and protection program strategy, TNRCC, Texas.
U.S. Soil Conservation Service (SCS). (1986). “Technical release 55: Urban hydrology for small watersheds.” U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), ⟨http://www.wsi.nrcs.usda.gov/products/w2q/H&H/docs/other/TR55_documentation.pdf⟩ (Feb. 3, 2010).
Water and Rivers Commission (WRC). (2000a). “Above-ground fuel and chemical storage.” Water quality protection guidelines No. 10, WRC, Perth, Western Australia.
Water and Rivers Commission (WRC). (2000b). “Water quality management in mining and mineral processing: An overview.” Water quality protection guidelines No. 1, WRC, Perth, Western Australia.
Water and Rivers Commission (WRC). (2003). “Policy and guidelines for recreation within public drinking water source areas on crown land.” Statewide policy No. 13, WRC, Perth, Western Australia.
Whipple, W., Jr. (1993). “Buffer zones around water-supply reservoirs.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 119(4), 495–499.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 15 • Issue 4 • April 2010
Pages: 297 - 307
Copyright
© 2010 ASCE.
History
Received: Apr 15, 2009
Accepted: Oct 1, 2009
Published online: Oct 2, 2009
Published in print: Apr 2010
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.