Experimental Studies on Progressive Collapse Resistance of Steel Moment Frames under Localized Furnace Loading
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 144, Issue 2
Abstract
This paper presents experimental studies on the performance of planar moment steel frames with one column heated. The novelty of these tests is that the influences of key stages in the response of the heated column under gravity loading, including postbuckling and cooling phase after fire, on the progressive collapse resistance of steel frames were studied. Gas temperatures of the furnace, structural member temperatures, displacements, and strains in certain locations of the test frames were monitored during the tests. The test results show that steel columns with strong constraints from steel beams in a frame may fail in a quasi-static manner under fire, whereas those with weak constraints or large load ratios may fail with dynamic effects. In addition, the final equilibrium vertical displacement at the top of the column after sudden buckling can be even larger than the final displacement associated with gradual column removal. Moreover, in the cooling phase after fire further damage may occur to other members of the frame because of the thermal contraction of the heated column.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China with Grant No. 51120185001 and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China with Grant No. SLDRCE14-A-05.
References
Ali, F. A., Shepherd, P., Randall, M., Simms, I., O’Connor, D. J., and Burgess, I. (1998). “The effect of axial restraint on the fire resistance of steel columns.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 46(1–3), 305–306.
Bailey, C. G. (2001). “Membrane action of unrestrained lightly reinforced concrete slabs at large displacements.” Eng. Struct., 23(5), 470–483.
Bailey, C. G. (2004). “Membrane action of slab/beam composite floor systems in fire.” Eng. Struct., 26(12), 1691–1703.
Chen, S., Zhang, Y., Yan, W., and Kim, K.-S. (2016). “Experimental study and analysis on the collapse behavior of an interior column in a steel structure under local fire.” Adv. Struct. Eng., 19(2), 173–186.
Dong, Y., and Prasad, K. (2009). “Behavior of full-scale frames with slim floor slab construction under exposure in a fire resistance furnace.” J. Fire. Prot. Eng., 19(3), 197–220.
Dong, Y., Zhu, E., and Prasad, K. (2009). “Thermal and structural response of two-storey two-bay composite steel frames under furnace loading.” Fire Saf. J., 44(4), 439–450.
Fang, C., Izzuddin, B., Obiala, R., Elghazouli, A., and Nethercot, D. (2012). “Robustness of multi-storey car parks under vehicle fire.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 75, 72–84.
Flint, G., Usmani, A., Lamont, S., Lane, B., and Torero, J. (2007). “Structural response of tall buildings to multiple floor fires.” J. Struct. Eng., 1719–1732.
Franssen, J.-M. (2000). “Failure temperature of a system comprising a restrained column submitted to fire.” Fire Saf. J., 34(2), 191–207.
Gomes, F. C., e Costa, P. M. P., Rodrigues, J. P. C., and Neves, I. C. (2007). “Buckling length of a steel column for fire design.” Eng. Struct., 29(10), 2497–2502.
Huang, Z. F., and Tan, K. H. (2003). “Rankine approach for fire resistance of axially-and-flexurally restrained steel columns.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 59(12), 1553–1571.
Huvelle, C., Hoang, V.-L., Jaspart, J.-P., and Demonceau, J.-F. (2015). “Complete analytical procedure to assess the response of a frame submitted to a column loss.” Eng. Struct., 86, 33–42.
Ikeda, K., and Sekizawa, A. (2005). “Collapse mechanism of the windsor building by fire in madrid and the plan for its demolition process.” Int. Workshop on Emergency Response and Rescue, Taipei, Taiwan.
Jiang, B., Li, G. Q., and Usmani, A. (2015). “Progressive collapse mechanisms investigation of planar steel moment frames under localized fire.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 115, 160–168.
Jiang, B., Li, G.-Q., and Izzuddin, B. (2016). “Dynamic performance of axially and rotationally restrained steel columns under fire.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 122, 308–315.
Lange, D., Röben, C., and Usmani, A. (2012). “Tall building collapse mechanisms initiated by fire: Mechanisms and design methodology.” Eng. Struct., 36, 90–103.
Li, G. Q., Wang, P., and Wang, Y. (2010). “Behaviour and design of restrained steel column in fire. 1: Fire test.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 66(8), 1138–1147.
McAllister, T., et al. (2012). “Analysis of structural response of WTC 7 to fire and sequential failures leading to collapse.” J. Struct. Eng., 109–117.
National Steel Standardization Technical Committee of China. (1999). “Quality carbon structural steels.” GB/T699-1999, Beijing (in Chinese).
NCSTAR (National Construction Safety Team Act Reports). (2005). “Federal building and fire safety investigation of the World Trade Center disaster: Final report on the collapse of the World Trade Center towers.”, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD.
Neves, I. C. (1995). “The critical temperature of steel columns with restrained thermal elongation.” Fire Saf. J., 24(3), 211–227.
Rodrigues, J. C., Neves, I. C., and Valente, J. (2000). “Experimental research on the critical temperature of compressed steel elements with restrained thermal elongation.” Fire Saf. J., 35(2), 77–98.
Shepherd, P. G., and Burgess, I. (2011). “On the buckling of axially restrained steel columns in fire.” Eng. Struct., 33(10), 2832–2838.
Steel, B. (1999). The behaviour of multi-storey steel framed buildings in fire (A European joint research program), Swinden Technology Centre, South Yorkshire, U.K.
Talamona, D., Franssen, J., Schleich, J., and Kruppa, J. (1997). “Stability of steel columns in case of fire: Numerical modeling.” J. Struct. Eng., 713–720.
Tan, K. H., Toh, W. S., Huang, Z. F., and Phng, G. H. (2007). “Structural responses of restrained steel columns at elevated temperatures. 1: Experiments.” Eng. Struct., 29(8), 1641–1652.
Wald, F., et al. (2006). “Experimental behaviour of a steel structure under natural fire.” Fire Saf. J., 41(7), 509–522.
Wang, Y. (1997). “The effects of frame continuity on the behaviour of steel columns under fire conditions and fire resistant design proposals.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 41(1), 93–111.
Wang, Y. (2000). “An analysis of the global structural behaviour of the Cardington steel-framed building during the two BRE fire tests.” Eng. Struct., 22(5), 401–412.
Wang, Y. (2004). “Postbuckling behavior of axially restrained and axially loaded steel columns under fire conditions.” J. Struct. Eng., 371–380.
Yin, Y., and Wang, Y. (2004). “A numerical study of large deflection behaviour of restrained steel beams at elevated temperatures.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 60(7), 1029–1047.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 2 • February 2018
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 20, 2017
Accepted: Jul 14, 2017
Published online: Nov 17, 2017
Published in print: Feb 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Apr 17, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.