Optimization of Bamboo Fiber–Reinforced Composite-Clay Bricks for Development of Low-Cost Farm Settlements toward Boosting Rural Agribusiness in Africa
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 34, Issue 12
Abstract
This study was conceived to develop the optimum mix for cement-stabilized bamboo fiber–reinforced clay bricks for low-cost farm settlements. The concept was concerned with the provision of houses in rural areas as incentive to encourage youth participation in farming activities and at the same time reduce rural–urban migration. The input factors for the composite development were bamboo fiber (BF), sand proportion, and cement dosage. Mixture of the input materials were carried out per experimental runs obtained by the Box-Behnken approach. Responses analyzed were apparent porosity, water absorption, and compressive and flexural strengths. The results showed that the responses were significantly affected by the experimental factors. The developed models for each response were certified statistically fit for response prediction. Also, response surface plots revealed that each response was dependent on the interactive patterns between the input factors. An optimization procedure was carried out, and the optimum mix was 0.99%–1% by weight BF, 27.24% by weight sand and 24.82% by weight cement, yielding 13.78%, 12.66%, 8.86 MPa, and 1.98 MPa for apparent porosity, water absorption, compressive strength, and flexural strength respectively. A confirmation experiment carried out yielded error < 5% for each of the parameters, validating the models. Therefore, the optimum mix can be used in the development of low-cost clay bricks with the purpose of building low-cost farm estates for improvement of agricultural activities for the purpose of engaging more youth in farming.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
The authors appreciate the Departments of Agricultural and Resource Economics; Metallurgical and Materials Engineering and Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure; and Center of Functional Nano-Ceramics, National University of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia.
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Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 34 • Issue 12 • December 2022
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 23, 2021
Accepted: Mar 22, 2022
Published online: Sep 28, 2022
Published in print: Dec 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Feb 28, 2023
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