Upgrading the Seismic Performance of Reinforced Masonry Columns Using CFRP Wraps
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 16, Issue 2
Abstract
Compared with reinforced concrete, relatively fewer experimental studies address the behavior of masonry columns under combined axial load and cyclic flexure. There exist reinforced concrete masonry (RCM) columns that are part of the moment resisting system of masonry structures that are in need of seismic upgrade. Wrapping such susceptible RCM columns with carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) is expected to enhance the seismic behavior of reinforced masonry columns considerably. This paper focuses on assessing the seismic performance of RCM columns wrapped with CFRP. In this experimental study, six 1.4-m reinforced masonry columns were constructed and tested when subjected to constant axial force and cyclic lateral excitations. The columns had a cross-section of and were constructed using bull-nosed concrete units. The first column had no CFRP wraps and was used as a control specimen whereas the other five columns were wrapped using different layers of CFRP sheets or different wrapping schemes. From the tests, it was observed that wrapping the masonry columns with CFRP wraps enhanced the seismic performance of the columns by offering more ductile behavior, increasing both strength and energy dissipation capacity.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), le Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Fyfe Company LLC, and Tomassini et frères Ltée who assisted throughout this research project. The support of the Canada Masonry Design Centre (CMDC) and l’Association des Entrepreneurs en Maçonnerie du Québec (AEMQ) is highly appreciated.
References
Aiello, M. A., Micelli, F., and Valente, L. (2007). “Structural upgrading of masonry columns by using composite reinforcement.” J. Compos. Constr., 11(6), 650–658.JCCOF2
Aiello, M. A., Micelli, F., and Valente, L. (2009). “Structural FRP confinement of square masonry columns.” J. Compos. Constr., 13(2), 148–156.JCCOF2
ASTM. (2002a). “Standard specification for grout for masonry.” 04.01, West Conshohocken, PA, 464–480.
ASTM. (2002b). “Standard specification for mortar for unit masonry.” 04.05, West Conshohocken, PA, 146–157.
ASTM. (2002c). “Standard test method for compressive strength of masonry prisms.” 04.05, West Conshohocken, PA, 860–867.
ASTM. (2002d). “Standard test method for flexural bond strength of masonry.” 04.05, West Conshohocken, PA, 1183–1187.
ASTM. (2002e). “Standard test method for preconstruction and construction evaluation of mortars for plain and reinforced unit masonry.” 04.01, West Conshohocken, PA, 290–292.
Binici, B. (2008). “Design of FRPs in circular bridge column retrofits for ductility enhancement.” Eng. Struct., 30(3), 766–776.ENSTDF
Canadian Standards Association (CSA). (2004a). “Design of masonry structures.” S304.1-04, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
Canadian Standard Association (CSA). (2004b). “Mortar and grout for unit masonry.” A179-04, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
Dhanasekar, M., and Shrive, N. G. (2002). “Strength and deformation of confined and unconfined grouted concrete masonry.” ACI Struct. J., 99(6), 819–826.ASTJEG
Fyfe Company LLC. (2009). “Tyfo® SCH-11UP Composite using Tyfo® S Epoxy User's Guide.” 〈http://www.fyfeco.com〉 (January 2009).
Galal, K., Arafa, A., and Ghobarah, A. (2005). “Retrofit of RC square short columns.” Eng. Struct., 27(5), 801–813.ENSTDF
Iacobucci, R. D. (2001). “Seismic upgrade and repair of square reinforced concrete columns with cfrp jackets.” MS thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto.
ISIS Canada (Intelligent Sensing for Innovative Structures). (2008). “FRP rehabilitation of reinforced concrete structures.” ISIS Canada Educational Module, Design Manual No. 4, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Krevaikas, T. D., and Traintafillou, T. C. (2005). “Masonry confinement with fiber-reinforced polymers.” J. Compos. Constr., 9(2), 128–135.JCCOF2
Ludovico, M., D’Ambra, C., Prota, A., and Manfredi, G. (2010). “FRP confinement of tuff and clay brick columns: experimental study and assessment of analytical models.” J. Compos. Constr., 14(5), 583–597.JCCOF2
Masia, M. J., Shrive, N. G. (2003). “Carbon fibre reinforced polymer wrapping for the rehabilitation of masonry columns.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 30(4), 734–744.CJCEB8
Micelli, F., De Lorenzis, L., and La Tegola, A. (2004). “FRP-confined masonry columns under axial loads: Experimental results and analytical model.” Masonry Int.MASIEE, 17(3), 95–108.
Ozbakkaloglu, T., and Saatcioglu, M. (2006). “Seismic behavior of square high-strength concrete columns confined with steel and fiber-reinforced polymer tubes.” J. Compos. Constr., 10(6), 538–550.JCCOF2
Park, R. (1989). “Evaluation of ductility of structures and structural assemblages from laboratory testing.” Bull. N. Z. Natl. Soc. Earthquake Eng., 22(3).BNZED6
Parvin, A., Altay, S., Yalcin, C., and Kaya, O. (2010). “CFRP rehabilitation of concrete frame joints with inadequate shear and anchorage details.” J. Compos. Constr., 14(1), 72–82.JCCOF2
Paultre, P., and Legeron, F. (2008). “Confinement reinforcement design for reinforced concrete columns.” J. Struct. Eng., 134(5), 738–750.JSENDH
Priestly, M. J. N., and Elder, D. (1983). “Stress-strain curves for unconfined and confined concrete masonry.” J. Am. Concr. Inst., 80(3), 192–201.JACIAX
Rocca, S. (2007). “Experimental and analytical evaluation of frp-confined large size reinforced concrete columns.” Ph.D. thesis, University of Missouri, Rolla, MO.
Seible, F., Priestley, M. J. N., Hegemier, G. A., and Innamorato, D. (1997). “Seismic retrofit of RC columns with continuous carbon fiber jackets.” J. Compos. Constr.JCCOF2, 1(2), 52–62.
Sheikh, S. A., and Yua, G. (2002). “Seismic behavior of concrete columns confined with steel and fiber-reinforced polymers.” ACI Struct. J., 99(1), 72–81.ASTJEG
Shrive, P. L., Azarnejad, A., Tadros, G., McWhinnie, C., and Shrive, N. G. (2003). “Strengthening of concrete columns with carbon fibre reinforced polymer wrap.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 30(3), 543–554.CJCEB8
Youd, T. L., Bardet, J., and Bray, J. D. (2000). “1999 Kocaeli, Turkey, earthquake reconnaissance report.” Earthquake SpectraEASPEF, 16(S1), 152–170.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 16 • Issue 2 • April 2012
Pages: 196 - 206
Copyright
© 2012. American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 31, 2011
Accepted: Aug 15, 2011
Published online: Aug 20, 2011
Published in print: Apr 1, 2012
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.