CFFT Bridge Columns for Multihazard Resilience
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 8
Abstract
Bridges play a significant role in postevent recovery and disaster resiliency of communities. Recent megadisasters, such as the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, have prompted the technical community to understand the robustness of infrastructure when subjected to extreme events and the shortcomings of conventional structural systems under multiple hazards. Columns are the most critical load-carrying elements of bridge structures. Enhancing the robustness of bridge columns can improve the resiliency of the bridge itself and the surrounding community by reducing repair costs and downtime after an extreme event. In recent years, the concrete-filled fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) tube (CFFT) system has been widely investigated as a durable and cost-effective alternative design for more robust bridge columns. However, the current AASHTO guide specifications are limited to nonductile, unreinforced CFFT elements. This study summarizes the findings of blast, fire, and seismic experiments performed on CFFT specimens containing minimal longitudinal reinforcement. The residual axial load-carrying capacities of damaged reinforced concrete (RC) and CFFT columns are obtained as a measure of robustness, and estimated restoration times and repair costs are presented for each type of column and each hazard. Subsequently, a set of experimentally validated design equations are developed for the axial and flexural resistance of lightly reinforced CFFT columns in a compatible format with the AASHTO load resistance factor design (LRFD) Guide Specifications for the Design of CFFTs. A formulation for displacement-based seismic design of lightly reinforced CFFT columns is presented, and a provision for the fire protection of this column system is proposed. By presenting a set of experimentally validated design formulations, this study is expected to promote the application of lightly reinforced CFFT columns to enhance the multihazard resilience of bridge infrastructure.
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Acknowledgments
This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under the DHS HS–STEM Career Development Grant Award Number 2008-ST-061-TS002. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Vince Chiarito, Stanley Woodson, Jared Minor, Larry Garrett, Clifford Grey, Arnette Nash, and many others from USACE-ERDC are thanked for the assistance they provided during the blast experiments. Special thanks to Matt Smith of National Oilwell Varco for donating the FRP tubes, and Peter Glaude and Serge Doyan for their machining and fabrication work. Also, the assistance provided by Masoud Mehrraoufi and Kevin Zmetra during construction and axial capacity testing is very much appreciated. The authors are very appreciative of Fyfe for the donation of the fire-protection system for the fire experiments and Brian Flaherty for the donation of the flame-retardant coating used during blast testing.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 8 • August 2016
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 1, 2013
Accepted: Jan 26, 2015
Published online: Mar 11, 2015
Discussion open until: Aug 11, 2015
Published in print: Aug 1, 2016
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