Technical Papers
Oct 27, 2021

Improved Prediction of Peak Resistance for Spudcan Penetration in Sand Layer Overlying Clay

Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 1

Abstract

A reliable assessment of peak resistance is the key aspect of geotechnical design for spudcan installation in sand-over-clay soil profiles. The most recent failure stress–dependent method has been validated against a large number of centrifuge tests and proved to provide satisfactory accuracy. However, additional centrifuge tests collected in this study indicated that, under certain circumstances, the recently proposed method provides significant overestimations. Further investigation was carried out through centrifuge model tests and large-deformation finite-element analyses covering a comprehensive range of soil parameters and geometries. The measured and computed results confirmed that there is a blind zone for the recently proposed method, where an immoderately higher peak resistance is predicted. The overestimation was found to be related to the overestimated distribution factor. The formula for the distribution factor was therefore modified based on the experimental and numerical results. The modified formula was shown to provide an improved prediction for peak resistance.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (through the Grant Nos. U1806230, 51809247, and 42025702) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (through Grant No. ZR2018BEE043). All this support is gratefully appreciated.

References

Andersen, K. H., and K. Schjetne. 2013. “Database of friction angles of sand and consolidation characteristics of sand, silt, and clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 139 (7): 1140–1155. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000839.
Bolton, M. D. 1986. “The strength and dilatancy of sands.” Géotechnique 36 (1): 65–78. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1986.36.1.65.
Cassidy, M. J. 2012. “Experimental observations of the penetration of spudcan footings in silt.” Géotechnique 62 (8): 727–732. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.9.T.020.
Chung, S. F., M. F. Randolph, and J. A. Schneider. 2006. “Effect of penetration rate on penetrometer resistance in clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 132 (9): 1188–1196. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2006)132:9(1188).
Craig, W. H., and K. Chua. 1990. “Deep penetration of spud-can foundations on sand and clay.” Géotechnique 40 (4): 541–556. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1990.40.4.541.
Dassault Systèmes. 2014. Abaqus 6.14 online documentation. Providence, RI: Simulia.
Drescher, A., and E. Detournay. 1993. “Limit load in translational failure mechanisms for associative and non-associative materials.” Géotechnique 43 (3): 443–456. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1993.43.3.443.
Einav, I., and M. F. Randolph. 2005. “Combining upper bound and strain path methods for evaluating penetration resistance.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. 63 (14): 1991–2016. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1350.
Hossain, M. S., Y. Hu, and D. Ekaputra. 2014. “Skirted foundation to mitigate spudcan punch-through on sand-over-clay.” Géotechnique 64 (4): 333–340. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.13.T.027.
Hossain, M. S., M. F. Randolph, M. J. Cassidy, O. A. Purwana, and C. K. Quah. 2012. “Development of an integrated jack-up installation system.” In Proc., the Offshore Technology Conf. Houston: Offshore Technology Conference.
House, A. R., J. R. M. S. Oliveira, and M. F. Randolph. 2001. “Evaluating the coefficient of consolidation using penetration tests.” Int. J. Phys. Modell. Geotech. 1 (3): 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1680/ijpmg.2001.010302.
Hu, P., and M. J. Cassidy. 2017. “Predicting jack-up spudcan installation in sand overlying stiff clay.” Ocean Eng. 146 (Dec): 246–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.09.046.
Hu, P., S. A. Stanier, M. J. Cassidy, and D. Wang. 2014. “Predicting peak resistance of spudcan penetrating sand overlying clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 140 (2): 04013009. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001016.
Hu, P., S. A. Stanier, D. Wang, and M. J. Cassidy. 2016. “Effect of footing shape on penetration in sand overlying clay.” Int. J. Phys. Modell. Geotech. 16 (3): 119–133. https://doi.org/10.1680/jphmg.15.00013.
Hu, P., D. Wang, S. A. Stanier, and M. J. Cassidy. 2015. “Assessing the punch-through hazard of a spudcan on sand overlying clay.” Géotechnique 65 (11): 883–896. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.14.P.097.
ISO. 2016. Petroleum and natural gas industries—Site specific assessment of mobile offshore units—Part 1: Jack-ups. ISO 19905-1. Geneva: ISO.
Jiang, J., D. Wang, and S. Zhang. 2020. “Improved prediction of spudcan penetration resistance by an observation-optimized model.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 146 (9): 0602001. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002343.
Lee, K. K., M. J. Cassidy, and M. F. Randolph. 2013a. “Bearing capacity on sand overlying clay soils: Experimental and finite-element investigation of potential punch-through failure.” Géotechnique 63 (15): 1271–1284. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.12.P.175.
Lee, K. K., M. F. Randolph, and M. J. Cassidy. 2013b. “Bearing capacity on sand overlying clay soils: A simplified conceptual model.” Géotechnique 63 (15): 1285–1297. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.12.P.176.
Li, J., P. Hu, M. Uzielli, and M. J. Cassidy. 2018. “Bayesian prediction of peak resistance of a spudcan penetrating sand-over-clay.” Géotechnique 68 (10): 905–917. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.17.P.154.
Low, H. E., M. F. Randolph, J. T. DeJong, and N. J. Yafrate. 2008. “Variable rate full-flow penetration tests in intact and remoulded soil.” In Proc., Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization: 3rd Int. Conf. on Site Characterization, edited by A.-B. Huang and P. W. Mayne, 1087–1092. Leiden, Netherlands: Taylor & Francis/A.A. Balkema.
Qiu, G., and J. Grabe. 2012. “Numerical investigation of bearing capacity due to spudcan penetration.” Can. Geotech. J. 49 (12): 1393–1407. https://doi.org/10.1139/t2012-085.
Qiu, G., and S. Henke. 2011. “Controlled installation of spudcan foundations on loose sand overlying weak clay.” Mar. Struct. 24 (4): 528–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2011.06.005.
Randolph, M. F. 2004. “Characterisation of soft sediments for offshore applications.” In Vol. 1 of Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Site Characterisation, edited by A. Viana Da Fonseca and P. W. Mayne, 209–231. Amsterdam, Netherlands: IOS Press.
Randolph, M. F., and S. Hope. 2004. “Effect of cone velocity on cone resistance and excess pore pressures.” In Proc., Int. Symp. on Engineering Practice and Performance of Soil Deposits, 147–152. Osaka, Japan: Yodogawa Kogisha.
Teh, K. L., M. J. Cassidy, C. F. Leung, Y. K. Chow, M. F. Randolph, and C. K. Quah. 2008. “Revealing the bearing failure mechanisms of a penetrating spudcan through sand overlying clay.” Géotechnique 58 (10): 793–804. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2008.58.10.793.
Teh, K. L., C. F. Leung, Y. K. Chow, and M. J. Cassidy. 2010. “Centrifuge model study of spudcan penetration in sand overlying clay.” Géotechnique 60 (11): 825–842. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.8.P.077.
Tho, K. K., C. F. Leung, Y. K. Chow, and A. C. Palmer. 2012. “Deep cavity flow mechanism of pipe penetration in clay.” Can. Geotech. J. 49 (1): 59–69. https://doi.org/10.1139/t11-088.
White, D. J., C. Gaudin, N. Boylan, and H. Zhou. 2010. “Interpretation of T-bar penetrometer tests at shallow embedment and in very soft soils.” Can. Geotech. J. 47 (2): 218–229. https://doi.org/10.1139/T09-096.
Zheng, J., M. S. Hossain, and D. Wang. 2017. “Numerical investigation of spudcan penetration in multi-layer deposits with an interbedded sand layer.” Géotechnique 67 (12): 1050–1066. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.16.P.110.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 148Issue 1January 2022

History

Received: Apr 29, 2020
Accepted: Aug 10, 2021
Published online: Oct 27, 2021
Published in print: Jan 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Mar 27, 2022

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Associate Professor, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean Univ. of China, 238 Songling Rd., Qingdao 266100, China; Visiting Research Fellow, Centre for Infrastructure Monitoring and Protection, School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin Univ., Kent St., Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; formerly, Adjunct Research Fellow, Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems, Univ. of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy., Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6960-0491. Email: [email protected]
Yangbin Chen [email protected]
Formerly, Master Student, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean Univ. of China, 238 Songling Rd., Qingdao 266100, China. Email: [email protected]
Master Student, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean Univ. of China, 238 Songling Rd., Qingdao 266100, China. Email: [email protected]
Professor, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean Univ. of China, 238 Songling Rd., Qingdao 266100, China (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8524-7541. Email: [email protected]
Shaodong Jing [email protected]
Principal Engineer, Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Corporation, 49 Jinan Rd., Dongying 257026, China. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

  • Numerical study of relationships between the cone resistances and footing bearing capacities in silica and calcareous sands, Computers and Geotechnics, 10.1016/j.compgeo.2022.105220, 155, (105220), (2023).
  • Numerical Investigation on the Spudcan Penetration into Sand Overlying Clay Considering the Strain Effects, Applied Sciences, 10.3390/app12157454, 12, 15, (7454), (2022).
  • Capacity of spudcan foundation on dense sand overlying clay under combined loading, Ocean Engineering, 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.112980, 266, (112980), (2022).

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share