Quantification and Analysis of Land-Use Effects on Travel Behavior in Smaller Indian Cities: Case Study of Agartala
Publication: Journal of Urban Planning and Development
Volume 142, Issue 4
Abstract
The land-use mix observed in the smaller Indian cities is peculiar, and in this context there were no past studies on how the land-use mix influences the travel pattern. The existing indices used for quantifying the land-use mix were found to have limitations in capturing the characteristics of land-use mix observed in the smaller Indian cities. The present study analyzed the drawbacks and limitations of the existing indices and modified the dissimilarity and entropy indices, as well as formulated new indices suitable to quantify the mixed land use. The objectives behind the mix quantification were to capture the land-use balance, land-use mix, and land-use complementarity. The modified dissimilarity and entropy indices were found to be significant in explaining the variation in the trip lengths as well as preference toward nonmotorized transport (NMT). Proposed new parameters such as the area index and mix-type index were found to be significant in explaining the variability observed in the trip length and the nonmotorized mode choice. From the elasticity analysis it has been observed that a slight change in the land-use mix significantly affects the travel patterns. Further, from the estimated multinomial logit (MNL) models it has been observed that the mixed land-use parameter was found to be significant in explaining the choice of public transport and nonmotorized modes.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
Authors acknowledge the financial support provided for travel data collection as a part of a sponsored project, numbered 8023/BOR/RID/RPS-250 by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), statutory body and a national-level council for technical education, under Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India.
References
ArcGIS version 10.1 [Computer software]. ESRI, Redlands, CA.
Bierlaire, M. (2003). “BIOGEME: A free package for estimation of discrete choice models.” Proc., 3rd Swiss Transportation Research Conf., Ascona, Switzerland.
Bierlaire, M. (2008). “Estimation of discrete choice models with BIOGEME 1.8.” 〈biogeme.epfl.ch〉 (Jun. 11, 2013).
Cervero, R. (1989). America’s suburban centres: The land use transportation link, Unwin Hyman, London.
Cervero, R. (1991). “Land uses and travel at suburban activity centers.” 〈http://escholarship.org/uc/item/0d08h1bz〉 (Sep. 10, 2013).
Cervero, R. (1996). “Mixed land-uses and commuting: Evidence from the American housing survey.” Transp. Res. Part A: Policy Pract., 30(5), 361–377.
Cervero, R., and Duncan, M. (2003). “Walking, bicycling and urban landscapes: Evidence from the San Francisco Bay area.” Am. J. Public Health, 93(9), 1478–1483.
Cervero, R., and Kockelman, K. (1997). “Travel demand and the 3Ds: Density, diversity, and design.” Transp. Res. Part D: Transp. Environ., 2(3), 199–219.
Cervero, R., and Radisch, C. (1996). “Travel choices in pedestrian versus automobile oriented neighborhoods.” Transp. Policy, 3(3), 127–141.
Chapman, J., and Frank, L. (2004). “Integrating travel behavior and urban form data to address transportation and air quality problems in Atlanta, Georgia.”, U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Washington, DC.
Ewing, R., et al. (2010). “Traffic generated by mixed-use developments—Six-region study using consistent built environmental measures.” J. Urban Plann. Dev., 248–261.
Ewing, R., and Cervero, R. (2010). “Travel and the built environment: A meta-analysis.” J. Am. Plan. Assoc., 76(3), 265–294.
Frank, L., and Pivo, G. (1994). “The impacts of mixed use and density on the utilization of three modes of travel: The single occupant vehicle, transit, and walking.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1466, 44–52.
Frank, L. D., Kavage, S., Greenwald, M., Chapman, J., and Bradley, M. (2009). “I-PLACE3S health & climate enhancements and their application in King County.” 〈http://your.kingcounty.gov/kcdot/planning/ortp/HealthScape/I-PLACE3S-FINALREPORT%2006-01-09.pdf〉 (May 29, 2014).
Hess, P. M., Moudon, A. V., and Logsdon, M. G. (2001). “Measuring land use patterns for transportation research.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1780, 17–24.
Kapur, J. N., Sahoo, P. K., and Wong, A. K. C. (1985). “A new method for gray level picture thresholding using the entropy of the histogram.” Comput. Graphics Vision Image Process., 29(3), 140–285.
Kockelman, K. M. (1997). “Travel behavior as function of accessibility, land use mixing, and land use balance: Evidence from San Francisco Bay Area.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1607(1), 116–125.
Lee, J. S., Lee, S. K., and Jun, J. (2014). “Connections between land use and driving distance: Causal investigation using directed acyclic graphs.” J. Urban Plann. Dev., 06014001.
MoUD (Ministry of Urban Development). (2008). “Study on traffic and transportation policies and strategies in urban areas in India.” 〈https://casi.sas.upenn.edu/sites/casi.sas.upenn.edu/files/iit/GOI%202008%20Traffic%20Study.pdf〉 (Jul. 25, 2010).
Pal, N. R., and Pal, S. K. (1993). “A review on image segmentation techniques.” Pattern Recog., 26(9), 1277–1294.
Pun, T. (1981). “Entropic thresholding: A new approach.” Signal Process., 2, 210–239.
Pushkar, A. O., Hollingworth, B. J., and Miller, E. J. (2000). “A multivariate regression model for estimating greenhouse gas emissions from alternative neighborhood designs.” Proc., Transportation Research Board, 79th Annual Meeting, Washington, DC.
Rajamani, J., Bhat, C. R., and Handy, S. L. (2003). “Assessing impact of urban form measures on non-work trip mode choice after controlling for demographic and level-of-service effects.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1831, 158–165.
Shannon, C. E. (1948). “A mathematical theory of communication.” Bell Syst. Tech. J., 27(3), 379–423.
Sun, X., Chester, G. W., and Kasturi, T. (1998). “Household travel, household characteristics, and land use: An empirical study from the 1994 Portland activity-based travel survey.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1617, 10–17.
Toutain, O., and Gopiprasad, S. (2006). “Planning for urban infrastructure.”, Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K., 59–81.
Vance, C., and Hedal, R. (2007). “The impact of urban form on automobile travel: Disentangling causation from correlation.” Transportation, 34(5), 575–588.
Wang, X., Grengs, J., and Kostyniuk, L. (2013). “Using a GPS data set to examine the effects of the built environment along commuting routes on travel outcomes.” J. Urban Plann. Dev., 04014009.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Urban Planning and Development
Volume 142 • Issue 4 • December 2016
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 19, 2014
Accepted: Nov 3, 2015
Published online: Mar 21, 2016
Discussion open until: Aug 21, 2016
Published in print: Dec 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.