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Apr 24, 2024

Reynolds Stress Model Study Comparing the Secondary Currents and Turbulent Flow Characteristics in High-Speed Narrow Open Channel and Duct Flows

Authors: Subhojit Kadia, S.M.ASCE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9134-3222 [email protected], Ismail Albayrak, Ph.D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4613-6726 [email protected], Leif Lia, Ph.D. [email protected], Nils Rüther, Ph.D. [email protected], and Elena Pummer, Ph.D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-4715 [email protected]Author Affiliations
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 150, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1061/JHEND8.HYENG-13837
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Abstract

This study numerically investigates and compares the secondary currents, velocity dips, turbulence properties, and boundary shear stresses in supercritical narrow open channel flows (OCFs) and in narrow duct flows (DFs) using an updated Launder–Reece–Rodi Reynolds stress model in OpenFOAM, which was validated previously for supercritical flows using experimental data. Six steady state simulations were performed at a bulk velocity of 2.31  m/s covering Reynolds numbers from 3.08×105 to 6.16×105 and aspect ratios (width to flow depth) of 1.0. 1.25, and 2.0, which in combination with the observed Froude numbers from 1.65 to 2.33 for OCFs are comparable to sediment bypass tunnel flows. Although free surface produces greater maximum secondary flows, the top wall in DFs creates stronger bulging of the longitudinal velocity above the velocity dips, which generates marginally higher maximum longitudinal velocity and significantly higher velocity fluctuations compared to OCFs. Two pairs of corner vortices are observed in each half width for DFs. However, such vortices differ in OCFs, in which the reduction of aspect ratio develops intermediate vortices. Such differences in the secondary currents are interrelated to the observed variations in the distributions of longitudinal velocity and Reynolds stresses. Higher average bed and sidewall shear stresses are obtained for DFs than for OCFs. The bottom vortices undulate the bed shear stress distributions. Similarly, the sidewall corner vortices (for DFs) or intermediate vortices and inner secondary vortices (for OCFs) undulate the wall shear stress distributions. These undulations are further influenced by the aspect ratio. Moreover, the flow characteristics below the mid depth observed for OCFs are comparable to those obtained for DFs, especially for the square cross sections with aspect ratio of 1.0.

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Data Availability Statement

The obtained results are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. The supporting modified OpenFOAM code files are available openly in Kadia et al. (2022a, b).

Acknowledgments

This study is funded by NTNU (project number 81772024) and supported by HydroCen (project number 90148311).

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 150 • Issue 4 • July 2024

Copyright

This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Received: Jul 3, 2023
Accepted: Jan 23, 2024
Published online: Apr 24, 2024
Published in print: Jul 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Sep 24, 2024

ASCE Technical Topics:

  1. Channel flow
  2. Engineering fundamentals
  3. Flow (fluid dynamics)
  4. Fluid dynamics
  5. Fluid mechanics
  6. Fluid velocity
  7. Hydrologic engineering
  8. Models (by type)
  9. Numerical models
  10. Open channel flow
  11. Reynolds stress
  12. Shear stress
  13. Stress (by type)
  14. Stress distribution
  15. Structural analysis
  16. Structural engineering
  17. Vortices
  18. Water and water resources

Authors

Affiliations

Subhojit Kadia, S.M.ASCE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9134-3222 [email protected]
Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian Univ. of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9134-3222. Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
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Ismail Albayrak, Ph.D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4613-6726 [email protected]
Senior Scientist and Lecturer, Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology, and Glaciology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH Zürich), Zurich 8093, Switzerland. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4613-6726. Email: [email protected]
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Leif Lia, Ph.D. [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian Univ. of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway. Email: [email protected]
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Nils Rüther, Ph.D. [email protected]
Professor and Chair of Hydraulic Engineering, Technical Univ. of Munich, Arcisstr. 21, Munich 80333, Germany. Email: [email protected]
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Elena Pummer, Ph.D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-4715 [email protected]
Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian Univ. of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-4715. Email: [email protected]
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