Research Article
Oct 1971
Natural Virus Inactivation Processes in Seawater
Authors: Hillel I. Shuval, M.ASCE, Andrew Thompson, Badri Fattal, Samuel Cymbalista, and Yael WienerAuthor Affiliations
Publication: Journal of the Sanitary Engineering Division
Volume 97, Issue 5
Abstract
Data are presented which indicate that seawater possesses antiviral properties of a biological nature associated with specific marine bacteria. Twelve samples of natural seawater from points along the Mediterranean and Red Sea coasts of Israel show the ability to reduce the concentration of poliovirus inoculums about 99.99% in 7 days at 20°C. A number of pure culture isolates of marine bacteria were shown to possess this same activity. Seawater samples treated to remove viable marine bacteria lose their antiviral properties. Field and laboratory studies show that poliovirus has a T90 of 1 to 2 days and are considerably more resistant to the natural inactivation properties of seawater than coliforms. The results of this study may cast some doubts on the usefulness of coliform standards and dieaway rates in designing ocean outfalls.
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Published In
Journal of the Sanitary Engineering Division
Volume 97 • Issue 5 • October 1971
Pages: 587 - 600
Copyright
© 1971 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published in print: Oct 1971
Published online: Feb 12, 2021
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Authors
Affiliations
Hillel I. Shuval, M.ASCE
Assoc. Prof. and Head, Environmental Health Lab., Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School of Jerusalem, Israel
Andrew Thompson
Microbiologist, Environmental Health Lab., Hebrew University-Hadas sah Medical School of Jerusalem, Israel
Badri Fattal
Virologist, Dept. of Virology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School of Jerusalem, Israel
Samuel Cymbalista
Virologist, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School of Jerusalem, Israel
Yael Wiener
Microbiologist, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School of Jerusalem, Israel
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