Technical Papers
Feb 18, 2020

Plain Concrete Prisms Externally Strengthened by CFRP Bonded with Graphene Oxide–Modified Magnesium Phosphate Cement

Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 32, Issue 5

Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO)–modified magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) is used as an adhesive to bond carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites in the formation of MPC-CFRP strengthening materials. The performance of GO-modified MPC paste and the mechanical performance of MPC-CFRP–strengthened concrete prisms are investigated in this paper. Workability and mechanical properties of MPC with different dosages of GO (0.035 wt% and 0.07 wt% by MgO) are tested. The results indicate that GO has negative effects on the fluidity and setting time of MPC. Mechanical properties of MPC are improved by a proper addition of GO. Compared with unstrengthened prisms, bearing capacity and stiffness of strengthened concrete prisms increase with the layers of MPC-CFRP: maximum bearing capacity increased by 372.08%, and stiffness increased by 130.15%, respectively. MPC with the optimal mechanical properties (MPC-GO1) is used as the adhesive to bond CFRP, which forms a new type of strengthening composite and greatly improves the bearing capacity and ductility of plain concrete prisms.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Key R&D Program of China—Key Materials and Preparation Technology of High Crack Resistant Ready-Mixed Concrete (Grant No. 2017YFB0310100); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51678011 and 51908182); and the Beijing Municipal Project for Training Tens of Millions of Talent (Grant No. 2018A37).

References

ACI (American Concrete Institute). 1989. “Measurement of properties of fiber reinforced concrete.” ACI 544.2R. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
ACI (American Concrete Institute). 2011. “Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary.” ACI 318. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
ASTM. 2016a. “Standard test method for amount of water required for normal consistency of hydraulic cement paste.” ASTM C187. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2016b. “Standard test method for flexural strength of concrete (using simple beam with center-point loading).” ASTM C293/C293M. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Caggiano, A., and E. Martinelli. 2013. “A fracture-based interface model for simulating the bond behaviour of FRP strips glued to a brittle substrate.” Compos. Struct. 99 (5): 397–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.12.011.
Caggiano, A., D. S. Schicchi, and A. Caggiano. 2015. “A thermo-mechanical interface model for simulating the bond behaviour of FRP strips glued to concrete substrates exposed to elevated temperature.” Eng. Struct. 83 (Jan): 243–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.10.017.
Dakhane, A., S. Das, H. Hansen, S. O’Donnell, F. Hanoon, A. Rushton, C. Perla, and N. Neithalath. 2018. “Crack healing in cementitious mortars using enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation: Quantification based on fracture response.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 30 (4): 04018035. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002218.
Gdoutos, E. E., M. S. Konsta-Gdoutos, and P. A. Danoglidis. 2016. “Portland cement mortar nanocomposites at low carbon nanotube and carbon nanofiber content: A fracture mechanics experimental study.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 70 (Jul): 110–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.03.010.
Gong, K., Z. Pan, A. H. Korayem, L. Qiu, D. Li, F. Collins, and W. H. Duan. 2015. “Reinforcing effects of graphene oxide on portland cement paste.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 27 (2): A4014010. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001125.
Hernández Rosas, J. J., R. E. Ramírez Gutiérrez, A. Escobedo-Morales, and A. E. Chigo. 2011. “First principles calculations of the electronic and chemical properties of graphene, graphane, and graphene oxide.” J. Mol. Model. 17 (5): 1133–1139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-010-0818-1.
Kang, H. K., J. Howell, S. Kim, and J. L. Dong. 2012. “A state-of-the-art review on debonding failures of FRP laminates externally adhered to concrete.” Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater. 6 (2): 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-012-0012-1.
Kizilkanat, A. B., N. Kabay, V. Akyuncu, S. Chowdhury, and A. R. Akca. 2015. “Mechanical properties and fracture behavior of basalt and glass fiber reinforced concrete: An experimental study.” Constr. Build. Mater. 100 (Dec): 218–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.006.
Konios, D., M. M. Stylianakis, E. Stratakis, and E. Kymakis. 2014. “Dispersion behaviour of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide.” J. Colloid Interface Sci. 430 (Sep): 108–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2014.05.033.
Li, Y., W. Bai, and T. Shi. 2017a. “A study of the bonding performance of magnesium phosphate cement on mortar and concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 142 (Jul): 459–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.090.
Li, Y., and B. Chen. 2013. “Factors that affect the properties of magnesium phosphate cement.” Constr. Build. Mater. 47 (Oct): 977–983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.05.103.
Li, Y., and J. Q. Li. 2015. “Relationship between fracture area and tensile strength of cement paste with supplementary cementitious materials.” Constr. Build. Mater. 79 (Mar): 223–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.01.052.
Li, Y., X. Liu, and Z. Wang. 2019. “Experimental study on reinforcement and chloride extraction of concrete column with MPC-CFRP composite anode.” KSCE J. Civ. Eng. 23 (4): 1766–1775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-1595-8.
Li, Y., X. Liu, M. Wu, and W. Bai. 2017b. “Research of electrochemical chloride extraction and reinforcement of concrete column using MPC-bonded carbon fiber reinforced plastic sheet & mesh.” Constr. Build. Mater. 153 (Oct): 436–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.131.
Lu, C., Z. Lu, Z. Li, and C. K. Y. Leung. 2016a. “Effect of graphene oxide on the mechanical behavior of strain hardening cementitious composites.” Constr. Build. Mater. 120 (Sep): 457–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.122.
Lu, Z., D. Hou, H. Ma, T. Fan, and Z. Li. 2016b. “Effects of graphene oxide on the properties and microstructures of the magnesium potassium phosphate cement paste.” Constr. Build. Mater. 119 (Aug): 107–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.060.
Lu, Z. Y., D. S. Hou, H. Y. Ma, T. Y. Fan, and Z. J. Li. 2016c. “Effects of graphene oxide on the properties and microstructures of the magnesium potassium phosphate cement paste.” Constr. Build. Mater. 119 (Aug): 107–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.060.
Lv, S., J. Liu, T. Sun, Y. Ma, and Q. Zhou. 2014. “Effect of GO nanosheets on shapes of cement hydration crystals and their formation process.” Constr. Build. Mater. 64 (64): 231–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.061.
Lv, S., Y. Ma, C. Qiu, T. Sun, J. Liu, and Q. Zhou. 2013. “Effect of graphene oxide nanosheets of microstructure and mechanical properties of cement composites.” Constr. Build. Mater. 49 (12): 121–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.08.022.
Mohammed, A., J. G. Sanjayan, W. H. Duan, and A. Nazari. 2015. “Incorporating graphene oxide in cement composites: A study of transport properties.” Constr. Build. Mater. 84 (Jun): 341–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.01.083.
Pan, Z., L. He, L. Qiu, A. H. Korayem, G. Li, J. W. Zhu, and W. H. Duan. 2015. “Mechanical properties and microstructure of a graphene oxide–cement composite.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 58 (Apr): 140–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.02.001.
Paredes, J. I., S. Villar-Rodil, A. Martínez-Alonso, and J. M. D. Tascón. 2008. “Graphene oxide dispersions in organic solvents.” Langmuir 24 (19): 10560. https://doi.org/10.1021/la801744a.
Sharma, S., and N. C. Kothiyal. 2015. “Influence of graphene oxide as dispersed phase in cement mortar matrix in defining the crystal patterns of cement hydrates and its effect on mechanical, microstructural and crystallization properties.” RSC Adv. 5 (65): 52642–52657. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA08078A.
Shofner, M. L., V. N. Khabashesku, and E. V. Barrera. 2006. “Processing and mechanical properties of fluorinated single-wall carbon nanotube−polyethylene composites.” Chem. Mater. 18 (4): 906–913. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm051475y.
Singh, A. P., M. Mishra, A. Chandra, and S. K. Dhawan. 2011. “Graphene oxide/ferrofluid/cement composites for electromagnetic interference shielding application.” Nanotechnology 22 (46): 465701. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/22/46/465701.
Wu, Y. H., T. Yu, and Z. X. Shen. 2010. “Two-dimensional carbon nanostructures: Fundamental properties, synthesis, characterization, and potential applications.” J. Appl. Phys. 108 (7): 071301. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3460809.
Zhao, X., C. Liu, L. Zuo, L. Wang, Q. Zhu, and M. Wang. 2019. “Investigation into the effect of calcium on the existence form of geopolymerized gel product of fly ash based geopolymers.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 103 (Oct): 279–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.11.019.
Zhu, Y., S. Murali, W. Cai, X. Li, W. S. Ji, J. R. Potts, and R. S. Ruoff. 2010. “Graphene and graphene oxide: Synthesis, properties, and applications.” Adv. Mater. 22 (35): 3906–3924. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201001068.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 32Issue 5May 2020

History

Received: Jan 27, 2019
Accepted: Sep 23, 2019
Published online: Feb 18, 2020
Published in print: May 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Jul 18, 2020

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Xiongfei Liu [email protected]
Lecturer, School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei Univ. of Technology, Beichen District, Tianjin 300401, China. Email: [email protected]
Professor, Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Lab of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Retrofit, Beijing Univ. of Technology, Beijing 100124, China (corresponding author). Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share