Near-Bed Turbulence Characteristics at the Entrainment Threshold of Sediment Beds
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 137, Issue 9
Abstract
This experimental study is devoted to quantification of the near-bed turbulence characteristics at an entrainment threshold of noncohesive sediments. Near the bed, the departure in the distributions of the observed time-averaged streamwise velocity from the logarithmic law is more for immobile beds than for entrainment-threshold beds. In the Reynolds shear stress distributions, a damping that occurs near the bed for sediment entrainment is higher than that for immobile beds. Quadrant analysis reveals that in the near-bed flow zone, ejections and sweeps on immobile beds cancel each other, giving rise to the outward interactions, whereas sweeps are the dominant mechanism toward sediment entrainment. The bursting duration for entrainment-threshold beds is smaller than that for immobile beds. On the other hand, the bursting frequency for entrainment-threshold beds is larger than that for immobile beds. The third-order correlations indicate that during sediment entrainment, a streamwise acceleration associated with a downward flux and advection of streamwise Reynolds normal stress is prevalent. The streamwise and the downward vertical fluxes of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) increase with sediment entrainment. The TKE budget proves that for sediment entrainment, the pressure energy diffusion changes drastically to a negative magnitude, indicating a gain in turbulence production.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 137 • Issue 9 • September 2011
Pages: 945 - 958
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 26, 2010
Accepted: Jan 28, 2011
Published online: Mar 23, 2011
Published in print: Sep 1, 2011
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