Shear Behavior of Low-Aspect-Ratio Precast Bridge Columns with Grouted Sleeve Connection Considering the Effect of Axial Load Ratios
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 28, Issue 4
Abstract
To promote accelerated bridge construction (ABC), precast bridge columns are now being more widely used in engineering applications. Researchers have often studied the seismic performance of precast bridge columns, but the study of shear performance is quite limited. The main purpose of this study is to investigate shear behavior of low-aspect-ratio precast columns with grouted sleeve connections considering the effect of axial load ratios. Cyclic quasistatic tests of four 1/4-scaled reinforced concrete precast column specimens were conducted to investigate their seismic performance. The experimental results showed that large axial load reduced ductility factor of columns, but increased lateral force capacity. A predicting method for lateral force capacity of precast bridge columns based on a strut-and-tie model in the sleeve region was developed. The method can realistically predict the lateral force capacity and take into the influence of axial load on lateral force capacity of precast columns with grouted sleeve connection.
Practical Applications
Grouted sleeve connections have been one of the most effective connections for precast columns in prefabricated bridge construction. For urban expressway bridge engineering, there are many columns with low aspect ratio. Lack of corresponding performance evaluation methods of the short columns with grouted sleeve connection restricts its application in medium- and high-intensity earthquake zones. This study revealed damage mechanisms of precast column under cyclic load, such as shear crack, shear slip of joint, and failure modes of joint connection. In addition, a strut-and-tie model was proposed to accurately predict lateral bearing force for precast columns with grouted sleeves under various axial load ratios. The achievement of this study can provide theoretical support for seismic design of short columns (aspect ratio less than 2.5), and the related research results have been applied to the engineering construction of urban bridges in medium- to high-intensity areas such as Jingxiong Expressway, Zunqin Expressway, and Shanghai S26 Expressway.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This research is jointly funded by the National Key of Research and Development of China (2018YFC1504306), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grants Nos. 51978357, 51838010), and Beijing Municipal Education Commission (Nos. IDHT20190504, KZ202010005001). This support is gratefully acknowledged.
References
AASHTO. 1999. AASHTO GSCB guide specifications for design and construction of segmental concrete bridges. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: AASHTO.
AASHTO. 2017. AASHTO LRFD bridge design guide specifications for LRFD seismic bridge design. 8th ed. Washington, DC: AASHTO.
ACI (American Concrete Institute). 2014. Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary. ACI 318-14. Detroit, MI: ACI.
AISC. 1999. AISC-LRFD Load and resistance factor design specification for structural steel buildings. 2nd ed. Chicago: AISC.
Al-Jelawy, H. M., K. R. Mackie, and Z. B. Haber. 2018. “Shifted plastic hinging for grouted sleeve column connections.” ACI Struct. J. 115 (4): 1101–1114. https://doi.org/10.14359/51702233.
Ameli, M. J., and C. P. Pantelides. 2017. “Seismic analysis of precast concrete bridge columns connected with grouted splice sleeve connectors.” J. Struct. Eng. 143 (2): 04016176. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001678.
Buckle, I. G., ed. 1994. The Northridge, California earthquake of January 17, 1994: Performance of highway bridges. Buffalo, NY: National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research.
CALTRANS. 2010. Seismic design criteria, version 1.6. Sacramento, CA: California DOT.
CSA (Canadian Standard Association). 2004. Design of concrete structures. CAN/CSA A23.3-04. Rexdale, ON, Canada: CSA.
Culmo, M. 2009. Connection details for prefabricated bridge elements and systems. Rep. No. FHWA-IF-09-010. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration, Office of Bridge Technology.
Esmaeily, A., and Y. Xiao. 2004. “Behavior of reinforced concrete columns under variable axial loads.” ACI Struct. J. 101 (1): 124–132. https://doi.org/10.14359/13005.
Ghee, A. B., M. N. Priestley, and T. Paulay. 1989. “Seismic shear strength of circular reinforced concrete columns.” ACI Struct. J. 86 (1): 45–59. https://doi.org/10.14359/2634.
Haber, Z. B. 2013. Precast column-footing connections for accelerated bridge construction in seismic zones. Reno, NV: Univ. of Nevada.
Haber, Z. B., K. R. Mackie, and H. M. Al-Jelawy. 2017. “Testing and analysis of precast columns with grouted sleeve connections and shifted plastic hinging.” J. Bridge Eng. 22 (10): 04017078. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001105.
Han, Q., X. Du, J. Liu, Z. Li, L. Li, and J. Zhao. 2009. “Seismic damage of highway bridges during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.” Earthquake Eng. Eng. Vibr. 8 (2): 263–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-009-8162-0.
Han, Q., Z. Jia, K. Xu, Y. Zhou, and X. Du. 2019. “Hysteretic behavior investigation of self-centering double-column rocking piers for seismic resilience.” Eng. Struct. 188: 218–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.03.024.
Han, Q., X. Li, K. Xu, Y. Lu, X. Du, and Z. Wang. 2021. “Shear strength and cracking mechanism of precast bridge columns with grouted sleeve connections.” Eng. Struct. 230: 111616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111616.
Hashimoto, S., Y. Fujino, and M. Abe. 2005. “Damage analysis of Hanshin Expressway viaducts during 1995 Kobe earthquake. II: Damage mode of single reinforced concrete piers.” J. Bridge Eng. 10 (1): 54–60. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2005)10:1(54).
Li, G., H. Hu, and S. Zhao. 2018a. “Axial–shear–flexure interaction behavior of joints in precast concrete segmental bridge columns.” J. Bridge Eng. 23 (10): 04018071. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001276.
Li, T., H. Qu, Z. Wang, H. Wei, and S. Jiang. 2018b. “Seismic performance of precast concrete bridge columns with quasi-static cyclic shear test for high seismic zones.” Eng. Struct. 166: 441–453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.03.086.
Mander, J. B., M. J. N. Priestley, and R. Park. 1984. Seismic design of bridge piers. Research Rep. No. 84-2. Christchurch, New Zealand: Univ. of Canterbury.
Neville, A. M. 1995. Vol. 4 of Properties of concrete. London: Longman.
Priestley, M. J., R. Verma, and Y. Xiao. 1994. “Seismic shear strength of reinforced concrete columns.” J. Struct. Eng. 120 (8): 2310–2329. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:8(2310).
Saatcioglu, M., and G. Ozcebe. 1989. “Response of reinforced concrete columns to simulated seismic loading.” ACI Struct. J. 86 (1): 3–12. https://doi.org/10.14359/2607.
Schlaich, J., K. Schaefer, and M. Jennewein. 1987. “Toward a consistent design of structural concrete.” PCI J. 32 (3): 74–150. https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij.05011987.74.150.
Schlaich, J., and K. Schafer. 1991. “Design and detailing of structural concrete using strut-and-tie models.” Struct. Eng. 69 (6): 113–125.
Sritharan, S. 2005. “Strut-and-tie analysis of bridge tee joints subjected to seismic actions.” J. Struct. Eng. 131 (9): 1321–1333. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:9(1321).
SURCMC (Shanghai Urban and Rural Construction and Management Committee). 2015. The technical specifications for prefabricated bridge columns. DG TJ08-2160-2015. Shanghai, China: SURCMC.
Tazarv, M. 2014. Next generation of bridge columns for accelerated bridge construction in high seismic zones. Reno, NV: Univ. of Nevada.
Tazarv, M., and M. S. Saiidi. 2015. “UHPC-filled duct connections for accelerated bridge construction of RC columns in high seismic zones.” Eng. Struct. 99: 413–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.05.018.
Tazarv, M., and M. S. Saiidi. 2016. “Seismic design of bridge columns incorporating mechanical bar splices in plastic hinge regions.” Eng. Struct. 124: 507–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.06.041.
To, N. H. T., J. M. Ingham, and S. Sritharan. 2003. “Strut-and-tie computer modelling of reinforced concrete bridge joint systems.” J. Earthquake Eng. 7(3): 463–493. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460309350459.
Wang, Z., H. Qu, T. Li, H. Wei, H. Wang, H. Duan, and H. Jiang. 2018. “Quasi-static cyclic tests of precast bridge columns with different connection details for high seismic zones.” Eng. Struct. 158: 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.12.035.
Wei, H., W. Xiao, Z. Wang, and T. Li. 2016. “Experimental study on seismic performance of precast bridge pier with grouted splice sleeve.” J. Tongji Univ. (Nat. Sci.) 7: 5.
Xu, Z. L. 2013. A concise course in elasticity. Beijing: High Education Press.
Yoshino, T., K. Kobayashi, and M. Ase. 1996. “Intensive shear reinforcing method for PCA members with splice sleeve joint.” In Proc., 11th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. Oxford: Pergamon.
Zhang, G., Q. Han, K. Xu, X. Du, and W. He. 2021. “Quasi-static tests of CFST embedded RC column-to-precast cap beam with socket connection.” Eng. Struct. 241: 112443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112443.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 28 • Issue 4 • April 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 16, 2020
Accepted: Oct 19, 2022
Published online: Jan 25, 2023
Published in print: Apr 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Jun 25, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Axial loads
- Bridge columns
- Bridge components
- Bridge engineering
- Construction engineering
- Construction industry
- Construction management
- Construction methods
- Continuum mechanics
- Dynamic loads
- Dynamics (solid mechanics)
- Engineering mechanics
- Forces (type)
- Foundation design
- Foundations
- Geotechnical engineering
- Grouting
- Infrastructure construction
- Lateral forces
- Lateral loads
- Load bearing capacity
- Solid mechanics
- Static loads
- Statics (mechanics)
- Structural dynamics
- Structural engineering
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Guangda Zhang, Qiang Han, Kun Xu, Yanchen Song, Jianglong Li, Weili He, Numerical analysis and design method of UHPC grouted RC column- footing socket joints, Engineering Structures, 10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.115755, 281, (115755), (2023).