Design of Sediment Traps with Open Check Dams. I: Hydraulic and Deposition Processes
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Abstract
Sediment traps with open check dams are widely used structures in flood hazard mitigation. This paper reviews the literature dedicated to their design. First, the general context in which sediment traps are built and their functions are presented. The second part proposes hydraulic design criteria for classical types with details on the opening shapes and dam crest spillway. The third part details sediment deposition dynamics: its initiation, its controls through the trap basin and open check dam shapes, the effect of hydrographs, and the control of trap self-cleaning. The methods to determine the deposit slope and height are discussed. Finally, a step-by-step design procedure is proposed and future research challenges are highlighted. Field feedback has shown that driftwood can substantially influence sediment trap behavior. A companion paper thoroughly covers the production and transfer of driftwood and the interactions with open check dams.
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Acknowledgments
This study was funded by Irstea, the INTEREG-ALCOTRA European RISBA project, and the ALPINE SPACE European SedAlp project. The authors would like to thank Sebastian Schwindt for his help with the German literature, Thanos Papanicolaou for his editorial work, Gilles Charvet, Christian Deymier, Damien Kuss, Ségolène Mejean, Yann Quefféléan, Didier Waszak, and two anonymous reviewers who greatly contributed to this paper by providing helpful reviews of an earlier version of this manuscript. In addition, the authors acknowledge Johannes Hübl and Fritz Zollinger for their help in improving this work with their past works and their authorization to reuse adapted versions of their meaningful figures.
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Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 2 • February 2016
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 15, 2014
Accepted: Apr 6, 2015
Published online: Aug 14, 2015
Discussion open until: Jan 14, 2016
Published in print: Feb 1, 2016
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