Hydrodynamics of Mesotidal Estuary in Winter
This article is a reply.
VIEW THE ORIGINAL ARTICLEThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Cold Regions Engineering
Volume 20, Issue 3
Abstract
In this article, we quantify the effects of a standing ice cover on the hydrodynamics of a mesotidal estuary. The Portneuf Estuary, Québec, is in length and has a -deep thalweg. According to our numerical model simulations (using an adapted version of Environment Canada’s ONE-D model) and field measurements, the midwinter -thick ice cover produced an attenuation of the neap tidal range and spring tidal range of 17 and 37%, respectively, near the upstream end of the estuary. The arrival of low water was also delayed by about at this location. At the mouth, the cover attenuated peak ebb tide flow and flood tide flow ( by approximately 18 and 13%, respectively. Here the peak flood flow was normally delayed by , while the ebb tide was usually advanced by . In general, the ice cover attenuated peak velocities by 12 to 20%, although at certain times and locations the ice cover could induce higher velocities than would be present under open water conditions. The ice cover also retarded and diminished the salt wedge intrusion and is expected to dramatically reduce the sediment transport processes, although its presence could cause some sporadic local increases in erosion.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers wish to acknowledge Benoît Maisonneuve (Hydro-Québec) and Céline Bourrel (U. Laval) for help in the field; Suying Xing and Masoud Hessami (Laval) for help with the modeling; and François Anctil (Laval) for the tidal components analysis. Funding for the study was provided by Hydro-Québec and the Québec Government (FQRNT program). An earlier version of this document was edited by Textcheck.com.
References
Arkhipov, B. V., Solbakov, V. V., and Tsvetsinsky, A. S. (1997). “Hydrothermodynamic model of the Ob and Tas rivers estuary.” Proc., Int. Offshore and Polar Engineering Conf., Vol. 3, 772–777.
Ashton, G. D. (1986). River and ice engineering, Water Resources Publications, Littleton, Colo.
Beltaos, S. (1995). “Ice jam processes.” River Ice Jams, S. Beltaos, ed., Water Resources Publications, Littleton, Colo., 71–104.
Desplanque, C., and Bray, D. I. (1986). “Winter ice regime in the tidal estuaries of the northeastern portion of the Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 13(2), 130–139.
Dolgopolova, E. N. (2002). “Turbulent structure of ice-covered flow and its influence on river habitat.” 16th Int. Symp. on Ice—Ice in the Environment,University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, Vol. 1, 262–267.
Doronin, Y. P. (1992). “Modeling of the vertical structures of the mouth area of a river with marine halocline.” Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya, 8 76–83 (in Russian).
Environment Canada. (1988), Environment Canada one-dimensional hydrodynamic model—Computer manual. Water Modeling Section, Environment Canada, Hull, Que.
Ettema, R., Braileanu, F., and Muste, M. (2000). “Method for estimating sediment transport in ice-covered channels.” J. Cold Reg. Eng., 14(3), 130–144.
Gunaratnam, D. J., Perkins, F. E. (1970), “Numerical solution of unsteady flows in open channels.” Mass. Inst. Technol., Dep. Civ. Eng., Hydrodyn. Lab., Cambridge, Mass., Report No. 127.
Healy, D., and Hicks, F. E. (2004). “Index velocity methods for winter discharge measurement.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 31, 407–419.
Ivanov, V. V., and Nalimov, Y. V. (1990). “Ice thermal processea (sic) in the mouth areas of the Siberian rivers.” Proc., 10th Int. Symp. on Ice, IAHR, Delft, The Netherlands, 219–229.
Ivanov, V. V., Doronin, Y. P., and Tsarev, V. A. (1990). “Ice cover simulation for Arctic estuary.” Proc., 10th Int. Symp. on Ice, IAHR, Delft, The Netherlands, 210–218.
Koziy, L., Maderich, V., Margvelashvili, N., and Zheleznak, M. (1998). “Three-dimensional model of radionuclide dispersion in estuaries and shelf seas.” Environ. Modell. Software, 13(5–6), 413–420.
Morse, B., and Hicks, F. (2005). “Advances in river ice hydrology 1999–2003.” Hydrological Processes, Canadian Geophysical Union-Hydrology Section, 19 (1), 247–263.
Morse, B., and Townsend, R. D. (1991). “Mathematical modelling of riverbed dynamics—A Canadian case study.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 18 (5), 772–780.
Morse, B., Hamai, K., and Choquette, Y. (2005) “River discharge measurement using the velocity index method.” 13th Workshop on the Hydraulics of Ice Covered Rivers. (CD-ROM), Committee on River Ice Processes and the Environment, Hanover, N.H., ⟨http://www.riverice.ualberta.ca/about_CRIPE.htm#pub⟩.
Morse, B., Messier, D., Stander, E., and Quach-Thanh, T. (2002). “Winter processes in an estuarine environment.” 16th Int. IAHR Ice Symp., Dunedin, New Zealand, Vol. 1, 108–115.
Morse, B., Burrell, B., St. Hilaire, A., Bergeron, N., Messier, D., and Quach-Thanh, T. (1999). “River ice processes in tidal rivers: Research needs.” Proc., 10th Workshop on River Ice. (CD-ROM), 388–399, ⟨http://www.riverice.ualberta.ca/about_CRIPE.htm#pub⟩.
Morse, B., Ringô, B., Stander, E., Robert, J. L., Messier, D., and Quach-Thanh, T. (2006). “Growth and decay of estuary ice cover.” J. Cold Reg. Eng., 20(3), 70–94.
Partridge, V. A. (2001). “Influence of ice cover on sediment temperature and implications for intertidal benthic invertebrates on a Bay of Fundy mudflat.” Proc., 11th Workshop on River Ice. (CD-ROM), Ottawa, ⟨http://www.riverice.ualberta.ca/about_CRIPE.htm#pub⟩.
Savard, J.-P. (1998). “Avis scientifique sur la dynamique sédimentaire dans l’estuaire de la rivière Portneuf.” Hydro Québec, Unité Hydraulique et Environnement, Montréal.
Smith, B. T., and Ettema, R. (1997). “Flow resistance in ice-covered alluvial channels.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 123(7), 592–599.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: Apr 27, 2005
Accepted: Aug 5, 2005
Published online: Sep 1, 2006
Published in print: Sep 2006
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.