Surface-Free Energy and Fatigue Performance of Hot-Mix Asphalt Modified with Nano Lime
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31, Issue 9
Abstract
The free energy of asphalt cohesion and of adhesion at the interface of the asphalt binder and aggregate are the main parameters that affect mix asphalt fatigue failure in dry and wet conditions. The free energy of cohesion and adhesion within the mix asphalt system can be calculated if the components of the free energy of the adhesion at the interface of asphalt binder and aggregate are clear. Hence, in the present study, the components of the free energy of the adhesion at the interface of the asphalt binder and aggregate were calculated using a universal sorption device and Wilhelmy plate tests, respectively. In addition, an indirect tensile fatigue test was used to determine the fatigue life of mix asphalt. The materials used in this study include asphalt binder with a penetration rate of 85/100 and Nano lime as its modifier. The use of inexpensive nanomaterials such as Nano lime is one way to reduce the fatigue-cracking potential of asphalt mixtures. The results showed that using Nano lime increases the free energy of cohesion and adhesion and, therefore, improves mix asphalt resistance against fatigue cracks in the asphalt binder membrane and the interface of the asphalt binder and aggregate, respectively. In addition, the results of an indirect tensile fatigue test indicated that mix asphalt modified with Nano lime has a greater fatigue life than control mix asphalt in both dry and wet conditions. However, the effect of Nano lime is higher on mix asphalt containing acidic aggregates.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Arabani, M., S. Babamohammadi, and A. Azarhoosh. 2015. “Experimental investigation of seashells used as filler in hot mix asphalt.” Int. J. Pavement Eng. 16 (6): 502–509. https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2014.943132.
ASTM. 1973. Standard test method for penetration of bituminous materials. ASTM D5. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 1976. Standard test method for softening point of bitumen (ring and ball apparatus). ASTM D36. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 1978. Standard test method for flash and fire points by Cleveland open cup tester. ASTM D92. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 1985. Standard test method for kinematic viscosity of asphalts (bitumens). ASTM D2171-07. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2005. Standard test method for soundness of aggregates by use of sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate. ASTM C88. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2006. Standard test method for resistance to degradation of small-size coarse aggregate by abrasion and impact in the Los Angeles machine. ASTM C131. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2007. Standard test method for ductility of bituminous materials. ASTM D113-79. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2010a. Standard test method for flat particles, elongated particles, or flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregate. ASTM D4791. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2010b. Standard test methods for specific gravity of soil solids by water pycnometer. ASTM D854. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2012a. Standard test method for density, relative density (specific gravity), and absorption of coarse aggregate. ASTM C127. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2012b. Standard test method for density, relative density (specific gravity), and absorption of fine aggregate. ASTM C128. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2017. Standard test methods for uncompacted void content of fine aggregate (as influenced by particle shape, surface texture, and grading). ASTM C1252. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Azarhoosh, A., F. Moghadas Nejad, and A. Khodaii. 2016. “Using the surface free energy method to evaluate the effects of nanomaterial on the fatigue life of hot mix asphalt.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 28 (10): 04016098. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001614.
Azarhoosh, A., F. Moghadas Nejad, and A. Khodaii. 2017. “The influence of cohesion and adhesion parameters on the fatigue life of hot mix asphalt.” J. Adhes. 93 (13): 1048–1067. https://doi.org/10.1080/00218464.2016.1201656.
Azarhoosh, A. R., F. M. Nejad, and A. Khodaii. 2018. “Nanomaterial and fatigue cracking of hot mix asphalt.” Road Mater. Pavement Des. 19 (2): 353–366. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2016.1261724.
Bhasin, A. 2006. “Development of methods to quantify bitumen-aggregate adhesion and loss of adhesion due to water.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M Univ.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 2012. Test methods for hot mix asphalt—Part 24: Resistance to fatigue. EN12697-24. London: British Standards Institution.
Cheng, D., D. Little, R. Lytton, and J. Holste. 2002. “Surface energy measurement of asphalt and its application to predicting fatigue and healing in asphalt mixtures.” Transp. Res. Rec. 1810 (1): 44–53. https://doi.org/10.3141/1810-06.
Cong, L., J. Peng, Z. Guo, and Q. Wang. 2017. “Evaluation of fatigue cracking in asphalt mixtures based on surface energy.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29 (3): D4015003. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001465.
Hefer, A. W. 2005. “Adhesion in bitumen-aggregate systems and quantification of the effect of water on the adhesive bond.” Ph.D. dissertation, Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of MOE, Texas A&M Univ.
Howson, J., A. Bhasin, E. Masad, R. Lytton, and D. Little. 2009. Development of a database for surface energy of aggregates and asphalt binders. College Station, TX: Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M Univ.
Institute Asphalt. 1988. Mix design methods for asphalt concrete and other hot-mix types: Manual series 2. Lexington, KY: Institute Asphalt.
Karahancer, S. S., M. Kiristi, S. Terzi, M. Saltan, A. U. Oksuz, and L. Oksuz. 2014. “Performance evaluation of nano-modified asphalt concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 71: 283–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.08.072.
Kasabov, N. K. 1996. Foundations of neural networks, fuzzy systems, and knowledge engineering. London: Marcel Alencar.
Koza, J. R. 1994. “Genetic programming as a means for programming computers by natural selection.” Stat. Comput. 4 (2): 87–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00175355.
Little, D. N., and A. Bhasin. 2006. Using surface energy measurements to select materials for asphalt pavement. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board.
Moghadas Nejad, F., A. Azarhoosh, and G. H. Hamedi. 2012. “Laboratory evaluation of using recycled marble aggregates on the mechanical properties of hot mix asphalt.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 25 (6): 741–746. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000539.
Ofori-Abebresse, E. K. 2006. “Fatigue resistance of hot-mix asphalt concrete (HMAC) mixtures using the calibrated mechanistic with surface energy (CMSE) measurements approach.” Ph.D. dissertation, Civil Engineering, Texas A&M Univ.
Smith, G. N. 1986. “Probability and statistics in civil engineering.” In Vol. 244 of Collins professional and technical books. Tokyo: National Institute of Informatics.
Tanzadeh, J., F. Vahedi, P. T. Kheiry, and R. Tanzadeh. 2013. “Laboratory study on the effect of nano TiO2 on rutting performance of asphalt pavements.” In Proc., Manufacturing Science and Technology III, edited by R. Sivakumar, 990–994. Dürnten, Switzerland: Trans Tech Publication.
Van Oss, C. J., M. K. Chaudhury, and R. J. Good. 1988. “Interfacial Lifshitz-van der Waals and polar interactions in macroscopic systems.” Chem. Rev. 88 (6): 927–941. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00088a006.
Yusoff, N. I. M., A. A. S. Breem, H. N. Alattug, A. Hamim, and J. Ahmad. 2014. “The effects of moisture susceptibility and ageing conditions on nano-silica/polymer-modified asphalt mixtures.” Constr. Build. Mater. 72: 139–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.09.014.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 31 • Issue 9 • September 2019
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 4, 2018
Accepted: Mar 27, 2019
Published online: Jun 20, 2019
Published in print: Sep 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Nov 20, 2019
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.