Full-Scale Testing of Deep Wide-Flange Steel Columns under Multiaxis Cyclic Loading: Loading Sequence, Boundary Effects, and Lateral Stability Bracing Force Demands
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 144, Issue 2
Abstract
This paper discusses the findings from 10 full-scale steel column tests subjected to multiaxis cyclic loading. The columns use deep wide-flange cross sections typically seen in steel moment-resisting frames designed in seismic regions. The effects of boundary conditions, loading sequence, local web, and member slenderness ratios on the column hysteretic behavior are investigated. The test data underscore the influence of boundary conditions on the damage progression of steel columns. Local buckling followed by out-of-plane deformations near the plastified column base are the dominant failure modes in fixed base columns with a realistic flexible top end. Twisting may occur only at drifts larger than 3% even when the member slenderness is fairly large. The test data suggest that bidirectional loading amplifies the out-of-plane deformations but does not significantly affect the overall column performance. The loading sequence strongly affects the column’s plastic deformation capacity but only at story drifts larger than 2%. Above this drift amplitude, column axial shortening grows exponentially and becomes a controlling failure mode. Measurements of the lateral stability bracing force demands at the column top exceed the lateral brace design force specified in North American standards.
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Acknowledgments
This study is based on work supported by the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) under the Discovery Grant Program. The Steel Structures Education Foundation (SSEF) also provided funding for the testing program. Funding is also provided by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Award No. 200021_169248). The financial support is gratefully acknowledged. ADF Corporation, Inc. donated the material fabrication for four of the specimens. The authors would like to sincerely thank Prof. Robert Tremblay, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), for providing the opportunity to use the unique six-DOF test setup and resources at EPM. The authors sincerely thank the technical staff at the EPM structures laboratory for their invaluable assistance during the testing program. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of sponsors.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 2 • February 2018
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 11, 2017
Accepted: Jul 10, 2017
Published online: Nov 17, 2017
Published in print: Feb 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Apr 17, 2018
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