Development of a Four-Phase Remedial Scheme to Clean Up Petroleum-Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 137, Issue 7
Abstract
In this study, a four-phase remedial scheme was developed for in situ cleanup of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soils. The developed remedial scheme contained the following four phases: surfactant flushing, groundwater flushing, chemical oxidation using as the oxidant, and enhanced bioremediation. Laboratory bench-scale experiments were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of this developed remedial scheme on the treatment of diesel oil contaminated soils. In the surfactant and groundwater flushing batch experiment (the first and second phases), biodegradable surfactant, Simple Green (SG) (5% by weight) was applied to flush diesel oil contaminated soils with initial total petroleum-hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of approximately . Results show that more than 90% of TPH could be removed after flushing with 40 pore volumes (PVs) of SG, followed by 25 PVs of groundwater. In the oxidation experiment (third phase) with initial soil TPH concentration at approximately , up to 65% of TPH removal efficiency can be obtained when 1% by weight of was applied for oxidation. Results also reveal that the slight increase in TPH removal was observed in experiments with SG addition (0.1% by volume) owing to increased dissolution and desorption of TPH from soils. In the enhanced bioremediation (fourth phase) batch experiments, a petroleum-hydrocarbon degrading bacterium was isolated from the soil materials after the oxidation experiments and identified as Pseudomonas sp. via biochemical tests and further confirmation of DNA sequencing. Results from biodegradation experiments indicate that the isolated bacterium, which survived after oxidation process, was capable of degrading TPH caused by diesel oils, and caused the TPH to drop from to within 15 days of incubation. The effectiveness of the four-phase remedial scheme was further confirmed by a semicontinuous batch experiment. Results from this study indicate that the four-phase scheme is a promising technology for the treatment of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soils.
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Acknowledgments
This project was funded in part by UNSPECIFIEDTaiwan National Science Council. Additional thanks to personnel Guan Cheng Environment Technology Protection Co., Ltd., Taiwan for the assistance and support throughout this project. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the writers and should not be construed as opinions of the organizations they are affiliated.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 137 • Issue 7 • July 2011
Pages: 602 - 610
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 24, 2010
Accepted: Jan 21, 2011
Published online: Jan 24, 2011
Published in print: Jul 1, 2011
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