Effect of Type of Compaction on Mechanical Properties in Warm-Mix Asphalts
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 24, Issue 8
Abstract
This paper compares the effect of type of compaction (impact and gyratory compaction) on mechanical properties (such as water sensitivity and stiffness modulus) in warm-mix asphalts. Moreover, the manufacture and laying temperatures and the use of additives for warm-mix asphalts have been taken into account. The mixes tested have a semidense aggregate gradation with a B-60/70 penetration binder and different types of warm-mix additives have been added. The mixtures compacted by gyratory compactor at different temperatures all displayed good behavior in terms of water sensitivity; in contrast, not all mixtures compacted by impact achieved this. On reducing the manufacturing temperature, the stiffness moduli decreased in all mixtures for both types of compaction, this reduction being less pronounced in the mixes manufactured with the gyratory compactor. The results have been evaluated statistically.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This paper is based on the initial literature review for the Fenix Project. The development of the Fenix Project (www.proyectofenix.es) was possible thanks to the financial contribution of the Center for Technological and Industrial Development (CDTI) within the framework of the Ingenio 2010 programme, through the CENIT Programme. The companies and research centers involved in the project wish to express their gratitude for the contribution.
The authors are grateful to all organizations and companies participating in the Fenix Project: Centro de Investigación Elpidio Sánchez Marcos (CIESM), Centro Zaragoza, Construcciones y Obras Llorente (Collosa), Ditecpesa, Asfaltos y Construcciones Elsan, Intrame, Pavasal, Repsol YPF, Sacyr, Serviá Cantó, Sorigué, CARTIF, CEDEX, CIDAUT, CSIC (IIQAB), GIASA, Intromac, Labein, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Universidad de Huelva, Universidad de Cantabria, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, and our many partners whose work capacity and effectiveness have enabled the development of this project in an environment of cooperation.
References
Akisetty, C. K., Lee, S.-J., and Amirkhanian, S. N. (2009). “Effects of compaction temperature on volumetric properties of rubberized mixes containing warm-mix additives.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng.JMCEE7, 21(8), 409–415.
Anjan Kumar, S., and Veeraragavan, A. (2010). “Performance based binder type selection using mixed integer programming technique.” Constr. Build. Mater.CBUMEZ, 24(11), 2091–2100.
Asi, I. M. (2007). “Performance evaluation of SUPERPAVE and Marshall asphalt mix designs to suite Jordan climatic and traffic conditions.” Constr. Build. Mater.CBUMEZ, 21(8), 1732–1740.
Brown, E. R., and Buchanan, M. S. (2001). “Literature review: Verification of gyration levels in the superpave design table.” NCHRP Web Document 34 (Project D9-9[1]): Contractor’s Final Report., National Center for Asphalt Technology, Auburn Univ., Alabama.
Canavos, G. C. (1988). Probabilidad y estadística. Aplicaciones y métodos, McGraw-Hill/Interamericana de México, Mexico.
Castaño, N., Ferré, P., Fossas, F., and Puñet, A. (2004). “A real heat stable bitumen antistripping agent.” Proc., 8th Conf. on Asphalt Pavements for Southern Africa (CAPSA’04), Document Transformation Technologies cc, Sun City, South Africa.
DelRio-Prat, M., Vega-Zamanillo, A., Castro-Fresno, D., and Calzada-Perez, M. A. (2010). “Energy consumption during compaction with a gyratory intensive compactor tester. Estimation models.” Constr. Build. Mater.CBUMEZ, 25(2), 979–986.
Garnica, P., Delgado, H., and Sandoval, C. D. (2005). “Análisis comparativo de los métodos Marshall y Superpave para compactación de mezclas asfálticas.” Technical Rep. No. 271, Instituto Mexicano del Transporte, Sanfandila, Mexico.
Garnica, P., Gomez, J. A., and Delgado, H. (2003). “Algunos aspectos de la densificación de mezclas asfálticas con el compactador giratorio.” Technical Rep. No. 228, Instituto Mexicano del Transporte, Sanfandila, Mexico.
Hurley, G. C., and Prowell, B. D. (2005a). “Evaluation of Aspha-Min® for the use in warm mix asphalt.” NCAT Rep. No. 05-04, National Center for Asphalt Technology, Auburn, AL.
Hurley, G. C., and Prowell, B. D. (2005b). “Evaluation of Sasobit® for the use in warm mix asphalt.” NCAT Rep. No. 05-06, National Center for Asphalt Technology, Auburn, AL.
Khan, Z. A., Al-Abdul Wahab, H. I., Asi, I., and Ramadhan, R. (1998). “Comparative study of asphalt concrete laboratory compaction methods to simulate field compaction.” Constr. Build. Mater.CBUMEZ, 12(6–7), 373–384.
Khan, K. M., and Kamal, M. A. (2008). “Impact of superpave mix design method on rutting behavior of flexible pavements in Pakistan.” Arabian J. Sci. Eng., 33(2B), 379–390.
Kristjansdottir, O., Muench, S. T., Michael, L., and Burke, G. (2007). “Assessing potential for warm-mix asphalt technology adoption.” Transp. Res. Rec.TRREDM, 2040, 91–99.
Milton, J. S., and Arnold, J. C. (2003). “Probabilidad y estadística con aplicaciones para ingeniería y ciencias computacionales.” 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill/Interamericana, Mexico.
Mohammed, L., Saadeh, S., and Cooper, S. (2008). Evaluation of asphalt mixtures containing Sasobit warm additive, Geotechnical Special Publication 178, GEO Institute of ASCE, New Orleans, 1016–1023.
PG-3. (2008). “Colección normativa técnica. “Pliego de prescripciones tecnicas generales para obras de carreteras y puentes. Articulo 542: Mezclas bituminosas en caliente tipo hormigón bituminoso.” Ministerio de Fomento, España.
Silva, H. M. R. D., Oliveira, J. R. M., Peralta, J., and Zoorob, S. E. (2010). “Optimization of warm mix asphalts using different blends of binders and synthetic paraffin wax contents.” Constr. Build. Mater.CBUMEZ, 24(9), 1621–1631.
Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR). (2003). “Bituminous mixtures. Test methods for hot mix asphalt. Part 8: Determination of void characteristics of bituminous specimens.” EN-12697-8, Spain.
Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR). (2004). “Bituminous mixtures. Test methods for hot mix asphalt. Part 23: Determination of the indirect tensile strength of bituminous specimens.” EN-12697-23, Spain.
Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR). (2006a). “Bituminous mixtures. Test methods for hot mix asphalt. Part 12: Determination of the water sensitivity of bituminous specimens.” EN-12697-12, Spain.
Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR). (2006b). “Bituminous mixtures. Test methods for hot mix asphalt. Part 26: Stiffness.” EN-12697-26, Spain.
Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR). (2007a). “Bituminous mixtures. Test methods for hot mix asphalt. Part 6: Determination of bulk specific gravity of bituminous specimens.” EN-12697-6, Spain.
Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR). (2007b). “Bituminous mixtures. Test methods for hot mix asphalt. Part 30: Specimen preparation by impact compactor.” EN-12697-30, Spain.
Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR). (2008a). “Bituminous mixtures. Material specifications. Part 1: Asphalt concrete.” EN-13108-1, Spain.
Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification (AENOR). (2008b). “Bituminous mixtures. Test methods for hot mix asphalt. Part 31: Specimen preparation by gyratory compactor.” EN-12697-31, Spain.
Su, K., Maekawa, R., and Hachiya, Y. (2009). “Laboratory evaluation of WMA mixture for use in airport pavement rehabilitation.” Constr. Build. Mater.CBUMEZ, 23(7), 2709–2714.
Vaitkus, A., Čygas, D., Laurinavičius, A., and Perveneckas, Z. (2009). “Analysis and evaluation of possibilities for the use of warm mix asphalt in Lithuania.” Baltic J. Road Bridge Eng., 4(2), 80–86.
You, Z., and Goh, S. W. (2008). “Laboratory evaluation of warm mix asphalt: A preliminary study.” Int. J. Pavement Res. Technol., 1(1), 34–40.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2012. American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 30, 2010
Accepted: Dec 29, 2011
Published online: Jan 2, 2012
Published in print: Aug 1, 2012
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.