Technical Papers
Dec 17, 2014

Restrained Shrinkage Cracking of Self-Consolidating Concrete

Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 27, Issue 10

Abstract

In this paper the properties of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) used for repair applications and prepared with two commercially available ternary blended cements and chemical admixtures such as a high-range water reducer (HRWR) and a viscosity modifying admixture (VMA) were investigated under restrained shrinkage. The examined properties include compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, static elastic modulus, free shrinkage, and restrained shrinkage. From the results, it became clear that the resistance of SCC to shrinkage crack was quite different depending on the nature of HRWR and the binder type in use. The cracking age increases in mixtures proportioned with polycarboxylate (PC)-based HRWR compared with polynaphthalene (PNS)-based HRWR. The SCC mixtures based on blended ternary cement containing Class F fly ash show shorter cracking age than the corresponding SCCs proportioned with ternary blended cement containing slag. Finally, it was found that the potential of shrinkage cracking of SCC is not influenced only by the amount of shrinkage but also by the shrinkage rate and tensile creep.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

ACI (American Concrete Institute). (2007). “Causes, evaluation, and repair of cracks in concrete structures.”, Detroit.
Almudaiheem, J. A., and Hansen, W. (1987). “Effect of specimen size and shape on drying shrinkage.” ACI Mater. J., 84(2), 130–135.
ASTM. (2008). “Standard test method for length change of hardened hydraulic-cement mortar and concrete.” C157/C157M-08, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2009a). “Standard test method for determining age at cracking and induced tensile stress characteristics of mortar and concrete under restrained shrinkage.” C1581-09, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2009b). “Standard test method for slump flow of selfconsolidating concrete.” C1611/C1611M-09b, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2011). “Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens.” C496/C496M-11, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2012). “Standard specification for portland cement.” C150/C150M-12, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2014a). “Standard test method for air content of freshly mixed concrete by the pressure method.” C231/C231M-14, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2014b). “Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens.” C39/C39M-14a, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2014c). “Standard test method for density (unit weight), yield, and air content (gravimetric) of concrete.” C138/C138M-14, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2014d). “Standard test method for static modulus of elasticity and poisson’s ratio of concrete in compression.” C469/C469M-14, West Conshohocken, PA.
Attiogbe, E. K., See, H. T., and Miltenberger, M. A. (2001). “Tensile creep in restrained shrinkage.” Proc., Symp. on Creep, Shrinkage and Durability Mechanics of Concrete and other Quasi-Brittle Materials, F. J. Ulm, Z. P. Bazant, and F. H. Witmann, eds., Elsevier, Cambridge, MA, 651–656.
CSA (Canadian Standards Association). (2009). “Concrete materials and methods for construction.” A23.1, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
Emmons, E. H., Vaysburd, A. M., and Mac-Donald, J. (1993). “A rational approach to durable concrete repairs.” Concr. Int., 15(9), 40–45.
Hossain, A. B., and Weiss, J. (2004). “Assessing residual stress development and stress relaxation in restrained concrete ring specimens.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 26(5), 531–540.
Hwang, S.-D., and Khayat, K. H. (2010). “Effect of mix design on restrained shrinkage of self-consolidating concrete.” Mater. Struct., 43, 367–380.
Lin, S.-T., Huang, R., and Chang, C. Y. (2010). “Effect of water soluble polymers on the early age shrinkage of cementitious composites by using the ring test method.” Mater. Chem. Phys., 121(3), 440–446.
Loser, R., and Leemann, A. (2009). “Shrinkage and restrained shrinkage cracking of SCC compared to conventionally vibrated concrete.” Mater. Struct., 42(1), 71–82.
Ma, B.-G., Xin-gang, W., Wen-quan, L., Xiang-guo, L., and Zhen, H. (2007). “Study on early-age cracking of cement-based materials with superplasticizers.” Constr. Build. Mater., 21, 2017–2022.
Neville, A. M. (2000). Properties of concrete, Eroylles, 806.
Okamura, H., and Ouchi, M. (2003). “Self-compacting concrete.” J. Adv. Concr. Technol., 1(1), 5–15.
Radlinska, A., Pease, B., and Weiss, J. (2007). “A preliminary numerical investigation on the influence of materials variability in the early-age cracking behavior of restrained concrete.” Mater. Struct., 40(4), 375–386.
Rizkalla, S., and Labossiere, P. (1996). “FRP extends service life of rehabilitated infrastructure.” Conf. of Network Centres of Excellence on Intelligent Sensing for Innovative Structures (ISIS).
See, H. T., Attiogbe, E. K., and Miltenberger, M. A. (2004). “Potential for restrained shrinkage cracking of concrete and mortar.” Cem. Concr. Aggreg., 26(2), 123–130.
Shah, S. P., Chengsheng, O., Shashidhara, M., Yang, W., and Becq-Giraudon, E. (1998). “A method to predict shrinkage cracking of concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 95(4), 339–346.
Turcry, P., Loukili, A., Haidar, K., Pijautier-Cabot, G., and Belaribi, A. (2006). “Cracking tendency of self-compacting concrete subjected to restrained shrinkage: Experimental study and modelling.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 46–54.
Vaysburd, A. M., Emmons, P. H., Mailvaganam, N. P., McDonald, J. E., and Bissonnette, B. (2004) “Concrete repair technology—A revised approach is needed.” Concre. Int., 26(1), 59–65.
Wang, G., and Zheng, J. (2005). “Influence of cementitious systems on cracking of self-flowing concrete.” Proc., Use of SCC in China, Zhiwu Yu, Caijun Shi, Kamal Henri Khayat, and Youjun Xie, eds., RILEM, 457–464.
Weiss, W. J., and Shah, S. P. (2002). “Restrained shrinkage cracking: The role of shrinkage reducing admixtures and specimen geometry.” RILEM Mater. J., 35(246), 85–91.
Yasumoto, A., Edamatsu, Y., and Mizukoshi, M. (1998). “Study on the shrinkage crack resistance of SCC.” Proc., Int. Symp. on 4th CANMET/ACI/ JCI Advances in Concrete Technology, V. M. Malhotra, ed., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 651–669.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 27Issue 10October 2015

History

Received: Jul 13, 2014
Accepted: Nov 6, 2014
Published online: Dec 17, 2014
Discussion open until: May 17, 2015
Published in print: Oct 1, 2015

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Aïcha F. Ghezal, Ph.D. [email protected]
Materials Engineer, LVM-EnGlobe Corp., 1200, boul. Saint-Martin Ouest Office 300, Laval, QC, Canada H7S 2E4; and Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil Engineering and Construction, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Rue Notre-Dame Ouest, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 1K3 (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
Gabriel J. Assaf
Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering and Construction, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS), 1100 Rue Notre-Dame Ouest, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 1K3.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share