Technical Papers
Sep 30, 2014

Testing the Rationale behind an Assumed Linear Relationship between Evapotranspiration and Land Surface Temperature

Publication: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 20, Issue 5

Abstract

Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence indicate a linear relationship between the land surface temperature (Ts) and the corresponding evapotranspiration (ET) rate under spatially constant wind and net energy conditions at a homogeneous vegetated surface. Such a relationship lies at the core of the popular surface energy balance algorithm (SEBAL); the satellite-based energy balance approach for mapping evapotranspiration with internalized calibration (METRIC); and the lesser known calibration-free evapotranspiration mapping (CREMAP) method, just to name a few. The present findings are based on analytical solutions of the coupled turbulent heat and vapor transport equations and further corroborated by monthly reanalysis data of Ts, ET, and sensible heat transfer rates over extensive areas in North America and Europe, where the CREMAP method has previously been applied.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA, No. 83376) and the Agricultural Research Division of the University of Nebraska.

References

Allen, R., Tasumi, M., and Trezza, R. (2007). “Satellite-based energy balance for mapping evapotranspiration with internalized calibration (METRIC)-model.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 380–394.
Bastiaanssen, W., Menenti, M., Feddes, R., and Holtslag, A. (1998). “A remote sensing surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL): 1. Formulation.” J. Hydrol., 212, 198–212.
Bateni, S. M., and Entekhabi, D. (2012). “Relative efficiency of land surface energy balance components.” Water Resour. Res., 48(4), W04510.
Billesbach, D. P., and Arkebauer, T. J. (2012). “First long-term direct measurements of evapotranspiration and surface water balance in the Nebraska SandHills.” Agric. Forest Meteorol., 156, 104–110.
Bouchet, R. J. (1963). “Evapotranspiration reelle, evapotranspiration potentielle, et production agricole.” Ann. Agron., 14, 743–824.
Brutsaert, W. (1982). Evaporation into the atmosphere, D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Holland.
Brutsaert, W., and Yeh, G. T. (1970). “A power wind law for turbulent transfer computations.” Water Resour. Res., 6(5), 1387–1391.
Cederstrand, J. R., and Becker, M. F. (1998). “Digital map of specific yield for high plains aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming.”, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.
Dyer, A. J., and Crawford, T. V. (1965). “Observations of the modification of the microclimate at a leading edge.” Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 91(389), 345–348.
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). (2007). IFS documentation—Cy31r1, Part IV: Physical processes, Shinfield Park, Reading, England.
Jiang, L., and Islam, S. (2001). “Estimation of surface evaporation map over southern Great Plains using remote sensing data.” Water Resour. Res., 37(2), 329–340.
Kalma, J. D., McVicar, T. R., and McCabe, M. F. (2008). “Estimating land surface evaporation: A review of methods using remotely sensed surface temperature data.” Surv. Geophys., 29(4–5), 421–469.
Kovacs, A. (2011). “Improving lake and areal evapotranspiration estimations in Hungary (in Hungarian).” Ph.D. dissertation, Budapest Univ. of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary.
Landon, M., Rus, D., Dietsch, B., Johnson, M., and Eggemeyer, K. (2009). “Evapotranspiration rates of riparian forests, Platte River, Nebraska, 2002–06.”, USGS, Reston, VA.
Ma, Y., et al. (2014). “Combining MODIS, AVHRR and in situ data for evapotranspiration estimation over heterogeneous landscape of the Tibetan Plateau.” Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14(3), 1507–1515.
McMahon, T. A., Peel, M. C., Lowe, L., Srikanthan, R., and McVicar, T. R. (2013). “Estimating actual, potential, reference crop and pan evaporation using standard meteorological data: A pragmatic synthesis.” Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17(4), 1331–1363.
Moran, M. S., Humes, K. S., and Pinter, P. J., Jr. (1997). “The scaling characteristics of remotely-sensed variables for sparsely vegetated heterogeneous landscapes.” J. Hydrol., 190(3–4), 337–362.
Morton, F. I., Ricard, F., and Fogarasi, F. (1985). Operational estimates of areal evapotranspiration and lake evaporation: Program WREVAP, National Hydrologic Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center (ORNL DAAC). (2013). “FLUXNET.” Oak Ridge, TN, 〈http://fluxnet.ornl.gov〉, (Nov. 5, 2013).
Priestley, C. H. B., and Taylor, R. J. (1972). “On the assessment of surface heat flux and evaporation using large-scale parameters.” Mon. Weather Rev., 100(2), 81–92.
Rao, K. S., Wyngaard, J. C., and Cote, O. R. (1974). “Local advection of momentum, heat, and moisture in micrometeorology.” Boundary Layer Meteorol., 7(3), 331–348.
Roerink, G. J., Su, Z., and Menenti, M. (2000). “S-SEBI: A simple remote sensing algorithm to estimate the surface energy balance.” Phys. Chem. Earth, 25(2), 147–157.
Salvucci, G. D., and Gentine, P. (2013). “Emergent relation between surface vapor conductance and relative humidity profiles yields evaporation rates from weather data.” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 110(16), 6287–6291.
Senay, G. B., et al. (2011). “Estimating basin scale evapotranspiration (ET) by water balance and remote sensing methods.” Hydrol. Process., 25(26), 4037–4049.
Senay, G. B., Budde, M. E., Verdin, J. P., and Melesse, A. M. (2007). “A coupled remote sensing and simplified surface energy balance (SSEB) approach to estimate actual evapotranspiration from irrigated fields.” Sensors, 7(6), 979–1000.
Su, Z., Pelgrum, H., and Menenti, M. (1999). “Aggregation effects of surface heterogeneity in land surface processes.” Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 3(4), 549–563.
Sutton, O. G. (1934). “Wind structure and evaporation in a turbulent atmosphere.” Proc. R. Soc. London, A146, 701–722.
Szilagyi, J. (2013a). “Application of MODIS-based monthly evapotranspiration rates in runoff modeling: A case study in Nebraska, USA.” Open J. Mod. Hydrol., 3(4), 179–187.
Szilagyi, J. (2013b). “Recent updates of the calibration-free evapotranspiration mapping (CREMAP) method.” Evapotranspiration: An overview, S. G. Alexandris and R. Sticevic, eds., INTECH, Rijeka, Croatia.
Szilagyi, J. (2014). “MODIS-aided water balance investigations in the Republican River basin, USA.” Period. Polytech. Civ. Eng., 58(1), 33–46.
Szilagyi, J., and Jozsa, J. (2009a). “Analytical solution of the coupled 2-D turbulent heat and vapor transport equations and the complementary relationship of evaporation.” J. Hydrol., 372(1–4), 61–67.
Szilagyi, J., and Jozsa, J. (2009b). “An evaporation estimation method based on the coupled 2D turbulent heat and vapor transport equations.” J. Geophys. Res., 114, D06101.
Szilagyi, J., and Jozsa, J. (2013). “MODIS-aided statewide net groundwater-recharge estimation in Nebraska.” Groundwater, 51(5), 735–744.
Szilagyi, J., Kovacs, A., and Jozsa, J. (2011a). “A calibration-free evapotranspiration mapping (CREMAP) technique.” Evapotranspiration, L. Labedzki, ed., INTECH, Rijeka, Croatia.
Szilagyi, J., Kovacs, A., and Jozsa, J. (2012). “Estimation of spatially distributed mean annual recharge rates in the Danube-Tisza interfluvial region of Hungary.” J. Hydrol. Hydromech., 60(1), 64–72.
Szilagyi, J., Zlotnik, V., Gates, J., and Jozsa, J. (2011b). “Mapping mean annual groundwater recharge in the Nebraska Sand Hills, USA.” Hydrogeol. J., 19(8), 1503–1513.
Szilagyi, J., Zlotnik, V., and Jozsa, J. (2013). “Net recharge vs. depth to groundwater relationship in the Platte River Valley of Nebraska, USA.” Groundwater, 51(6), 945–951.
Venturini, V., Bisht, G., Islam, S., and Jiang, L. (2004). “Comparison of evaporative fractions estimated from AVHRR and MODIS sensors over South Florida.” Remote Sens. Environ., 93(1–2), 77–86.
Verstraeten, W. W., Veroustraete, F., and Feyen, J. (2005). “Estimating evapotranspiration of European forests from NOAA-imagery at satellite overpass time: Towards an operational processing chain for integrated optical and thermal sensor data products.” Remote Sens. Environ., 96(2), 256–276.
Wang, K., and Dickinson, R. E. (2012). “A review of global terrestrial evapotranspiration: Observation, modeling, climatology, and climatic variability.” Rev. Geophys., 50(2), RG2005.
Wang, K., Li, Z., and Cribb, M. (2006). “Estimation of evaporative fraction from a combination of day and night land surface temperatures and NDVI: A new method to determine the Priestley-Taylor parameter.” Remote Sens. Environ., 102(3–4), 293–305.
Yeh, G. T., and Brutsaert, W. (1971). “A solution for simultaneous turbulent heat and vapor transfer between a water surface and the atmosphere.” Boundary Layer Meteorol., 2(1), 64–82.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 20Issue 5May 2015

History

Received: Nov 22, 2013
Accepted: Aug 27, 2014
Published online: Sep 30, 2014
Discussion open until: Feb 28, 2015
Published in print: May 1, 2015

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Jozsef Szilagyi [email protected]
Professor of Hydrology, Dept. of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Budapest Univ. of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Muegyetem Rakpart 1-3, Budapest, Hungary; and School of Natural Resources, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, 3310 Holdrege St., Lincoln, NE 68583. E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share