Seismic Design Method for CFS Diagonal Strap-Braced Stud Walls: Experimental Validation
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 3
Abstract
The search for innovative methods to ensure high structural, technological, and environmental performance is an important issue in the development of new construction. Among the several available building systems, constructions involving the structural use of cold-formed steel (CFS) profiles represent an efficient and reliable solution. In an effort to characterize the seismic response of CFS structures and to support the spread of these systems, a theoretical and experimental research has been carried out. It focused on the all-steel-design solution, in which CFS diagonal strap-braced stud walls are the main lateral resisting system. In order to overcome the lack of information in the current European codes, a critical analysis has been carried out of the requirements for these systems in difference codes for hot-rolled X-braced steel frames (tension-only). On the basis of the design hypothesis outlined from this analysis, a case study has been developed with the aim to define an extended experimental campaign involving 12 tests on full-scale CFS diagonal strap-braced stud walls. Finally, on the basis of experimental results, the assumed design prescriptions and requirements, such as the force modification factor and the capacity design rules, have been verified.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the Department of Civil Protection for the financial support to the research activity and the following companies: Guerrasio (Roccapiemonte SA, Italy) for the furnishing of steel profiles, TECFI (Pastorano CE, Italy) for the screws and KNAUF (Castellina Marittima PI, Italy) for the collaboration to the specimens assembling.
References
AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute). (2009). “North American standard for cold-formed steel framing—Lateral design 2007 edition with supplement No. 1.” AISI S213-07/S1-09, Washington, DC.
Al-Kharat, M., and Rogers, C. A. (2005). “Testing of light gauge steel strap braced walls.”, Dept. of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill Univ., Montreal.
Al-Kharat, M., and Rogers, C. A. (2006). “Inelastic performance of screw connected light gauge steel strap braced walls.”, Dept. of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill Univ., Montreal.
Al-Kharat, M., and Rogers, C. A. (2007). “Inelastic performance of cold-formed steel strap braced walls.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 63(4), 460–474.
ASCE/SEI. (2010). “Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures.”, Reston, VA.
Casafont, M., Arnedo, A., Roure, F., and Rodríguez-Ferran, A. (2007). “Experimental testing of joints for seismic design of lightweight structures. Part 3: Gussets, corner joints, x-braced frames.” Thin-Walled Struct., 45(7–8), 637–659.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). (2004a). “Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of structural steels.” EN 10326, Brussels, Belgium.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). (2004b). “Hot-rolled products of structural steels. Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels.” EN 10025-2, Brussels, Belgium.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). (2005). “Eurocode 8, Design of structures for earthquake resistance. Part 1-1: General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings.” EN 1998-1-1, Brussels, Belgium.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). (2006a). “Eurocode 3, Design of steel structures. Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings.” EN 1993-1-1, Brussels, Belgium.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). (2006b). “Eurocode 3, Design of steel structures. Part 1-3: General rules–Supplementary rules for cold-formed members and sheeting.” EN 1993-1-3, Brussels, Belgium.
Comeau, G. (2008). “Inelastic performance of welded strap braced walls.” M.Eng. thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill Univ., Montreal.
Della Corte, G., Fiorino, L., and Landolfo, R. (2006). “Seismic behavior of sheathed cold-formed structures: Numerical study.” J. Struct. Eng., 558–569.
FEMA. (2000). “Prestandard and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings.” FEMA 356, Washington, DC.
Fiorino, L., Della Corte, G., and Landolfo, R. (2007). “Experimental tests on typical screw connections for cold-formed steel housing.” Eng. Struct., 29(8), 1761–1773.
Fiorino, L., Iuorio, O., and Landolfo, R. (2012a). “Seismic analysis of sheathing-braced cold-formed steel structures.” Eng. Struct., 34, 538–547.
Fiorino, L., Iuorio, O., and Landolfo, R. (2014). “Designing CFS structures: The new school BSF in Naples.” Thin-Walled Struct., 78, 37–47.
Fiorino, L., Iuorio, O., Macillo, V., and Landolfo, R. (2012b). “Performance-based design of sheathed CFS buildings in seismic area.” Thin-Walled Struct., 61, 248–257.
Fülöp, L. A., and Dubina, D. (2004). “Performance of wall-stud cold-formed shear panels under monotonic and cyclic loading. Part I: Experimental research.” Thin-Walled Struct., 42(2), 321–338.
Iuorio, O., Fiorino, L., and Landolfo, R. (2014a). “Testing CFS structures: The new school BSF in Naples.” Thin-Walled Struct., 84, 275–288.
Iuorio, O., Macillo, V., Terracciano, M. T., Pali, T., Fiorino, L., and Landolfo, R. (2014b). “Evaluation of the seismic performance of light gauge steel walls braced with flat straps.” Proc., 22th Int. Specialty Conf., on Cold-formed Steel Structures, R. A. LaBoube and W. W. Yu, eds., Missouri Univ. of Science and Technolgy, Rolla, MO, 841–855.
Krawinkler, H., Parisi, F., Ibarra, L., Ayoub, A., and Medina, R. (2001). “Development of a testing protocol for woodframe structures.”, CUREE/Caltech, Richmond, CA.
Landolfo, R. (2011). “Cold-formed steel structures in seismic area: Research and applications.” Proc., VIII Congresso de Construção Metálica e Mista, Associação Portuguesa de Construção Metálica e Mista, Coimbra, Portugal, 3–22.
Landolfo, R., and Fiorino, L., and Della Corte, G. (2006). “Seismic behavior of sheathed cold-formed structures: Physical tests.” J. Struct. Eng., 570–581.
Landolfo, R., Fiorino, L., and Iuorio, O. (2010). “A specific procedure for seismic design of cold-formed steel housing.” Adv. Steel Constr., 6(1), 603–618.
Ministero delle Infrastrutture. (2008). “Norme Tecniche per le Costruzioni.” 〈http://www.mit.gov.it/〉 (Jan. 14, 2008) (in Italian).
Mitchell, D., Tremblay, R., Karacabeyli, E., Paulte, P., Saatciouglu, M., and Anderson, D. L. (2003). “Seismic force modification factors for the proposed 2005 edition of the national building code of Canada.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 30(2), 308–327.
Serrette, R. L. (1997). “Additional shear wall values for light weight steel framing.”, Santa Clara Univ., Santa Clara, CA.
Tian, Y. S., Wang, J., and Lu, T. J. (2004). “Racking strength and stiffness of cold-formed steel wall frames.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 60(7), 1069–1093.
Uang, C. M. (1991). “Establishing R (or Rw) and Cd factors for building seismic provisions.” J. Struct. Eng., 19–28.
Velchev, K. (2008). “Inelastic performance of screw connected strap braced walls.” M.Eng. thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill Univ., Montreal.
Velchev, K., Comeau, G., Balh, N., and Rogers, C. A. (2010). “Evaluation of the AISI S213 seismic design procedures through testing of strap braced cold-formed steel walls.” Thin-Walled Struct., 48(10–11), 846–856.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 10, 2014
Accepted: Jul 22, 2015
Published online: Oct 27, 2015
Published in print: Mar 1, 2016
Discussion open until: Mar 27, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.