Modeling of RC Shear Walls Retrofitted with Steel Plates or FRP Sheets
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 138, Issue 5
Abstract
Advancements in the nonlinear finite-element method have resulted in reliable simulations of response for reinforced concrete (RC) structures, provided that an analysis program with comprehensive models for material and structural behavior is employed. However, a need to provide simple, yet adaptive modeling guidelines for engineers and researchers using these tools exists, specifically for structures retrofitted with external materials for which bond behavior with the existing concrete surface is critical. Nonlinear analyses were conducted in this study to provide modeling procedures that can satisfactorily replicate the response of retrofitted RC shear walls. The retrofitting strategies included bolting of steel plates, bonding of external steel plates and fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets, and addition of steel plates with delay mechanisms. The modeling used simple rectangular and triangular membrane elements for concrete with smeared internal reinforcement, truss bar elements for external steel and FRP retrofitting materials, and bond-link elements for the bonding interface between steel and FRP to concrete. Critical to the success of the analyses was the development of constitutive bond-slip models for the link elements to simulate slotted steel connections, which function as a delay mechanism, and for anchorage of FRP sheets to concrete foundations. The analyses satisfactorily simulated seismic behavior, including lateral load capacity, displacement capacity, energy dissipation, hysteretic response, slip between the retrofitting material and the concrete structure, and failure mode.
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Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) for the Canadian Seismic Research Network (CSRN). In addition, the authors would like to extend their sincere gratitude to Professor Frank J. Vecchio and the VecTor Analysis Group at the University of Toronto for their support and assistance.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 138 • Issue 5 • May 2012
Pages: 602 - 612
Copyright
© 2012. American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 31, 2010
Accepted: Jul 8, 2011
Published online: Jul 11, 2011
Published in print: May 1, 2012
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