Displacements, Strains, and Shear Bands in Deep and Shallow Penetration Processes
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 147, Issue 11
Abstract
When penetrometers or probes are pushed into sand, complex displacement fields, strain fields, and shear band patterns develop. Deep and shallow penetration processes in sands generate substantially different patterns. This paper reports the results of penetration experiments performed in dense air-pluviated sand samples prepared in a half-cylindrical calibration chamber equipped with observation windows that allow the collection of images of the sand during penetration. Both a cone penetrometer (diameter ) and a model footing (width ) are used in the penetration experiments. Incremental displacement and strain fields in the soil domain are obtained by analysis of the collected images using digital image correlation (DIC) and continuum mechanics. The zero-extension line concept is used to study shear strain localization, and a method is proposed to automatically obtain the orientation of shear band patterns from the incremental strain fields. For the model footing, the strain fields are found to localize not only near the footing but also away from it, depending on the level of penetration. The shear bands develop in a traditional wedge shape below the model footing and in a fan shape on either side of it. In contrast, for the cone penetrometer, the strain fields localize more intensely near the penetrometer tip. The shear bands develop along the inclined face and near the shoulder of the penetrometer.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The work presented in this paper was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. 1562538. The support of NSF is gratefully acknowledged. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors would also like to acknowledge the help of Henry P. Martin and Christopher H. Henderson in some of the experiments and proofreading of the manuscript.
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Received: Apr 8, 2020
Accepted: Jun 9, 2021
Published online: Sep 15, 2021
Published in print: Nov 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Feb 15, 2022
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